DNA Replication
1. Helicase enzyme unwinds and
separates two strands of nucleotides
by breaking H-bonds.
2. Separated strands form a replication
fork. It is Y shaped
3. Single-strand binding proteins
(SSBs) attach to each strand to
prevent double bonds from
reforming.
4. RNA primase adds a complementary
RNA primer to each strand; this
serves as the starting point. [In
Eukaryotes, DNA polymerase α
(alpha) does the job]
5. DNA polymerase III reads the
template chain and adds new
complementary nucleotides in the
5' —> 3’ direction. [DNA polymerase
δ (delta) DNA polymerase ε (epsilon)
does the job in eukaryotes]
6. 3' - 5' template forms the leading
strand.
7. 5' - 3' template DNA cannot be
synthesized continuously. It forms
the lagging strand composed of
Okazaki fragments.
8. DNA polymerase I removes RNA
primers and replaces them with
DNA.
9. DNA Ligase joins Okazaki fragments
with phosphodiester bonds.
1. Helicase enzyme unwinds and
separates two strands of nucleotides
by breaking H-bonds.
2. Separated strands form a replication
fork. It is Y shaped
3. Single-strand binding proteins
(SSBs) attach to each strand to
prevent double bonds from
reforming.
4. RNA primase adds a complementary
RNA primer to each strand; this
serves as the starting point. [In
Eukaryotes, DNA polymerase α
(alpha) does the job]
5. DNA polymerase III reads the
template chain and adds new
complementary nucleotides in the
5' —> 3’ direction. [DNA polymerase
δ (delta) DNA polymerase ε (epsilon)
does the job in eukaryotes]
6. 3' - 5' template forms the leading
strand.
7. 5' - 3' template DNA cannot be
synthesized continuously. It forms
the lagging strand composed of
Okazaki fragments.
8. DNA polymerase I removes RNA
primers and replaces them with
DNA.
9. DNA Ligase joins Okazaki fragments
with phosphodiester bonds.
