CMS exam 2 questions with complete
solutions2
Confirmation bias - ANSWERS-A tendency to search for information that supports our
preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
Plagiarism - ANSWERS-A piece of work that has been copied from someone else and is
presenting it as your own work
Specific purpose statement - ANSWERS-statement of the particular outcome sought from the
audience; a more specific version of a general purpose
Central idea - ANSWERS-A one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major
ideas of a speech
Toulmin's structure of an argument - ANSWERS-Data: The facts or evidence used to prove the
argument
Claim: The statement being argued (a thesis)
Warrants: The general, hypothetical (and often implicit) logical statements that serve as bridges
between the claim and the data.
Qualifiers: Statements that limit the strength of the argument or statements that propose the
conditions under which the argument is true.
Rebuttals: Counter-arguments or statements indicating circumstances when the general
argument does not hold true.
Backing: Statements that serve to support the warrants (i.e., arguments that don't necessarily
prove the main point being argued, but which do prove the warrants are true.)
solutions2
Confirmation bias - ANSWERS-A tendency to search for information that supports our
preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence
Plagiarism - ANSWERS-A piece of work that has been copied from someone else and is
presenting it as your own work
Specific purpose statement - ANSWERS-statement of the particular outcome sought from the
audience; a more specific version of a general purpose
Central idea - ANSWERS-A one-sentence statement that sums up or encapsulates the major
ideas of a speech
Toulmin's structure of an argument - ANSWERS-Data: The facts or evidence used to prove the
argument
Claim: The statement being argued (a thesis)
Warrants: The general, hypothetical (and often implicit) logical statements that serve as bridges
between the claim and the data.
Qualifiers: Statements that limit the strength of the argument or statements that propose the
conditions under which the argument is true.
Rebuttals: Counter-arguments or statements indicating circumstances when the general
argument does not hold true.
Backing: Statements that serve to support the warrants (i.e., arguments that don't necessarily
prove the main point being argued, but which do prove the warrants are true.)
