CERTIFIED BRAIN INJURY SPECIALIST
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● 504 Plan
Section 504 of the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Answer: A written plan developed by a
general
education school committee outlining
accommodations to be made by a K-12 or
post-secondary school that receives federal
funds for a student with a disabling condition
that substantially limits a major life activity.
●● Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). Answer: Also known as
dementia pugilistica, refers to a condition, diagnosed after death, relative
to multiple concussions caused by significant force. A progressive
degenerative disease that is most often sustained by athletes participating
in contact sports, where it is sometimes termed punch drunk. May also
be observed in domestic violence victims or abused children who have
sustained numerous blows to the head. It begins very slowly with
deterioration in concentration, attention, memory, judgment, and insight,
occasionally accompanied by dizziness and headaches. Severe
symptoms of eventually show symptoms of Parkinsonism, including
,disturbed coordination, slowed gait, slurred speech, masked facies,
difficulty swallowing and tremors.
●● Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). Answer: An injury to the brain that is
not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
●● Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Answer: an alteration in brain
function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external
force
●● closed injuries. Answer: Can cause brain lacerations and contusions,
or intracerebral hemorrhage within the brain causing focal injuries. i.e.
coup-countercoup, and/or diffuse injury resulting from tearing or
shearing of axons i.e. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
●● Open injuries. Answer: Breach of the skull or a breach of the
meninges. These injuries often result in focal injuries (such as epidural
or SDH, or ICH) or penetrating injury i.e. gunshot wound
●● Mild TBI (mTBI). Answer: Can have either brief or no loss of
consciousness and its presentation may demonstrate vomiting, lethargy,
dizziness, and inability to recall what just happened.
●● Moderate TBI. Answer: Will be marked by unconsciousness for any
period of time up to 24hours, will have neurological signs of brain
trauma, including skull fractures with contusion or bleeding, and may
,have focal findings on an electroencephalograph (EEG)/computed
tomography (CT) scan.
Normal or abnormal structural imaging; LOC >30min and <24 hr; AOC
>24 hr severity based on other criteria; PTA >1 and <7 days; GCS = 9-
12
●● Severe TBI. Answer: Marked by a period of loss of consciousness of
24 hours or greater.
Normal or abnormal structural imaging; LOC >24 hr; PTA >7 days;
GCS = 3-8
●● Incidence. Answer: occurrence; i.e. a certain number of brain injuries
within a given year.
●● Prevalence of Injury. Answer: The number of people with a given
condition (i.e. ABI) at a specific point in time
●● Mild Brain Injury (mBI). Answer: Injury to the brain, with Glasgow
Coma Scores (GCS) between 13-15; Normal Structural Imaging; LOC =
0-30 minutes; AOC = from a moment up to 24hr; PTA = 0-1 day
●● Akinesia. Answer: slowness or loss of movement
, ●● epidural hematoma (EDH). Answer: Hematoma on the surface of the
meninges but inside the skull, displacing the brain
●● Subdural Hematoma. Answer: Bleeding between the dura mater and
the arachnoid layers of the meninges.
●● Hypoxia. Answer: decreased amount of O2 to the brain
●● Anoxia. Answer: no O2 to the brain completely
●● Medulla. Answer: the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat,
breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, vomiting, and sneezing
●● Pons. Answer: Part of the brainstem that is essential for facial
movement and sensations, hearing and coordinating eye movements.
Enables the thinking part of the brain (Cortex) to work with the moving
part of the brain (Cerebellum)
●● Mid Brain. Answer: Part of the brain stem that plays a pivotal role in
alertness and arousal
●● Basal Ganglia. Answer: directs intentional movements
ACTUAL EXAM PAPER 2026 QUESTIONS
WITH SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
●● 504 Plan
Section 504 of the
Rehabilitation Act of 1973. Answer: A written plan developed by a
general
education school committee outlining
accommodations to be made by a K-12 or
post-secondary school that receives federal
funds for a student with a disabling condition
that substantially limits a major life activity.
●● Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy (CTE). Answer: Also known as
dementia pugilistica, refers to a condition, diagnosed after death, relative
to multiple concussions caused by significant force. A progressive
degenerative disease that is most often sustained by athletes participating
in contact sports, where it is sometimes termed punch drunk. May also
be observed in domestic violence victims or abused children who have
sustained numerous blows to the head. It begins very slowly with
deterioration in concentration, attention, memory, judgment, and insight,
occasionally accompanied by dizziness and headaches. Severe
symptoms of eventually show symptoms of Parkinsonism, including
,disturbed coordination, slowed gait, slurred speech, masked facies,
difficulty swallowing and tremors.
●● Acquired Brain Injury (ABI). Answer: An injury to the brain that is
not hereditary, congenital, degenerative, or induced by birth trauma
●● Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). Answer: an alteration in brain
function, or other evidence of brain pathology, caused by an external
force
●● closed injuries. Answer: Can cause brain lacerations and contusions,
or intracerebral hemorrhage within the brain causing focal injuries. i.e.
coup-countercoup, and/or diffuse injury resulting from tearing or
shearing of axons i.e. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI)
●● Open injuries. Answer: Breach of the skull or a breach of the
meninges. These injuries often result in focal injuries (such as epidural
or SDH, or ICH) or penetrating injury i.e. gunshot wound
●● Mild TBI (mTBI). Answer: Can have either brief or no loss of
consciousness and its presentation may demonstrate vomiting, lethargy,
dizziness, and inability to recall what just happened.
●● Moderate TBI. Answer: Will be marked by unconsciousness for any
period of time up to 24hours, will have neurological signs of brain
trauma, including skull fractures with contusion or bleeding, and may
,have focal findings on an electroencephalograph (EEG)/computed
tomography (CT) scan.
Normal or abnormal structural imaging; LOC >30min and <24 hr; AOC
>24 hr severity based on other criteria; PTA >1 and <7 days; GCS = 9-
12
●● Severe TBI. Answer: Marked by a period of loss of consciousness of
24 hours or greater.
Normal or abnormal structural imaging; LOC >24 hr; PTA >7 days;
GCS = 3-8
●● Incidence. Answer: occurrence; i.e. a certain number of brain injuries
within a given year.
●● Prevalence of Injury. Answer: The number of people with a given
condition (i.e. ABI) at a specific point in time
●● Mild Brain Injury (mBI). Answer: Injury to the brain, with Glasgow
Coma Scores (GCS) between 13-15; Normal Structural Imaging; LOC =
0-30 minutes; AOC = from a moment up to 24hr; PTA = 0-1 day
●● Akinesia. Answer: slowness or loss of movement
, ●● epidural hematoma (EDH). Answer: Hematoma on the surface of the
meninges but inside the skull, displacing the brain
●● Subdural Hematoma. Answer: Bleeding between the dura mater and
the arachnoid layers of the meninges.
●● Hypoxia. Answer: decreased amount of O2 to the brain
●● Anoxia. Answer: no O2 to the brain completely
●● Medulla. Answer: the base of the brainstem; controls heartbeat,
breathing, blood pressure, swallowing, vomiting, and sneezing
●● Pons. Answer: Part of the brainstem that is essential for facial
movement and sensations, hearing and coordinating eye movements.
Enables the thinking part of the brain (Cortex) to work with the moving
part of the brain (Cerebellum)
●● Mid Brain. Answer: Part of the brain stem that plays a pivotal role in
alertness and arousal
●● Basal Ganglia. Answer: directs intentional movements
