NSG 5140 Advanced Pathophysiology
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. Which disease is often triggered by a fecolith?
- Correct Answer: Appendicitis
2. Bridgete suffers from Graves Disease. Her family brings her into the Emergency
Department one day with a very high fever, tachycardia, and restlessness. You quickly
recognize that this could be an emergency situation if she is having...
- Correct Answer: a thyroid storm.
3. Spina Bifida is one of the most common, severe birth defects in the United States. What
is the anatomical characteristic that leads to Spinal Bifida?
- Correct Answer: The posterior spinus processes on the veterbrae fail to fuse.
4. Brad has type-I diabetes. He states he has been feeling very weak, unwell and has been
nausated. His blood sugar is 724 today. You notice that there is a slight fruity smell
coming from his breath. What disease are you concerned about with Brad?
- Correct Answer: Diabetic Ketoacidosis
5. A patient is having continual seizures (seizures that do not stop) despite already
receiving first line medications for seizures. What condition is the patient currently
experiencing?
- Correct Answer: status epilepticus
,5. Too much Growth Hormone leads to the manifestation of...
- Correct Answer: Gigantism
6. Too little Growth Hormone leads to the manifestation of...
- Correct Answer: Dwarfism
7. Which patient is most likely to be suffering from cholecystitis?
- Correct Answer: Anna - A 40 year old female who is overweight and has not gone through
menapause.
8. Which of the following would a nurse utilize to assess a client's pain?
-Location of Pain
-Color of Pain
-Character of Pain
-Severity of Pain
- Correct Answer: Location of Pain
Severity of Pain
Character of Pain
9. What is the most important teaching point for a patient being discharged with a
diagnosis of post-concussion syndrome?
- Correct Answer: Avoid additional brain injury until current post-concussion syndrome has
completely resolved.
10. What is the most common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease? Luckily with proper treatment this
cause can be cured with antibiotics.
- Correct Answer: H. pylori
, 10. Kegan is a 30 year old man. He presents to your clinic complaining of flu-like symptoms
and abdominal pain. He has multiple tattoos, some appearing quite crude, and admits to
a long history of intravenous drug use and unprotected sex with multiple male and
female partners. Which type or types of hepatitis is Kegan most at risk for?
- Correct Answer: Hepatitis C
11. Edwin has cirhossis of the liver. This has led to Barret's Esphagus, and he has been
throwing up. You suspect he may have a bleeding varicose vein in his throat due to the
disease. What clue about his emesis may strengthen your conclusion that he has a
bleeding esophageal varicosity.
- Correct Answer: bright red blood in his emesis
12. Maria has been vomiting and describes her emesis as looking like it is full of coffee
grounds. You recognize this probably means she has a GI bleed. Where is the bleeding
most likely coming from?
- Correct Answer: Stomach
13. Fat around the _____ seems to have the most impact on risk for cardiovascular
complications
- Correct Answer: Abdomen
14. The nurse asks Jenny what medical problems she has. Jenny responds that she has been
told that part of her stomach sticks through the diaphragm into her chest cavity, but
cannot recall what it is called. The nurse can identify this disease as...
- Correct Answer: a hiatal hernia.
15. The nurse is discussing a patient's medical history. The patient explains they have a
shunt that extends from the third ventricle in his brain to his abdomen that allows CSF to
drain through the shunt. He explains this shunt was initially placed when he was quite
young. The nurse knows that the patient was likely diagnosed with _____ as a child.
, - Correct Answer: Hydrocephalus
16. Allison was walking her dog during a wind storm when a large tree limb fell and struck
her in the head. The oncoming nurse reviews Allison's chart and sees that she has
suffered a fracture to the left temporal bone of her skull. The nurse knows that Allison is
now at risk for a(n) ________ hemorrhage.
- Correct Answer: epidural
17. President John F. Kennedy had an adrenal insufficiency. He fought fatigue, weakness, and
depression, had difficulty maintaining enough weight and often would not stand up suddenly in
the presence of those he was meeting with. What disease did John F. Kennedy have?
- Correct Answer: Addison's Disease
18. A seizure disorder may be characterized by which of the following? [mark all that apply]
-may be caused by alterations in the cell membrane permeability or distribution of ions across
the cell membranes
-can occur secondary to trauma, hypoglycemia, or fever.
-occurs due to a sudden increase in ATP of the muscle cells
-spontaneous firing of abnormal neurons
- Correct Answer: -may be caused by alterations in the cell membrane permeability or
distribution of ions across the cell membranes
-can occur secondary to trauma, hypoglycemia, or fever.
-spontaneous firing of abnormal neurons
19. Brain Herniation can have devastating effects including long term anoxic brain injury or
death to a patient. Please explain an pathophysiological process for brain herniation causing
long term harm.
- Correct Answer: Herniation, especially those causing downward movement of the brain,
can restrict or completely block blood flow to the brain, depriving it from oxygen and glucose,
causing brain damage or death.
20. Patients with Celiac's Disease must avoid _______ in their diet
- Correct Answer: gluten
Comprehensive Resource To Help You Ace 2026-2027 Exams
Includes Frequently Tested Questions With ELABORATED
100% Correct COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Guaranteed Pass First Attempt!! Current Update!!
