Patho Exam 4 With Questions And Answers
Latest Update 2026
hyperpituitarism
hyper secretion of human growth
hormone (hGH) during growth
gigantism
y ears/before puberty
abnormally tall, proportional
not life threatening
hyperpituitarism
hyper secretion of human growth
hormone (hGH) during adulthood
acromegaly overgrowth of bones, thick eyelids,
deformation,
serious complications (cardiac
dysfunction), life-shortening
over secretion of human growth hormone
(hGH)
caused by tumors in pituitary gland
hyperpituitarism
glucose test, MRI, CT
lower hGH, remove tumor, surgery,
radiation
, insufficient levels of any of the hormones
produced by the pituitary
examples:
hGH: dwarfism (poor growth
and short height)
gonadotropin: amenorrhea,
infertility, low testosterone, loss
hypopituitarism
of facial hair
ACTH/TSH: generalized
caused by pituitary tumor, inflammation
of the hypothalamus, genetic mutation,
head injury
history, lab tests, MRI, cranial CT
monitor, remove tumor
diabetes insipidus kidneys can’t preserve enough water
insufficient vasopressin/ADH or
kidneys don’t respond to
vasopressin/ADH
tumor, head trauma, infection
polyuria, polydipsia, thirst, dehydration
signs
history, physical exam, urinalysis, blood
tests dehydration test, MRI
give ADH, increase fluid intake
thyroid gland enlarges when can’t secrete
enough thyroid hormone
inadequate iodine intake
enlarged lump in front of neck, difficulty
simple goiter
breathing and swallowing
blood tests, levels of T3 and T4 test,
thyroid scan
surgery, iodine, meds
Latest Update 2026
hyperpituitarism
hyper secretion of human growth
hormone (hGH) during growth
gigantism
y ears/before puberty
abnormally tall, proportional
not life threatening
hyperpituitarism
hyper secretion of human growth
hormone (hGH) during adulthood
acromegaly overgrowth of bones, thick eyelids,
deformation,
serious complications (cardiac
dysfunction), life-shortening
over secretion of human growth hormone
(hGH)
caused by tumors in pituitary gland
hyperpituitarism
glucose test, MRI, CT
lower hGH, remove tumor, surgery,
radiation
, insufficient levels of any of the hormones
produced by the pituitary
examples:
hGH: dwarfism (poor growth
and short height)
gonadotropin: amenorrhea,
infertility, low testosterone, loss
hypopituitarism
of facial hair
ACTH/TSH: generalized
caused by pituitary tumor, inflammation
of the hypothalamus, genetic mutation,
head injury
history, lab tests, MRI, cranial CT
monitor, remove tumor
diabetes insipidus kidneys can’t preserve enough water
insufficient vasopressin/ADH or
kidneys don’t respond to
vasopressin/ADH
tumor, head trauma, infection
polyuria, polydipsia, thirst, dehydration
signs
history, physical exam, urinalysis, blood
tests dehydration test, MRI
give ADH, increase fluid intake
thyroid gland enlarges when can’t secrete
enough thyroid hormone
inadequate iodine intake
enlarged lump in front of neck, difficulty
simple goiter
breathing and swallowing
blood tests, levels of T3 and T4 test,
thyroid scan
surgery, iodine, meds
