NURS 4210 Final Examination: Disaster
Preparedness And Response||Questions
And Answers With Rationales/Graded
A+/2026 Update/100% Correct /Instant
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Section I: Foundational Concepts & Terminology (Questions 1–15)
1. A nurse is triaging after a mass casualty incident (MCI). A patient with a
sucking chest wound is breathing spontaneously. What triage category is
correct?
• A. Expectant (Black)
• B. Immediate (Red)
• C. Delayed (Yellow)
• D. Minor (Green)
Rationale: Red (Immediate) indicates life-threatening but survivable with
intervention. A sucking chest wound requires urgent decompression/occlusive
dressing.
2. Which federal act authorizes the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS)
in the U.S.?
• A. Stafford Act
• B. Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (PAHPA)
• C. HIPAA
• D. EMTALA
,Rationale: PAHPA (reauthorized 2023, extended 2025) governs NDMS, which
deploys DMAT teams.
3. A chemical spill occurs 2 miles from a hospital. The nurse activates the
facility’s emergency operations plan. Which phase of disaster management is
this?
• A. Mitigation
• B. Response
• C. Recovery
• D. Preparedness
Rationale: Response begins immediately after an incident to save lives and
prevent further harm.
4. During a hurricane, a nurse advises elderly patients to secure loose outdoor
items. This is an example of:
• A. Mitigation
• B. Preparedness
• C. Response
• D. Recovery
Rationale: Mitigation reduces risk before a disaster (e.g., securing items,
reinforcing structures).
5. The Incident Command System (ICS) position responsible for obtaining
resources like ventilators is:
• A. Incident Commander
• B. Logistics Chief
• C. Operations Chief
• D. Finance Chief
Rationale: Logistics handles supplies, facilities, and transportation.
6. Which triage tag color indicates a patient with minor injuries who can wait
>3 hours?
, • A. Red
• B. Yellow
• C. Black
• D. Green
Rationale: Green (Minor) includes ambulatory patients with simple lacerations or
minor sprains.
7. A patient exposed to nerve agent sarin has pinpoint pupils and copious
secretions. The nurse prepares which antidote?
• A. Atropine + pralidoxime
• B. NAC (N-acetylcysteine)
• C. Hydroxocobalamin
• D. Sodium bicarbonate
Rationale: Atropine blocks muscarinic effects; pralidoxime reactivates
acetylcholinesterase.
8. Which disaster triage system is most commonly used in the U.S. for MCIs?
• A. START (Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment)
• B. SALT (Sort, Assess, Life-saving interventions, Treatment/transport)
• C. CESIRA
• D. MPTT-3
Rationale: START is rapid (<60 sec/patient) based on RPM (Respiration,
Perfusion, Mental status).
9. A nurse refuses to report to work during a declared emergency due to lack
of childcare. This is an ethical issue related to:
• A. Moral distress
• B. Paternalism
• C. Beneficence
• D. Justice
Preparedness And Response||Questions
And Answers With Rationales/Graded
A+/2026 Update/100% Correct /Instant
Download
.
Section I: Foundational Concepts & Terminology (Questions 1–15)
1. A nurse is triaging after a mass casualty incident (MCI). A patient with a
sucking chest wound is breathing spontaneously. What triage category is
correct?
• A. Expectant (Black)
• B. Immediate (Red)
• C. Delayed (Yellow)
• D. Minor (Green)
Rationale: Red (Immediate) indicates life-threatening but survivable with
intervention. A sucking chest wound requires urgent decompression/occlusive
dressing.
2. Which federal act authorizes the National Disaster Medical System (NDMS)
in the U.S.?
• A. Stafford Act
• B. Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (PAHPA)
• C. HIPAA
• D. EMTALA
,Rationale: PAHPA (reauthorized 2023, extended 2025) governs NDMS, which
deploys DMAT teams.
3. A chemical spill occurs 2 miles from a hospital. The nurse activates the
facility’s emergency operations plan. Which phase of disaster management is
this?
• A. Mitigation
• B. Response
• C. Recovery
• D. Preparedness
Rationale: Response begins immediately after an incident to save lives and
prevent further harm.
4. During a hurricane, a nurse advises elderly patients to secure loose outdoor
items. This is an example of:
• A. Mitigation
• B. Preparedness
• C. Response
• D. Recovery
Rationale: Mitigation reduces risk before a disaster (e.g., securing items,
reinforcing structures).
5. The Incident Command System (ICS) position responsible for obtaining
resources like ventilators is:
• A. Incident Commander
• B. Logistics Chief
• C. Operations Chief
• D. Finance Chief
Rationale: Logistics handles supplies, facilities, and transportation.
6. Which triage tag color indicates a patient with minor injuries who can wait
>3 hours?
, • A. Red
• B. Yellow
• C. Black
• D. Green
Rationale: Green (Minor) includes ambulatory patients with simple lacerations or
minor sprains.
7. A patient exposed to nerve agent sarin has pinpoint pupils and copious
secretions. The nurse prepares which antidote?
• A. Atropine + pralidoxime
• B. NAC (N-acetylcysteine)
• C. Hydroxocobalamin
• D. Sodium bicarbonate
Rationale: Atropine blocks muscarinic effects; pralidoxime reactivates
acetylcholinesterase.
8. Which disaster triage system is most commonly used in the U.S. for MCIs?
• A. START (Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment)
• B. SALT (Sort, Assess, Life-saving interventions, Treatment/transport)
• C. CESIRA
• D. MPTT-3
Rationale: START is rapid (<60 sec/patient) based on RPM (Respiration,
Perfusion, Mental status).
9. A nurse refuses to report to work during a declared emergency due to lack
of childcare. This is an ethical issue related to:
• A. Moral distress
• B. Paternalism
• C. Beneficence
• D. Justice
