Pharm Exam 1 (NS 235- clarkson spring
20') Questions with Verified Answers
What is a generic name? - ANSWERS-the name assigned to the drug by the US
adopted name council and each drug only has one
-this name is usually less complicated, and many health care providers will use this
name
-many generic names with have will have a common ending or syllable in their generic
name
What is the trade name (or brand name) of a drug? - ANSWERS-the name assigned by
the company marketing the drug
-usually easy to remember and pronounce
-companies have proprietary rights to the drug for 17 years, and after 17 years other
companies can sell a generic equivalent of the drug (sometimes using a different trade
name)
What drugs are more readily absorbed in the GI membrane, and why? -
ANSWERSDrugs that are lipid (fat) soluble are absorbed better than water soluble
drugs because the GI membrane is compromised of fat and protein.
What four process occur in the pharmacokinetic phase? - ANSWERS-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-excretion
What factors cause the drug to be readily absorbed from the GI tract? - ANSWERS-GI
membrane is comprised of fat and protein so drugs that are lipid soluble are more
readily absorbed
-nonionized (no charge) are more readily absorbed than highly ionized drugs
-the alkaline environment of the small intestine will absorb alkaline drugs more readily
Which route of administration will result in the highest bioavailability? - ANSWERSIV
route is usually 100% availability
If a patient is taking three drugs that are 80%, 90%, and 99% protein bound, what
factors will increase the risk for toxicity from these drugs? - ANSWERS-low protein
(mainly albumin) in the blood leaves less binding sites for the drugs to there are more
drugs free in the blood leading to toxicty
Why is an overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) life-threatening? - ANSWERSwhen
metabolized it becomes toxic to the liver in large doses
, What three types of drugs will be excreted by the kidney? - ANSWERS-free unbound
drugs
-water soluble drugs
-unchanged drugs
What will increase the excretion of an alkaline drug in the urine? - ANSWERS-acidic
urine promotes the excretion of weak bases
-to acidify the urine, cranberry juice can be given and to alkalinize the urine, sodium
bicarbonate can be given for overdose of aspirin
How often per day would a drug with a long-half life be given - ANSWERSgiven once a
day to prevent excessive accumulation in the body
When will the patient start feeling the effects of the drug (at the onset, peak, or
duration)? When should the nurse assess the patient to see how effective the drug has
been (onset, peak or duration)? - ANSWERS-the patient will start feeling the effect at
onset
-the nurse should assess the patient at the peak
When is the trough level? - ANSWERSright before the next dose is administered
Why does a drug like bethanechol have many side effects? - ANSWERSbecause
nonspecific drugs act on one specific receptor that is located all over the body
Why is epinephrine called a nonselective drug? - ANSWERSbecause it acts on three
different receptors causing three different responses
What happens to the effect of an agonist when its antagonist attaches to the receptor? -
ANSWERSit blocks/bumps the agonist off of the receptor site, no response
What usually causes toxic effects? - ANSWERSmostly occurs with drugs that have a
low therapeutic index or narrow margin of safety, usually due to excessive blood
concentrations of the drug
What does pregnancy category X mean? - ANSWERSmeans that the drug is
contraindicated in pregnant women
Give examples of subjective data. - ANSWERSpain, nausea, dizzy, tingling sensations,
etc.
What is the nursing diagnosis based on? - ANSWERSsubjective and objective data
What is taken into considerations when setting goals for patient care? -
ANSWERSpatient's input, nursing dx
20') Questions with Verified Answers
What is a generic name? - ANSWERS-the name assigned to the drug by the US
adopted name council and each drug only has one
-this name is usually less complicated, and many health care providers will use this
name
-many generic names with have will have a common ending or syllable in their generic
name
What is the trade name (or brand name) of a drug? - ANSWERS-the name assigned by
the company marketing the drug
-usually easy to remember and pronounce
-companies have proprietary rights to the drug for 17 years, and after 17 years other
companies can sell a generic equivalent of the drug (sometimes using a different trade
name)
What drugs are more readily absorbed in the GI membrane, and why? -
ANSWERSDrugs that are lipid (fat) soluble are absorbed better than water soluble
drugs because the GI membrane is compromised of fat and protein.
What four process occur in the pharmacokinetic phase? - ANSWERS-absorption
-distribution
-metabolism
-excretion
What factors cause the drug to be readily absorbed from the GI tract? - ANSWERS-GI
membrane is comprised of fat and protein so drugs that are lipid soluble are more
readily absorbed
-nonionized (no charge) are more readily absorbed than highly ionized drugs
-the alkaline environment of the small intestine will absorb alkaline drugs more readily
Which route of administration will result in the highest bioavailability? - ANSWERSIV
route is usually 100% availability
If a patient is taking three drugs that are 80%, 90%, and 99% protein bound, what
factors will increase the risk for toxicity from these drugs? - ANSWERS-low protein
(mainly albumin) in the blood leaves less binding sites for the drugs to there are more
drugs free in the blood leading to toxicty
Why is an overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) life-threatening? - ANSWERSwhen
metabolized it becomes toxic to the liver in large doses
, What three types of drugs will be excreted by the kidney? - ANSWERS-free unbound
drugs
-water soluble drugs
-unchanged drugs
What will increase the excretion of an alkaline drug in the urine? - ANSWERS-acidic
urine promotes the excretion of weak bases
-to acidify the urine, cranberry juice can be given and to alkalinize the urine, sodium
bicarbonate can be given for overdose of aspirin
How often per day would a drug with a long-half life be given - ANSWERSgiven once a
day to prevent excessive accumulation in the body
When will the patient start feeling the effects of the drug (at the onset, peak, or
duration)? When should the nurse assess the patient to see how effective the drug has
been (onset, peak or duration)? - ANSWERS-the patient will start feeling the effect at
onset
-the nurse should assess the patient at the peak
When is the trough level? - ANSWERSright before the next dose is administered
Why does a drug like bethanechol have many side effects? - ANSWERSbecause
nonspecific drugs act on one specific receptor that is located all over the body
Why is epinephrine called a nonselective drug? - ANSWERSbecause it acts on three
different receptors causing three different responses
What happens to the effect of an agonist when its antagonist attaches to the receptor? -
ANSWERSit blocks/bumps the agonist off of the receptor site, no response
What usually causes toxic effects? - ANSWERSmostly occurs with drugs that have a
low therapeutic index or narrow margin of safety, usually due to excessive blood
concentrations of the drug
What does pregnancy category X mean? - ANSWERSmeans that the drug is
contraindicated in pregnant women
Give examples of subjective data. - ANSWERSpain, nausea, dizzy, tingling sensations,
etc.
What is the nursing diagnosis based on? - ANSWERSsubjective and objective data
What is taken into considerations when setting goals for patient care? -
ANSWERSpatient's input, nursing dx
