Test Bank for Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice 4th Edition by Janie Butts & Karen Rich - Complete Elaborated & Latest Test Bank. ALL Chapters(1-26)Included & Updated

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Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Science: An Introduction j j j j j j j




1. Whyare natural sciences also referred to as ―pure‖ sciences?
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A. Theyjarejconsideredjstand-alonejbodiesjofjuniquejknowledge.
B. They are the onlysciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
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C. Theyare the original sciences upon which all others are based.
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D. They are not affected by subjectivityin the wayother sciences are.
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Ans: A

2. Whichis not an exampleof an applied science as used in health care today?
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A. Social work ssss



B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care disparities ssss ssss ssss



D. Pathology

Ans: x j
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3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge
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in the world. As a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the
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experiments she
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performs and does consider herself merely a disconnected observer of
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phenomenon. Roberta’s
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closTelEySrT
efB
leA
ctN
ivKeSofEw
LhLicEhRs.chCoOolMof scientific thought?

A. NaturalScience ss



ssss B.HumanjScienc
e
C. AppliedScience ss



D. SoftScience

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4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
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A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order ssss ssss ssss ssss ss ss ssss ss ss ssss ssss ssss ssss



to meet some type of human need.
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B. Examination of the decisions made bya scientist to understand the ssss ss ss ss ssss ssss ss ssss ssss ssss ss ss



ways in which subjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
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C. Reproduciblejexperimentaljresultsjthatjdojnotjtakejresearcherjindividualityjintojaccount.
D. Improvingthe situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate results ss ssss ss ssss ssss sss ssss ssss ssss sss ssss ssss

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inrepeatexperiments.
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Ans: C
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5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
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A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding ssss ssss ssss ssss ssss ssss



byuncovering the common subjective biases of different disciplines.
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B. Improvement of the quality of life byunderstanding what helps people ssss ssss ssss ssss ssss sss ssss ss ss ssss



maximize their functional abilities.
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C. Utilization of knowledge byapplyingit to a specific purpose in order to better asituation
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or change viewpoints.
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D. Developmentjofjknowledgejforjthejsakejofjdevelopingjknowledge, x ssss



discoveringtruth,
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Ans: D

6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their
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supervisor has asked both of them to perform the same experiment using the
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same procedure and equipment.
ssss After they’ve both completed their task, the
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compare their results and discover that they are nearly identical. Which of the
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five criteria for science does Gretchen and Peter’s discovery exemplify?
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A. Intersubjectivejtestability
B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision ssss ssss



D. Coherence

Ans: A TESTBANKSELLER.COM
7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
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A. Thinking for the sake of thinking. ssss sss ssss ss ss ssss



B. Utilization of process and ssss ss ssss



outcome. C. jofjwholenessjandjholism.
Demarcation
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D. Application of epistemology and ontology.
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Ans: C

8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated bypast experiences is an example of which source
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of knowledge?
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A. Doctrine
B. Common sense ss ss



C. Tradition
D. Authorit

y Ans: ssss




s s s s C