PUBLIC HEALTH EXAM 2 WITH 414
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS RATED A+ 2026/2027
What are some reproductive health concerns for women?
- Pregnancy concerns
- Cancers (breast, cervical, ovarian)
- Concerns related to health and role
- Mothers, wives, workers
- Health disruptions affect roles
What unique health disparities can women face?
Women may suffer from acute illnesses related to domestic violence and may
face barriers to accessing healthcare, due to stigma preventing a client from
accessing healthcare after a traumatic event.
What are some reproductive health concerns for men?
- Cancers (prostate, testicular)
- Erectile dysfunction
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Example: Nurse should realize that it may be difficult for a man to discuss erectile
dysfunction or low testosterone with others, and he may not seek treatment until
the situation has become very profound.
How can health care disparities affect men in the workforce?
Men may take on riskier jobs without having access to safety equipment in order
to feed their families.
- Example: They may do construction work without proper head and foot
protection.
What health disparities are often linked to the LGBTQIA+ community?
,- Discrimination
- Higher incidences of:
- Cancers, depression, HIV/AIDS, and STIs.
- May not seek health care due to concerns about being stigmatized or mistreated
by providers which results in limited access to care and health disparity
development.
What does the Patient Self-Determination Act (PDSA) allow?
It allows patients to make their own health care decisions.
What is the focus of hospice care?
Symptom management for patients with terminal illnesses or life expectancy of
less than 6 months.
What is the focus of palliative care?
Improving quality of life.
What is the purpose of advanced directives?
Guide direct care at the end of life and designate a durable power of attorney for
decision-making.
What is caregiver role strain?
The stress experienced by individuals caring for aging parents while also raising
children.
What is the sandwhich generation?
People taking care of aging parents as well as children or grandchildren.
What are the harmful psychological effects of caregiving?
Effects can range from stressful to profound depression and anxiety, impacting
the caregiver's quality of life.
What is culture
Refers to similarities in groups of people (ethnicity, religion, etc).
,What is a subculture?
Subgroups within a culture that have distinguising characteristics from the main
culture.
How do cultural beliefs influence health?
- Beliefs about cause of illness vary within cultures
- Religious beliefs may dictate treatment options
- Dietary habits vary within cultures
- Culture impacts every part of life from foods eaten, language spoken, to places
of worship, and socialization.
- Different cultures believe different ideas about what causes a disease or how
that disease will manifest.
Why is understanding culture important in nursing?
Understanding culture is crucial as it influences health beliefs, practices, and
overall health outcomes.
What is cultural competence?
The ability to understand, communicate, and interact with people across different
cultures, resulting in improved health outcomes.
What impact does cultural competence have on healthcare organizations?
It positively impacts health, social, and business outcomes.
What does transcultural nursing incorporate?
Culture care practices, meanings, and factors influenced by values, history,
language, gender, religion, politics, economics, and the environment.
What is the significance of culturally competent care?
Culturally competent care improves patient outcomes by respecting and
integrating patients' cultural beliefs into their care.
What are the 3 components of Cultural Competence?
, - Cultural awareness (sensitivity)
- Cultural humility
- Cultural safety
What are health disparities?
- Differences in medical conditions or health outcomes in specific populations,
most often within marginalized groups.
- Often rooted in systemic racism
- Influenced directly by SDOH
How can health disparities be improved?
By having a diverse nursing workforce, fostering cultural similarities between
nurse and client, and developing cultural competence.
What is an example of a health disparity?
- Black Americans are 6 times more likely to die from HIV compared to White
Americans.
- End stage renal disease is double in Hispanic population as compared to non-
Hispanic diabetic population.
What are some health disparities linked to?
- Racial discrimination
- Ethnocultural issues
- Sociocultural issues
- Aging
- Disabilities
- Race, ethnicity, sex, sexual identity, age, socioeconomic status, geographic
location.
What is the role of nurses in identifying health disparities?
Nurses are responsible for identifying health disparities in clients, as these can
impact adherence to care regimens.
