questions with complete solutions8
paralanguage - ANSWERS-how something is said rather than the content
proxemics - ANSWERS-the influence of proximity and space on communication
Kinesics - ANSWERS-the study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication
object language or material culture - ANSWERS-the manner in which people communicate
through material artifacts such as architecture, office design, furniture, clothing, cosmetics, and
cars.
monochronic cultures - ANSWERS-people tend to do one thing at a time. western ideology, time
is experienced in a linear way
polychronic cultures - ANSWERS-people accomplish many different things at once
forms of nonverbal communication - ANSWERS-kinesics, proxemics, body contact, object
language, paralanguage, attitude towards time, color symbolism, food symbolism
high contect cultures - ANSWERS-feelings and thoughts are not fully expressed, reading
between the lines to interpret meaning. areas with high context cultures include asia, middle
east and africa
, low context cultures - ANSWERS-Personal and business relationships are more
compartmentalized, communication has to be more explicit. Feelings and thoughts are
expressed in words. ex: america, germany
types of information systems (formal and informal) - ANSWERS-top managers, bottom up
decision making, employees drinking together
Attribution - ANSWERS-process by which people look for an explanation of another person's
behavior. when they do not understand they tend to blame their confusion on the other's
stupidity.
cultural noise - ANSWERS-cultural variables that undermine the communication of the intended
meaning
Careful encoding - ANSWERS-Use words, pictures, and gestures
Avoid slang, idioms, regional sayings
selective transmission - ANSWERS-Build relationships, face-to-face if possible
Careful decoding of feedback - ANSWERS-Get feedback from multiple parties.
Improve listening and observation skills.
Self-Reference Criterion (SRC) - ANSWERS-people often use their own culture as a reference
point, interpretating other cultures through their own cultural lens
Parochialism - ANSWERS-expecting others to behave according to your own cultural norms
without adapting to local customs
Ethnocentrism - ANSWERS-Belief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.