MIAMI DADE COLLEGE EXAMINATION SET 2026
INTEGRATED NURSING ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, ELECTROLYTES, AND FLUID
BALANCE HOMEOSTASIS
FINAL SPRING EXAMINATION SET| HIGHER GRADE
SCORING A+
The body fluids constituting the interstitial fluid and blood plasma are:
1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Intracellular
4. Extracellular
ANS: 4
Extracellular fluid is all the fluid outside of the cell and has three compartments.
Mrs. Green's arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH, 7.32; PaCO2, 52 mm Hg; PaO2, 78 mm
Hg; HCO3, 24 mEq/L. Mrs. Green has:
1. Metabolic acidosis
2. Metabolic alkalosis
3. Respiratory acidosis
4. Respiratory alkalosis
ANS: 3
A combination of increased PaCO2, excess carbonic acid, and an increased hydrogen ion
concentration
,Mr. Frank is an 82-year-old patient who has had a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea. Which
symptom would you expect to find on a physical examination?
1. Tachycardia
2. Hypertension
3. Neck vein distention
4. Crackles in the lungs
ANS: 1
Any condition that results in the loss of GI fluids predisposes the patient to the development of
dehydration and a variety of electrolyte disturbances.
Select all the related causes for a patient to experience respiratory alkalosis. (Select all that
apply.)
1. Steroid use
2. Fad dieting
3. Hyperventilation
4. Chronic alcoholism
5. Hypoxemia
6. Stress
ANS: 3 , 5 , 6
Deficient carbonic acid resulting in alveolar hyperventilation
When delegating I&O measurement to assistive personnel, the nurse instructs them to record
what information for ice chips?
, 1. Two-thirds of the volume
2. One-half of the volume
3. One-quarter of the volume
4. Two times the volume
ANS: 2
What assessments does a nurse make before hanging an IV fluid that contains potassium?
(Select all that apply.)
1. Urine output
2. ABGS
3. Fullness of neck veins
4. Serum potassium laboratory value in EHR
5. Level of consciousness
ANS: 1, 4
A patient has hypokalemia with stable cardiac function. What are the priority nursing
interventions? (Select all that apply.)
1. Fall prevention interventions
2. Teaching regarding sodium restriction
3. Encouraging increased fluid intake
4. Monitoring for constipation
5. Explaining how to take daily weights
ANS: 1, 4
INTEGRATED NURSING ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, ELECTROLYTES, AND FLUID
BALANCE HOMEOSTASIS
FINAL SPRING EXAMINATION SET| HIGHER GRADE
SCORING A+
The body fluids constituting the interstitial fluid and blood plasma are:
1. Hypotonic
2. Hypertonic
3. Intracellular
4. Extracellular
ANS: 4
Extracellular fluid is all the fluid outside of the cell and has three compartments.
Mrs. Green's arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH, 7.32; PaCO2, 52 mm Hg; PaO2, 78 mm
Hg; HCO3, 24 mEq/L. Mrs. Green has:
1. Metabolic acidosis
2. Metabolic alkalosis
3. Respiratory acidosis
4. Respiratory alkalosis
ANS: 3
A combination of increased PaCO2, excess carbonic acid, and an increased hydrogen ion
concentration
,Mr. Frank is an 82-year-old patient who has had a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea. Which
symptom would you expect to find on a physical examination?
1. Tachycardia
2. Hypertension
3. Neck vein distention
4. Crackles in the lungs
ANS: 1
Any condition that results in the loss of GI fluids predisposes the patient to the development of
dehydration and a variety of electrolyte disturbances.
Select all the related causes for a patient to experience respiratory alkalosis. (Select all that
apply.)
1. Steroid use
2. Fad dieting
3. Hyperventilation
4. Chronic alcoholism
5. Hypoxemia
6. Stress
ANS: 3 , 5 , 6
Deficient carbonic acid resulting in alveolar hyperventilation
When delegating I&O measurement to assistive personnel, the nurse instructs them to record
what information for ice chips?
, 1. Two-thirds of the volume
2. One-half of the volume
3. One-quarter of the volume
4. Two times the volume
ANS: 2
What assessments does a nurse make before hanging an IV fluid that contains potassium?
(Select all that apply.)
1. Urine output
2. ABGS
3. Fullness of neck veins
4. Serum potassium laboratory value in EHR
5. Level of consciousness
ANS: 1, 4
A patient has hypokalemia with stable cardiac function. What are the priority nursing
interventions? (Select all that apply.)
1. Fall prevention interventions
2. Teaching regarding sodium restriction
3. Encouraging increased fluid intake
4. Monitoring for constipation
5. Explaining how to take daily weights
ANS: 1, 4