What is health equity?
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS RATED A+ 2026/2027
What are some reproductive health concerns for women?
- Pregnancy concerns
- Cancers (breast, cervical, ovarian)
- Concerns related to health and role
- Mothers, wives, workers
- Health disruptions affect roles
What unique health disparities can women face?
Women may suffer from acute illnesses related to domestic violence and may
face barriers to accessing healthcare, due to stigma preventing a client from
accessing healthcare after a traumatic event.
What are some reproductive health concerns for men?
- Cancers (prostate, testicular)
- Erectile dysfunction
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Example: Nurse should realize that it may be difficult for a man to discuss erectile
dysfunction or low testosterone with others, and he may not seek treatment until
the situation has become very profound.
How can health care disparities affect men in the workforce?
Men may take on riskier jobs without having access to safety equipment in order
to feed their families.
- Example: They may do construction work without proper head and foot
protection.
What health disparities are often linked to the LGBTQIA+ community?
,- Discrimination
- Higher incidences of:
- Cancers, depression, HIV/AIDS, and STIs.
- May not seek health care due to concerns about being stigmatized or mistreated
by providers which results in limited access to care and health disparity
development.
What does the Patient Self-Determination Act (PDSA) allow?
It allows patients to make their own health care decisions.
What is the focus of hospice care?
Symptom management for patients with terminal illnesses or life expectancy of
less than 6 months.
What is the focus of palliative care?
Improving quality of life.
What is the purpose of advanced directives?
Guide direct care at the end of life and designate a durable power of attorney for
decision-making.
What is caregiver role strain?
The stress experienced by individuals caring for aging parents while also raising
children.
What is the sandwhich generation?
People taking care of aging parents as well as children or grandchildren.
What are the harmful psychological effects of caregiving?
Effects can range from stressful to profound depression and anxiety, impacting
the caregiver's quality of life.
What is culture
Refers to similarities in groups of people (ethnicity, religion, etc).
,What is a subculture?
Subgroups within a culture that have distinguising characteristics from the main
culture.
How do cultural beliefs influence health?
- Beliefs about cause of illness vary within cultures
- Religious beliefs may dictate treatment options
- Dietary habits vary within cultures
- Culture impacts every part of life from foods eaten, language spoken, to places
of worship, and socialization.
- Different cultures believe different ideas about what causes a disease or how
that disease will manifest.
Why is understanding culture important in nursing?
Understanding culture is crucial as it influences health beliefs, practices, and
overall health outcomes.
What is cultural competence?
The ability to understand, communicate, and interact with people across different
cultures, resulting in improved health outcomes.
What impact does cultural competence have on healthcare organizations?
It positively impacts health, social, and business outcomes.
What does transcultural nursing incorporate?
Culture care practices, meanings, and factors influenced by values, history,
language, gender, religion, politics, economics, and the environment.
What is the significance of culturally competent care?
Culturally competent care improves patient outcomes by respecting and
integrating patients' cultural beliefs into their care.
What are the 3 components of Cultural Competence?
, - Cultural awareness (sensitivity)
- Cultural humility
- Cultural safety
What are health disparities?
- Differences in medical conditions or health outcomes in specific populations,
most often within marginalized groups.
- Often rooted in systemic racism
- Influenced directly by SDOH
How can health disparities be improved?
By having a diverse nursing workforce, fostering cultural similarities between
nurse and client, and developing cultural competence.
What is an example of a health disparity?
- Black Americans are 6 times more likely to die from HIV compared to White
Americans.
- End stage renal disease is double in Hispanic population as compared to non-
Hispanic diabetic population.
What are some health disparities linked to?
- Racial discrimination
- Ethnocultural issues
- Sociocultural issues
- Aging
- Disabilities
- Race, ethnicity, sex, sexual identity, age, socioeconomic status, geographic
location.
What is the role of nurses in identifying health disparities?
Nurses are responsible for identifying health disparities in clients, as these can
impact adherence to care regimens.
What is health equity?
