PSYCH 111 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Which person would be least likely to learn well? - Answers - An individual who has
anxiety about their ability to learn a topic
David and Hunter are both learning how to sew. There are more students than sewing
machines in the class, so while David gets to learn to sew using a machine, Hunter is
told to watch the other machines closely and write down the steps of operation. At the
end of the day, each student is given a written quiz on how to operate a sewing
machine. Which student will do better and why? - Answers - Hunter, because the steps
he took to learn the information more closely match the quiz format.
Kylie has watched "The Princess Bride" over ten times throughout her life. She hadn't
intended to learn anything while watching the movie, but one day, she and her friends
realize that they can quote the whole movie without much effort. This is an example of: -
Answers - Implicit learning
Which of the following examples sounds the MOST like an example of habituation? -
Answers - Minnie is a 5-month-old who is participating in a learning study. She is
watching a video with the same face over and over saying the same thing. After a while,
she is responding less because the sensory information she is repeatedly exposed to is
unchanging
Holly is a taking Psychology 111 class and reads about the concept of metacognition.
Her teacher asks her to think of an example to describe this concept to the other
students in class. Holly is very bright and is most likely to give which of the following
examples to describe metacognition? - Answers - My roommate Marlie is one of the
smartest people I know because she has really good skills at assessing and controlling
how she learns and memorizes things, both in class and outside of class.
Nancy is trying to teach her 5-year-old daughter Lucy how to spread jam on toast with a
butter knife. She shows Lucy over and over and Lucy never seems to get any better at
it. According to Bandura's theory, which of the following reasons would BEST explain
why Lucy is struggling so much to learn how to spread the jam on her toast? - Answers
- Lucy cannot retain the memory of how to hold the knife correctly or how much jam to
get on the knife
In operant conditioning, a behavior is associated with the occurrence of a significant
event. For example, Minnie (a certain mouse who likes polka dots) learns that if she
presses a lever, food will appear. The food is considered a ________ because it
increases the likelihood that Minnie will press the lever again. - Answers - Reinforcer
When Daniel has good behavior at school, he is given a gold star as a reward. The gold
star is an example of a: - Answers - positive reinforcer
,When Alice's parents found out she lied to them, they got upset and took away her
phone for a week. Alice's parents utilized... - Answers - punishment by removal
Momagon was able to learn how to destroy buildings by watching YouTube videos on
the topic. Her ability to learn this complex motor task without having to be rewarded is
an example of... - Answers - observational learning
Ariel is on Jeopardy! She is doing the final question and needs to know the definition of
the word "bamboozle" to win. Recalling the definition of bamboozle like this is MOST
likely an example of which type of memory? - Answers - Semantic memory
Bobby has been having memory problems over the past several weeks since being in a
sledding accident. He can remember events that occurred before the accident, but he
isn't able to learn new material that he is studying in class. His doctor suspects that a
new pain medication Bobby has been taking (to deal with lingering head pain from the
accident) has made it difficult for his neurons to change and adapt when new
information is brought into his brain. If his doctor is correct, with which memory stage is
Bobby having difficulty? - Answers - storage
Josh is very proud of where he grew up (Randolph, Utah). When asked about his
hometown, he always describes his favorite family activities in the town square. Which
of the following types of memory does Josh call upon to share this information? -
Answers - episodic memory
Isabel was studying for her finals and needs to figure out an effective way to remember
a lot of information on her upcoming religion exam. She decides that the best way of
doing this will be to utilize a strategy that helps her remember the order of the 10
commandments by using rhyming aids to help her remember and be able to retrieve the
information using these cues. She comes up with the rhyming scheme (one-sun, two-
shoe, three-tree, four-door, five-alive, six-sticks, seven-heaven, eight-gate, nine-line,
and ten-hen) to help her remember the order of the commandments. For example, four-
door means the door of the chapel (it reminds her to keep the Sabbath day holy), and
six-sticks means don't use sticks to hurt others (thou shalt not kill), and eight-gate
means a steel gate (thou shalt not steal). What strategy is Isabel using to improve her
memory for the religion exam? - Answers - mnemonic devices
Buddy was given the following string of numbers: 4-8-1-5-1-6. A few seconds later,
Buddy is asked to repeat the numbers, but in reverse order! Which memory system
would Buddy need to use if he was asked to repeat the numbers in reverse order? -
Answers - Working memory
An eyewitness sees a man who was wearing no glasses rob a store. In an interview, the
police ask him, "what style of glasses was the man wearing when he robbed the store?"
