NURS 345 Exam 2 Latest Questions
with All Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
infant's understanding of illness - Answer -unaware of effects but senses parent distress
infant responses to hospitalization - Answer -Sleep-wake cycles disrupted
-Feeding routines disrupted
-Displays excessive irritability
-Separation anxiety -starting about 9 months
what helps relieve the separation anxiety for infants and toddlers - Answer consistency of
nursing care, providers
toddler and pre-schooler's understanding of illness - Answer -understanding of cause and
effect is not fully developed
-have a general concept of body
-beginning to understand the concept of safety and germs
toddler responses to hospitalizations - Answer -Frightened to lie supine
-Associates pain with punishment
-Does not understand why parents will not help him
preschoolers responses to hospitalization - Answer -fear ghosts, monsters, body parts
leaking out, tubes are permanent
-may perceive it and illness as punishment
-want to play-- allow because it reduces stress
school age understanding of body - Answer -maturing
-younger: internal body contains heart and bones
-older: better understanding of body
school age responses to hospitalizations - Answer -increased sensitivity to environment (hear
everything)
-demonstrate detailed recall of events from hospitalizations later on
,adolescents understanding of illness - Answer -more aware of physical, psychological, and
behavioral causes of illness and injury
-younger: can describe location and function of major organs
-older: perceives effects of illness and injury on appearance
adolescents responses to hospitalizations - Answer -denial
-regression (in development)
-withdrawal (especially with a history of repeated hospitalizations)
-intellectualization
-projections
-displacement
at what age can a child swallow a pill - Answer generally around 5
oral medications and children - Answer -if they cant swallow a pill, check with pharmacy to
see how to/if you can crush it and mix it with something
-mix with very sweet foods, not applesauce
-child should be in an upright position
rectal medications and children - Answer -children have small colons so use the smallest
finger and see if you can cut it in half lengthwise to thin it
-use lubrication
-hold buttocks together for a few minutes afterwards (especially in infants)
opthalmic medications and children - Answer -explain the process and hold their head in the
correct position
-warm it to room temperature
topical medications and children - Answer Infants' skin is very thin so it will absorb very
easily→ be very careful to use the correct dose
IM medications and children - Answer -infants and younger: vastis lateralis
-can use the deltoid once it develops enough muscle (usually around 18 months)
-25 gauge
IV medications and children - Answer -their veins are so small and fragile we preserve the
line until it falls out
, -infants: hands, feet, scalp
-older children: don't put it in their dominate hand if you can help it
infants preparation for procedures - Answer -tell them just before and be completely ready
to start the procedure right after
-want to make sure they are immobilized, but it shouldn't be the parents job
toddlers preparation for procedures - Answer -tell them just before and be completely ready
to start the procedure right after
-immobilize them; allow them to scream and cry and the comfort them afterwards
-provide rewards
preschoolers preparation for procedures - Answer -tell them just before and be completely
ready to start the procedure right after
-provide a brief explanation
-respond well to distractions
-provide rewards
school-age children preparation for procedures - Answer -still don't want to tell them far in
advance
-don't give them the option of if they want to do if, but allow some time to relax
-they sometimes like to be in control and don't want anyone holding them down
-provide rewards
adolescents preparation for procedures - Answer -may want a verbal or written explanation
-teach the use of distraction or imagery
-explore their concerns and answer questions
-often want to know their results and when they'll be ready
purpose of pre-op - Answer to reduce fear, stress, and anxiety
pre-op period - Answer -reduce fear and anxiety
-help them understand what they will see on their body when they come back
-use dolls and surgery materials to have them get comfortable, child life may help
-can keep stuffed animals until last minute
with All Correct Answers 2025-2026
Updated.
infant's understanding of illness - Answer -unaware of effects but senses parent distress
infant responses to hospitalization - Answer -Sleep-wake cycles disrupted
-Feeding routines disrupted
-Displays excessive irritability
-Separation anxiety -starting about 9 months
what helps relieve the separation anxiety for infants and toddlers - Answer consistency of
nursing care, providers
toddler and pre-schooler's understanding of illness - Answer -understanding of cause and
effect is not fully developed
-have a general concept of body
-beginning to understand the concept of safety and germs
toddler responses to hospitalizations - Answer -Frightened to lie supine
-Associates pain with punishment
-Does not understand why parents will not help him
preschoolers responses to hospitalization - Answer -fear ghosts, monsters, body parts
leaking out, tubes are permanent
-may perceive it and illness as punishment
-want to play-- allow because it reduces stress
school age understanding of body - Answer -maturing
-younger: internal body contains heart and bones
-older: better understanding of body
school age responses to hospitalizations - Answer -increased sensitivity to environment (hear
everything)
-demonstrate detailed recall of events from hospitalizations later on
,adolescents understanding of illness - Answer -more aware of physical, psychological, and
behavioral causes of illness and injury
-younger: can describe location and function of major organs
-older: perceives effects of illness and injury on appearance
adolescents responses to hospitalizations - Answer -denial
-regression (in development)
-withdrawal (especially with a history of repeated hospitalizations)
-intellectualization
-projections
-displacement
at what age can a child swallow a pill - Answer generally around 5
oral medications and children - Answer -if they cant swallow a pill, check with pharmacy to
see how to/if you can crush it and mix it with something
-mix with very sweet foods, not applesauce
-child should be in an upright position
rectal medications and children - Answer -children have small colons so use the smallest
finger and see if you can cut it in half lengthwise to thin it
-use lubrication
-hold buttocks together for a few minutes afterwards (especially in infants)
opthalmic medications and children - Answer -explain the process and hold their head in the
correct position
-warm it to room temperature
topical medications and children - Answer Infants' skin is very thin so it will absorb very
easily→ be very careful to use the correct dose
IM medications and children - Answer -infants and younger: vastis lateralis
-can use the deltoid once it develops enough muscle (usually around 18 months)
-25 gauge
IV medications and children - Answer -their veins are so small and fragile we preserve the
line until it falls out
, -infants: hands, feet, scalp
-older children: don't put it in their dominate hand if you can help it
infants preparation for procedures - Answer -tell them just before and be completely ready
to start the procedure right after
-want to make sure they are immobilized, but it shouldn't be the parents job
toddlers preparation for procedures - Answer -tell them just before and be completely ready
to start the procedure right after
-immobilize them; allow them to scream and cry and the comfort them afterwards
-provide rewards
preschoolers preparation for procedures - Answer -tell them just before and be completely
ready to start the procedure right after
-provide a brief explanation
-respond well to distractions
-provide rewards
school-age children preparation for procedures - Answer -still don't want to tell them far in
advance
-don't give them the option of if they want to do if, but allow some time to relax
-they sometimes like to be in control and don't want anyone holding them down
-provide rewards
adolescents preparation for procedures - Answer -may want a verbal or written explanation
-teach the use of distraction or imagery
-explore their concerns and answer questions
-often want to know their results and when they'll be ready
purpose of pre-op - Answer to reduce fear, stress, and anxiety
pre-op period - Answer -reduce fear and anxiety
-help them understand what they will see on their body when they come back
-use dolls and surgery materials to have them get comfortable, child life may help
-can keep stuffed animals until last minute
