Pathophysiology
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1. A 44-year-old woman has "It would be helpful for you to take control of your diet, sleep
sought care for the treat- schedule, and stress levels."
ment of headaches that
have been increasing in
severity and frequency and
has been subsequently di-
agnosed with migraines.
Which of the following
teaching points should her
care provider emphasize?
2. A client with a surgi- Ask the health care provider about surgical options to remove the
cal wound has developed excess tissue and promote wound healing. ~Rationale: During the
excessive granulation tis- proliferative phase of healing, excessive granulation tissue, some-
sue extending above the times referred to as "proud flesh," may form and extend above
wound edges. Which ac- the edges of the wound, preventing reepithelialization. The nurse
tion should the nurse take? should inquire about surgical removal or chemical cauterization to
allow healing to proceed. This is not necrotic tissue and would not
be responsive to debridement via wet-to-dry dressings. This tissue
differs from keloids, which is an overgrowth of scar tissue (rather
than granulation tissue) and is not caused by a dry wound bed.
3. A family brings their elder- Atherosclerotic lesions in cerebral vessels
ly mom to the emergency
department. The client had
a short period of time
where she was confused,
had slurred speech and ap-
peared to have a weak
arm. Now she is back to
her normal self. Suspect-
ing a transient ischemic at-
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Pathophysiology
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tacks (TIAs), the health care
provider will order diag-
nostic testing looking for:
4. A 5-year-old child is expe- "This is what we call a type I hypersensitivity reaction and usually
riencing itchy, watery eyes occurs a few minutes after exposure to his allergen. It is primarily
and an increased respira- caused by mast cells in his body."
tory rate with some in-
spiratory wheezes. He has
been outside playing in the
yard and trees. The moth-
er asks, "Why does he get
like this?" The health care
worker's best response is:
5. The effector cells of the im- Eliminating the antigens
mune system have the pri-
mary function of:
6. A high school senior sus- Headaches and memory lapses
tained a concussion dur-
ing a football game. Which
of the following signs and
symptoms would indicate
the presence of postcon-
cussion syndrome in the
days and weeks following
his injury?
7. The cells that mediate hu- Antibodies
moral immunity do so be-
cause they are capable of
producing:
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Pathophysiology
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8. Innate immunity, also Microbes
called natural or native im-
munity, consists of mecha-
nisms that respond specifi-
cally to:
9. The nurse caring for a pop- Tuberculosis
ulation of HIV clients needs
to be assessing for which
of the following diseases
that amounts to the lead-
ing cause of death for peo-
ple with HIV?
10. The family of a multi- 3 answers:
ple sclerosis client asks, 1. Inattentiveness
"What psychological man-
ifestations may we expect 2. Depression
to see in our mother?"
3.Forgetfulness
The health care provider
informs them to expect
which of the following? Se-
lect all that apply.
11. The intracranial volume Cerebrospinal fluid
that is most capable of
compensating for increas-
ing intracranial pressure is
the:
12. A client's primary care Introduction of monoclonal antibodies to a blood sample from the
provider has ordered di- client
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