The eyewitness later remembers the man to be wearing glasses. Which term BEST
describes this phenomenon? - Answers - the misinformation effect
, After a trip to the grocery store, you remember there being apples in the produce
section even though the produce section did not contain apples. This is because you
were relying on _____ to create your memory. - Answers - Schemata
Stevie is a participant in a memory study. The research protocol that he is exposed to
ends up leading Stevie to have a memory about something that was never real because
it was implanted through the manipulation of the experimental procedures. When a
memory like this is completely and unconsciously fabricated, the BEST term to describe
this is: - Answers - false memory
A group of mock witnesses is selected for a study on eyewitness memory. Trina is one
of the mock witnesses and watches a video of a staged crime taking place. Due to low
lighting in the video it is difficult to see the criminal very well, but Trina is able to pick out
some details of the criminal in the video anyway. The next step in the study is to have
Trina and other mock witnesses choose the criminal from a grouping of pictures of
different people, including the criminal. What is Trina doing in this step in the study? -
Answers - Looking at photo spreads
Identifying the correct perpetrator in a lineup of possible perpetrators is not always easy.
It can be influenced for the positive or negative by many factors. According to research,
which of the following reasons would MOST likely help the witness correctly identify the
perpetrator? - Answers - Using fair lineups in which no one in the line up sticks out and
they all match the description given by eyewitnesses
According to the reading, what did Freud contribute to the theory of consciousness? -
Answers - Even when we are awake, some things in our brains are not available to our
conscious mind
Which of the following involves a state of high awareness? - Answers - mindfulness
meditation
Kendall's psychiatrist prescribes a drug which increases the amount of dopamine in
brain synapses. Which type of drug is this? - Answers - stimulant
Keisha was studying earlier but after pulling a late night studying, she is asleep on her
couch. She is in Stage N3 of her sleep cycle. Based on what you know about sleep
stages, which type of brain waves are MOST prevalent in her current stage of sleep? -
Answers - delta
Snow White has a very tired friend named Sleepy. He is always yawning and is the
most exhausted of the seven dwarfs every time she hangs out with them. Snow White is
taking Psych 111 this semester and finally tells Sleepy that he may have an issue with
having too much of one of his hormones being released at high levels, causing him to
always be sleepy. Based on what you know about hormones, which of the following is
MOST likely the hormone that Snow White mentioned to Sleepy? - Answers - melatonin
Which person would be least likely to learn well? - Answers - An individual who has
anxiety about their ability to learn a topic
David and Hunter are both learning how to sew. There are more students than sewing
machines in the class, so while David gets to learn to sew using a machine, Hunter is
told to watch the other machines closely and write down the steps of operation. At the
end of the day, each student is given a written quiz on how to operate a sewing
machine. Which student will do better and why? - Answers - Hunter, because the steps
he took to learn the information more closely match the quiz format.
Kylie has watched "The Princess Bride" over ten times throughout her life. She hadn't
intended to learn anything while watching the movie, but one day, she and her friends
realize that they can quote the whole movie without much effort. This is an example of: -
Answers - Implicit learning
Which of the following examples sounds the MOST like an example of habituation? -
Answers - Minnie is a 5-month-old who is participating in a learning study. She is
watching a video with the same face over and over saying the same thing. After a while,
she is responding less because the sensory information she is repeatedly exposed to is
unchanging
Holly is a taking Psychology 111 class and reads about the concept of metacognition.
Her teacher asks her to think of an example to describe this concept to the other
students in class. Holly is very bright and is most likely to give which of the following
examples to describe metacognition? - Answers - My roommate Marlie is one of the
smartest people I know because she has really good skills at assessing and controlling
how she learns and memorizes things, both in class and outside of class.
