PSYCH 111 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Who is generally considered the father of psychology and was responsible for defining
psychology as a separate field which could be studied using the scientific methods? -
Answers - Wilhem Wundt
Jerry sees the big picture when he looks at things. He is a musician and has a hard time
understanding the value of a specific note without considering the entire melody. Which
psychological movement would best describe his view of things? - Answers - Gestalt
Psychology
Who was the first African American to earn a PhD in Psychology? - Answers - Francis
Cecil Sumner
This psychologist started as a medical doctor but began to study the mind and how it
might relate to problems which can't be explained by neural phenomenon - Answers -
Sigmund Freud
The Psychological perspective focuses on personal agency and is especially compatible
with the Latter-day-saint conception of eternal progression - Answers - Humanistic
In a test to determine whether someone has COVID-19, Charlie didn't have the
coronavirus, but the test concluded that he did. What type of error was this? - Answers -
Type 1 error
According to Karl Popper, scientific claims should be falsifiable or testable. Which of the
following claims is falsifiable - Answers - death valley is the driest location in the United
States
A good theory includes - Answers - an accurate explanation of a real life phenomenon,
a simple explanation, a useful application to real world issues and a positive contribution
to current research
Steven wants to examine whether poeple's test scores are related to how much physical
activity they do. The null hypothesis in this scenerio would be: - Answers - test scores
have no relation to how much people exercise
Steven knows that in reality, test scores increase when people engage in more physical
exercise. Which of the following would be a type II error? - Answers - steven's statistical
results suggest that the relationship between physical exercise and test scores does not
exist, even though in reality it does
Jonathan signed up to participate in a research study. If this study follows the codes of
ethics, then one of the first things to happen is that the study should be explained to him
and he should be allowed to know what is going to happen to him during the study. That
, way jonathan can make the decision to willingly complete the study prior to data
collection beginning. This process of making sure that he understands the purpose of
the study and the roles that both he and the researchers will play sounds most like
which of the guidelines in the code of ethics? - Answers - informed consent
according to the reading, which of the following is "at the core of science"? - Answers -
observing the world in a systematic and organized way
Which of the following is true of ethical use of deception in psychological research? -
Answers - researchers are required to educate participants about the true nature of the
study after it is over
Jill is a new research assistant in Dr. Hendrick's psychology lab. She explains to jill that
all of her research studies incorporate the idea that we do not know everything, and that
we should rely on the best information and arguments to build our conclusions. Jill
learns that science is a process of learning through having open discussions and
debates, and using the best data to decide which competing theory will win. This
sounds MOST like which of the essential elements of science? - Answers - science is
democratic
Jeremy is conducting a study that examines the pain associated with muscel cramps in
different parts of the body. He brings in Blake and explains that he will be giving Blake a
strong shock to his leg, and gets Blake's informed consent. Then he hooks Blake up to
electrodes on his lower leg and turns up the voltage as high as it will go. Blake grimaces
and tense up in excruciating pain. Jeremy lets it continue for 30 seconds and turns it off
just before Blake passes out. When the study is done, Jeremey explains that the study
is more out of curiosity and that there are no directly positive impacts that will likely
come from this knowledge. it sounds like he is not following which of the following
ethical guidelines? - Answers - benefits should outweigh the risks
Your research question is whether giving someone a hug before they take a test
improves test scores. In this study, which would be the dependent variable? - Answers -
the test scores
If I want to know whether there is a relationship between the average amount of sleep
someone gets and her/his GPA, which type of study would probably be the most
straightforward and probably require the least resources to conduct? - Answers -
correlational
Researchers wanted to know if violent media causes children to become more
aggressive. They showed children a cartoon with violent acts and then watched the
children play with toys. The researchers measured how many ties the children hit a doll
in the playroom. Children shown the cartoon hit the doll more than children who did not
watch the cartoon. Which of the following is the operational definition of aggression in
this study? - Answers - the number of times a child hits a doll