1. Which disease is often triggered by a fecolith?
- Correct Answer: Appendicitis
2. Bridgete suffers from Graves Disease. Her family brings her into the Emergency
Department one day with a very high fever, tachycardia, and restlessness. You quickly
recognize that this could be an emergency situation if she is having...
- Correct Answer: a thyroid storm.
3. Spina Bifida is one of the most common, severe birth defects in the United States. What
is the anatomical characteristic that leads to Spinal Bifida?
- Correct Answer: The posterior spinus processes on the veterbrae fail to fuse.
4. Brad has type-I diabetes. He states he has been feeling very weak, unwell and has been
nausated. His blood sugar is 724 today. You notice that there is a slight fruity smell
coming from his breath. What disease are you concerned about with Brad?
- Correct Answer: Diabetic Ketoacidosis
5. A patient is having continual seizures (seizures that do not stop) despite already
receiving first line medications for seizures. What condition is the patient currently
experiencing?
- Correct Answer: status epilepticus
,5. Too much Growth Hormone leads to the manifestation of...
- Correct Answer: Gigantism
6. Too little Growth Hormone leads to the manifestation of...
- Correct Answer: Dwarfism
7. Which patient is most likely to be suffering from cholecystitis?
- Correct Answer: Anna - A 40 year old female who is overweight and has not gone through
menapause.
8. Which of the following would a nurse utilize to assess a client's pain?
-Location of Pain
-Color of Pain
-Character of Pain
-Severity of Pain
- Correct Answer: Location of Pain
Severity of Pain
Character of Pain
9. What is the most important teaching point for a patient being discharged with a
diagnosis of post-concussion syndrome?
- Correct Answer: Avoid additional brain injury until current post-concussion syndrome has
completely resolved.
10. What is the most common cause of Peptic Ulcer Disease? Luckily with proper treatment this
cause can be cured with antibiotics.
- Correct Answer: H. pylori
, 10. Kegan is a 30 year old man. He presents to your clinic complaining of flu-like symptoms
and abdominal pain. He has multiple tattoos, some appearing quite crude, and admits to
a long history of intravenous drug use and unprotected sex with multiple male and
female partners. Which type or types of hepatitis is Kegan most at risk for?
- Correct Answer: Hepatitis C
11. Edwin has cirhossis of the liver. This has led to Barret's Esphagus, and he has been
throwing up. You suspect he may have a bleeding varicose vein in his throat due to the
disease. What clue about his emesis may strengthen your conclusion that he has a
bleeding esophageal varicosity.
- Correct Answer: bright red blood in his emesis
12. Maria has been vomiting and describes her emesis as looking like it is full of coffee
grounds. You recognize this probably means she has a GI bleed. Where is the bleeding
most likely coming from?
- Correct Answer: Stomach
13. Fat around the _____ seems to have the most impact on risk for cardiovascular
complications
- Correct Answer: Abdomen
14. The nurse asks Jenny what medical problems she has. Jenny responds that she has been
told that part of her stomach sticks through the diaphragm into her chest cavity, but
cannot recall what it is called. The nurse can identify this disease as...
- Correct Answer: a hiatal hernia.
15. The nurse is discussing a patient's medical history. The patient explains they have a
shunt that extends from the third ventricle in his brain to his abdomen that allows CSF to
drain through the shunt. He explains this shunt was initially placed when he was quite
young. The nurse knows that the patient was likely diagnosed with _____ as a child.
, - Correct Answer: Hydrocephalus
16. Allison was walking her dog during a wind storm when a large tree limb fell and struck
her in the head. The oncoming nurse reviews Allison's chart and sees that she has
suffered a fracture to the left temporal bone of her skull. The nurse knows that Allison is
now at risk for a(n) ________ hemorrhage.
- Correct Answer: epidural
17. President John F. Kennedy had an adrenal insufficiency. He fought fatigue, weakness, and
depression, had difficulty maintaining enough weight and often would not stand up suddenly in
the presence of those he was meeting with. What disease did John F. Kennedy have?
- Correct Answer: Addison's Disease
18. A seizure disorder may be characterized by which of the following? [mark all that apply]
-may be caused by alterations in the cell membrane permeability or distribution of ions across
the cell membranes
-can occur secondary to trauma, hypoglycemia, or fever.
-occurs due to a sudden increase in ATP of the muscle cells
-spontaneous firing of abnormal neurons
- Correct Answer: -may be caused by alterations in the cell membrane permeability or
distribution of ions across the cell membranes
-can occur secondary to trauma, hypoglycemia, or fever.
-spontaneous firing of abnormal neurons
19. Brain Herniation can have devastating effects including long term anoxic brain injury or
death to a patient. Please explain an pathophysiological process for brain herniation causing
long term harm.
- Correct Answer: Herniation, especially those causing downward movement of the brain,
can restrict or completely block blood flow to the brain, depriving it from oxygen and glucose,
causing brain damage or death.
20. Patients with Celiac's Disease must avoid _______ in their diet
- Correct Answer: gluten