Nancy is trying to teach her 5-year-old daughter Lucy how to spread jam on toast with a
butter knife. She shows Lucy over and over and Lucy never seems to get any better at
it. According to Bandura's theory, which of the following reasons would BEST explain
why Lucy is struggling so much to learn how to spread the jam on her toast? - Answers
- Lucy cannot retain the memory of how to hold the knife correctly or how much jam to
get on the knife
In operant conditioning, a behavior is associated with the occurrence of a significant
event. For example, Minnie (a certain mouse who likes polka dots) learns that if she
presses a lever, food will appear. The food is considered a ________ because it
increases the likelihood that Minnie will press the lever again. - Answers - Reinforcer
When Daniel has good behavior at school, he is given a gold star as a reward. The gold
star is an example of a: - Answers - positive reinforcer
,When Alice's parents found out she lied to them, they got upset and took away her
phone for a week. Alice's parents utilized... - Answers - punishment by removal
Momagon was able to learn how to destroy buildings by watching YouTube videos on
the topic. Her ability to learn this complex motor task without having to be rewarded is
an example of... - Answers - observational learning
Ariel is on Jeopardy! She is doing the final question and needs to know the definition of
the word "bamboozle" to win. Recalling the definition of bamboozle like this is MOST
likely an example of which type of memory? - Answers - Semantic memory
Bobby has been having memory problems over the past several weeks since being in a
sledding accident. He can remember events that occurred before the accident, but he
isn't able to learn new material that he is studying in class. His doctor suspects that a
new pain medication Bobby has been taking (to deal with lingering head pain from the
accident) has made it difficult for his neurons to change and adapt when new
information is brought into his brain. If his doctor is correct, with which memory stage is
Bobby having difficulty? - Answers - storage
Josh is very proud of where he grew up (Randolph, Utah). When asked about his
hometown, he always describes his favorite family activities in the town square. Which
of the following types of memory does Josh call upon to share this information? -
Answers - episodic memory
Isabel was studying for her finals and needs to figure out an effective way to remember
a lot of information on her upcoming religion exam. She decides that the best way of
doing this will be to utilize a strategy that helps her remember the order of the 10
commandments by using rhyming aids to help her remember and be able to retrieve the
information using these cues. She comes up with the rhyming scheme (one-sun, two-
shoe, three-tree, four-door, five-alive, six-sticks, seven-heaven, eight-gate, nine-line,
and ten-hen) to help her remember the order of the commandments. For example, four-
door means the door of the chapel (it reminds her to keep the Sabbath day holy), and
six-sticks means don't use sticks to hurt others (thou shalt not kill), and eight-gate
means a steel gate (thou shalt not steal). What strategy is Isabel using to improve her
memory for the religion exam? - Answers - mnemonic devices
Buddy was given the following string of numbers: 4-8-1-5-1-6. A few seconds later,
Buddy is asked to repeat the numbers, but in reverse order! Which memory system
would Buddy need to use if he was asked to repeat the numbers in reverse order? -
Answers - Working memory
An eyewitness sees a man who was wearing no glasses rob a store. In an interview, the
police ask him, "what style of glasses was the man wearing when he robbed the store?"
The eyewitness later remembers the man to be wearing glasses. Which term BEST
describes this phenomenon? - Answers - the misinformation effect
, After a trip to the grocery store, you remember there being apples in the produce
section even though the produce section did not contain apples. This is because you
were relying on _____ to create your memory. - Answers - Schemata
Stevie is a participant in a memory study. The research protocol that he is exposed to
ends up leading Stevie to have a memory about something that was never real because
it was implanted through the manipulation of the experimental procedures. When a
memory like this is completely and unconsciously fabricated, the BEST term to describe
this is: - Answers - false memory
A group of mock witnesses is selected for a study on eyewitness memory. Trina is one
of the mock witnesses and watches a video of a staged crime taking place. Due to low
lighting in the video it is difficult to see the criminal very well, but Trina is able to pick out
some details of the criminal in the video anyway. The next step in the study is to have
Trina and other mock witnesses choose the criminal from a grouping of pictures of
different people, including the criminal. What is Trina doing in this step in the study? -
Answers - Looking at photo spreads
Identifying the correct perpetrator in a lineup of possible perpetrators is not always easy.
It can be influenced for the positive or negative by many factors. According to research,
which of the following reasons would MOST likely help the witness correctly identify the
perpetrator? - Answers - Using fair lineups in which no one in the line up sticks out and
they all match the description given by eyewitnesses
According to the reading, what did Freud contribute to the theory of consciousness? -
Answers - Even when we are awake, some things in our brains are not available to our
conscious mind
Which of the following involves a state of high awareness? - Answers - mindfulness
meditation
Kendall's psychiatrist prescribes a drug which increases the amount of dopamine in
brain synapses. Which type of drug is this? - Answers - stimulant
Keisha was studying earlier but after pulling a late night studying, she is asleep on her
couch. She is in Stage N3 of her sleep cycle. Based on what you know about sleep
stages, which type of brain waves are MOST prevalent in her current stage of sleep? -
Answers - delta
Snow White has a very tired friend named Sleepy. He is always yawning and is the
most exhausted of the seven dwarfs every time she hangs out with them. Snow White is
taking Psych 111 this semester and finally tells Sleepy that he may have an issue with
having too much of one of his hormones being released at high levels, causing him to
always be sleepy. Based on what you know about hormones, which of the following is
MOST likely the hormone that Snow White mentioned to Sleepy? - Answers - melatonin