Who is generally considered the father of psychology and was responsible for defining
psychology as a separate field which could be studied using the scientific methods? -
Answers - Wilhem Wundt
Jerry sees the big picture when he looks at things. He is a musician and has a hard time
understanding the value of a specific note without considering the entire melody. Which
psychological movement would best describe his view of things? - Answers - Gestalt
Psychology
Who was the first African American to earn a PhD in Psychology? - Answers - Francis
Cecil Sumner
This psychologist started as a medical doctor but began to study the mind and how it
might relate to problems which can't be explained by neural phenomenon - Answers -
Sigmund Freud
The Psychological perspective focuses on personal agency and is especially compatible
with the Latter-day-saint conception of eternal progression - Answers - Humanistic
In a test to determine whether someone has COVID-19, Charlie didn't have the
coronavirus, but the test concluded that he did. What type of error was this? - Answers -
Type 1 error
According to Karl Popper, scientific claims should be falsifiable or testable. Which of the
following claims is falsifiable - Answers - death valley is the driest location in the United
States
A good theory includes - Answers - an accurate explanation of a real life phenomenon,
a simple explanation, a useful application to real world issues and a positive contribution
to current research
Steven wants to examine whether poeple's test scores are related to how much physical
activity they do. The null hypothesis in this scenerio would be: - Answers - test scores
have no relation to how much people exercise
Steven knows that in reality, test scores increase when people engage in more physical
exercise. Which of the following would be a type II error? - Answers - steven's statistical
results suggest that the relationship between physical exercise and test scores does not
exist, even though in reality it does
Jonathan signed up to participate in a research study. If this study follows the codes of
ethics, then one of the first things to happen is that the study should be explained to him
and he should be allowed to know what is going to happen to him during the study. That
, way jonathan can make the decision to willingly complete the study prior to data
collection beginning. This process of making sure that he understands the purpose of
the study and the roles that both he and the researchers will play sounds most like
which of the guidelines in the code of ethics? - Answers - informed consent
according to the reading, which of the following is "at the core of science"? - Answers -
observing the world in a systematic and organized way
Which of the following is true of ethical use of deception in psychological research? -
Answers - researchers are required to educate participants about the true nature of the
study after it is over
Jill is a new research assistant in Dr. Hendrick's psychology lab. She explains to jill that
all of her research studies incorporate the idea that we do not know everything, and that
we should rely on the best information and arguments to build our conclusions. Jill
learns that science is a process of learning through having open discussions and
debates, and using the best data to decide which competing theory will win. This
sounds MOST like which of the essential elements of science? - Answers - science is
democratic
Jeremy is conducting a study that examines the pain associated with muscel cramps in
different parts of the body. He brings in Blake and explains that he will be giving Blake a
strong shock to his leg, and gets Blake's informed consent. Then he hooks Blake up to
electrodes on his lower leg and turns up the voltage as high as it will go. Blake grimaces
and tense up in excruciating pain. Jeremy lets it continue for 30 seconds and turns it off
just before Blake passes out. When the study is done, Jeremey explains that the study
is more out of curiosity and that there are no directly positive impacts that will likely
come from this knowledge. it sounds like he is not following which of the following
ethical guidelines? - Answers - benefits should outweigh the risks
Your research question is whether giving someone a hug before they take a test
improves test scores. In this study, which would be the dependent variable? - Answers -
the test scores
If I want to know whether there is a relationship between the average amount of sleep
someone gets and her/his GPA, which type of study would probably be the most
straightforward and probably require the least resources to conduct? - Answers -
correlational
Researchers wanted to know if violent media causes children to become more
aggressive. They showed children a cartoon with violent acts and then watched the
children play with toys. The researchers measured how many ties the children hit a doll
in the playroom. Children shown the cartoon hit the doll more than children who did not
watch the cartoon. Which of the following is the operational definition of aggression in
this study? - Answers - the number of times a child hits a doll
