NSG 3130 Exam 2
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Practice
II
Galen College of Nursing
2026/2027 |Newly Released
50 Verified questions & Answers with Detailed Rationales
Graded A+
Patient Teaching, Mobility & Sleep
Q1: A nurse walks into a patient's room and finds them gasping for air with a high-pitched sound
on inspiration, clutching their throat. In the room next door, a patient is complaining of crushing
chest pain, and down the hall, a patient has wheezing. Following the ABC priority framework,
which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. The patient with crushing chest pain
B. The patient with wheezing
C. The patient with the high-pitched inspiratory sound (stridor) [CORRECT]
D. The nurse should call for help and assess all three simultaneously
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stridor indicates a severe, potentially life-threatening upper airway obstruction.
According to the ABCs, establishing and maintaining a patent airway is always the absolute first
priority before addressing breathing (wheezing) or circulation (chest pain).
Q2: A nurse is finishing discharge teaching for a patient going home on a new blood thinner.
Which response by the nurse best demonstrates the Teach-Back method?
A. "Do you understand everything we just went over?"
B. "Taking this pill prevents clots. Do you have any questions?" [CORRECT]
C. "Tell me in your own words how you are going to take this medication at home."
D. "Please read this pamphlet and sign the form at the bottom."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Teach-Back method is the gold standard because it asks the patient to explain or
demonstrate the information in their own words. Asking "do you understand?" often results in a
polite "yes" even if the patient is completely lost.
,Q3: Which of the following actions demonstrate correct body mechanics when lifting a heavy
box off the floor? Select all that apply.
A. Bending at the knees instead of the waist [CORRECT]
B. Keeping the load as far away from the body as possible to balance it
C. Maintaining a wide base of support by spreading the feet apart [CORRECT]
D. Twisting the torso to look where you are going to set the box down
E. Using the strong muscles of the legs to lift [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: A, C, E
Rationale: Safe lifting requires a wide base, bending at the knees, and using leg muscles. The
load should be kept close to the body to reduce strain on the back, and you should never twist
your spine while lifting; instead, move your feet to turn.
Q4: A nurse needs to help a patient who weighs 300 lbs move from the bed to a wheelchair. The
patient is cooperative but has severe leg weakness. What is the safest action for the nurse to take?
A. Stand the patient up quickly and pivot them to the wheelchair before they get dizzy.
B. Grab the patient under the axillae and pull them up toward the wheelchair.
C. Obtain a mechanical lift (like a Hoyer lift) and use it for the transfer. [CORRECT]
D. Ask a coworker to help so they can each grab an arm and pull the patient up.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulling a patient under the arms can cause severe shoulder dislocations or brachial
plexus injuries, and manual lifting of a 300 lb patient puts both the nurse and patient at extreme
risk for injury. A mechanical lift is the safest, most appropriate choice.
Q5: A patient is able to correctly list the common side effects of their new medication and
explain why they need to take it with food. Which domain of learning does this represent?
A. Affective
B. Psychomotor
C. Cognitive [CORRECT]
D. Kinesthetic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cognitive domain involves intellectual activities like thinking, knowledge,
comprehension, and explaining facts. Because the patient is reciting information and explaining
the "why," this is a clear cognitive response.
Q6: A nurse is explaining the stages of sleep to a nursing student. Which stage is correctly
described as the deepest stage of sleep where the body repairs tissues and cell regeneration
occurs?
A. Stage 1 NREM
B. Stage 2 NREM
C. Stage 3 NREM [CORRECT]
D. REM sleep
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stage 3 NREM (formerly slow-wave sleep) is the deepest stage of sleep. It is highly
restorative, crucial for physical recovery, tissue repair, and immune function, and it is very
difficult to wake a person from this stage.
Q7: A post-operative patient is reluctant to use the incentive spirometer because it hurts their
incision. Using the ABC priority framework, which nursing intervention is the priority?
A. Administer the prescribed PRN pain medication and wait for relief. [CORRECT]
B. Explain that using the spirometer will prevent pneumonia and encourage them to try.
C. Document the patient's refusal and try again in 4 hours.
D. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises on the patient's arms and legs instead.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Managing pain (circulation/comfort) is secondary to ensuring the patient can
effectively breathe and prevent atelectasis/pneumonia. However, the patient is unlikely to take
deep breaths with uncontrolled pain. Addressing the pain first enables the patient to comply with
the breathing interventions.
Q8: A patient has been on strict bed rest for three days following a major surgery. Which
complications of immobility should the nurse monitor for? Select all that apply.
A. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) [CORRECT]
B. Skin breakdown over bony prominences [CORRECT]
C. Urinary stasis and renal calculi [CORRECT]
D. Increased muscle mass and strength
E. Hypertension due to increased venous return
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Immobility slows blood flow (leading to DVT), causes constant pressure on the skin
(leading to breakdown), and slows the urinary system (leading to stasis and kidney stones). It
causes muscle atrophy, not increased mass, and it causes orthostatic hypotension due to blood
pooling, not hypertension.
Q9: The nurse is caring for several patients on a medical-surgical unit. Which patients require
transmission-based precautions? Select all that apply.
A. A patient with a positive Mantoux test and a productive cough (Tuberculosis) [CORRECT]
B. A patient with a fever, chills, and a severe cough with purulent sputum (Influenza)
[CORRECT]
C. A patient with a wound culture positive for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) [CORRECT]
D. A patient admitted for dehydration secondary to severe vomiting
E. A patient with a history of a heart attack who is now stable
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Practice
II
Galen College of Nursing
2026/2027 |Newly Released
50 Verified questions & Answers with Detailed Rationales
Graded A+
Patient Teaching, Mobility & Sleep
Q1: A nurse walks into a patient's room and finds them gasping for air with a high-pitched sound
on inspiration, clutching their throat. In the room next door, a patient is complaining of crushing
chest pain, and down the hall, a patient has wheezing. Following the ABC priority framework,
which patient should the nurse assess first?
A. The patient with crushing chest pain
B. The patient with wheezing
C. The patient with the high-pitched inspiratory sound (stridor) [CORRECT]
D. The nurse should call for help and assess all three simultaneously
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stridor indicates a severe, potentially life-threatening upper airway obstruction.
According to the ABCs, establishing and maintaining a patent airway is always the absolute first
priority before addressing breathing (wheezing) or circulation (chest pain).
Q2: A nurse is finishing discharge teaching for a patient going home on a new blood thinner.
Which response by the nurse best demonstrates the Teach-Back method?
A. "Do you understand everything we just went over?"
B. "Taking this pill prevents clots. Do you have any questions?" [CORRECT]
C. "Tell me in your own words how you are going to take this medication at home."
D. "Please read this pamphlet and sign the form at the bottom."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Teach-Back method is the gold standard because it asks the patient to explain or
demonstrate the information in their own words. Asking "do you understand?" often results in a
polite "yes" even if the patient is completely lost.
,Q3: Which of the following actions demonstrate correct body mechanics when lifting a heavy
box off the floor? Select all that apply.
A. Bending at the knees instead of the waist [CORRECT]
B. Keeping the load as far away from the body as possible to balance it
C. Maintaining a wide base of support by spreading the feet apart [CORRECT]
D. Twisting the torso to look where you are going to set the box down
E. Using the strong muscles of the legs to lift [CORRECT]
Correct Answer: A, C, E
Rationale: Safe lifting requires a wide base, bending at the knees, and using leg muscles. The
load should be kept close to the body to reduce strain on the back, and you should never twist
your spine while lifting; instead, move your feet to turn.
Q4: A nurse needs to help a patient who weighs 300 lbs move from the bed to a wheelchair. The
patient is cooperative but has severe leg weakness. What is the safest action for the nurse to take?
A. Stand the patient up quickly and pivot them to the wheelchair before they get dizzy.
B. Grab the patient under the axillae and pull them up toward the wheelchair.
C. Obtain a mechanical lift (like a Hoyer lift) and use it for the transfer. [CORRECT]
D. Ask a coworker to help so they can each grab an arm and pull the patient up.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulling a patient under the arms can cause severe shoulder dislocations or brachial
plexus injuries, and manual lifting of a 300 lb patient puts both the nurse and patient at extreme
risk for injury. A mechanical lift is the safest, most appropriate choice.
Q5: A patient is able to correctly list the common side effects of their new medication and
explain why they need to take it with food. Which domain of learning does this represent?
A. Affective
B. Psychomotor
C. Cognitive [CORRECT]
D. Kinesthetic
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cognitive domain involves intellectual activities like thinking, knowledge,
comprehension, and explaining facts. Because the patient is reciting information and explaining
the "why," this is a clear cognitive response.
Q6: A nurse is explaining the stages of sleep to a nursing student. Which stage is correctly
described as the deepest stage of sleep where the body repairs tissues and cell regeneration
occurs?
A. Stage 1 NREM
B. Stage 2 NREM
C. Stage 3 NREM [CORRECT]
D. REM sleep
, Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stage 3 NREM (formerly slow-wave sleep) is the deepest stage of sleep. It is highly
restorative, crucial for physical recovery, tissue repair, and immune function, and it is very
difficult to wake a person from this stage.
Q7: A post-operative patient is reluctant to use the incentive spirometer because it hurts their
incision. Using the ABC priority framework, which nursing intervention is the priority?
A. Administer the prescribed PRN pain medication and wait for relief. [CORRECT]
B. Explain that using the spirometer will prevent pneumonia and encourage them to try.
C. Document the patient's refusal and try again in 4 hours.
D. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises on the patient's arms and legs instead.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Managing pain (circulation/comfort) is secondary to ensuring the patient can
effectively breathe and prevent atelectasis/pneumonia. However, the patient is unlikely to take
deep breaths with uncontrolled pain. Addressing the pain first enables the patient to comply with
the breathing interventions.
Q8: A patient has been on strict bed rest for three days following a major surgery. Which
complications of immobility should the nurse monitor for? Select all that apply.
A. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) [CORRECT]
B. Skin breakdown over bony prominences [CORRECT]
C. Urinary stasis and renal calculi [CORRECT]
D. Increased muscle mass and strength
E. Hypertension due to increased venous return
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: Immobility slows blood flow (leading to DVT), causes constant pressure on the skin
(leading to breakdown), and slows the urinary system (leading to stasis and kidney stones). It
causes muscle atrophy, not increased mass, and it causes orthostatic hypotension due to blood
pooling, not hypertension.
Q9: The nurse is caring for several patients on a medical-surgical unit. Which patients require
transmission-based precautions? Select all that apply.
A. A patient with a positive Mantoux test and a productive cough (Tuberculosis) [CORRECT]
B. A patient with a fever, chills, and a severe cough with purulent sputum (Influenza)
[CORRECT]
C. A patient with a wound culture positive for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) [CORRECT]
D. A patient admitted for dehydration secondary to severe vomiting
E. A patient with a history of a heart attack who is now stable
Correct Answer: A, B, C
