NR283 Exam 3 Patho – Accurate Solutions For
Every Question
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Terms in this set (253)
Gasses travel from an area of ____ higher, lower
pressure to an area of ____ pressure
O2 goes to ____ and CO2 goes to ____ into blood, out of blood
What two structures form the The nasal and oral pharynx
pharynx?
How does air travel through the pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
body? bronchioles, alveoli
Carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli
High altitudes make O2 exchange harder
Gas Exchange happens in the _____ and kidneys and cells
_____
Arteries carry blood ____ from the away
heart
Veins carry blood ____ the heart toward
Blood from the ____ ventricle comes Right, Arteriole
from the pulmonary _____
Blood returns to the ___ ventricle via left, venule
the pulmonary ____
,oxygen molecules attach to heme
Gas Exchange occurs between RBCs pressure diffusion
and alveoli through a process called
oxygen being collected is called ventilation
oxygen getting to its destination is perfusion
called
Ventilation problems occur when limited oxygen, muscle weakness, airway obstruction
Why does muscle weakness cause Not enough pressure to pull O2 into lungs
ventilation problems?
What causes perfusion problems? anemia, blood loss, carbon monoxide poisoning,
deformed RBC, atherosclerosis or embolus
decreasing blood flow
Symptoms of cerebral hypoxia include confusion, lethargy, weakness, fatigue, LOC changes
Cerebral hypoxia can lead to brain damage, coma, veg state, death
Myocardial hypoxia symptoms include chest pain, referred pain to arms, back, neck, jaw, or
stomach, palpitation, SOB, cold, pale and sweaty
skin, nausea/vomiting, lightheadedness, weakness,
fatigue
Myocardial hypoxia can lead to angina, heart attack, irregular heartbeats, cardiac
arrest, and death
Renal hypoxia symptoms include Weight gain, electrolyte imbalances, anemia
Why does weight gain happen in Water retention
regards to renal hypoxia?
, In particular, what electrolytes are Sodium and potassium
imbalanced when renal hypoxia
occurs?
Renal hypoxia can lead to acute renal failure, CKD
Compensation for cellular hypoxia Tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, tachycardia,
includes blood pH changes
What are risk factors for impaired gas High altitude, pollution, smoking, low iron
exchange?
What diagnostic tests are used to Spirometry-pulmonary function testing(PFT), Atrial
measure gas exchange? blood gas tests, oximeters, exercise tolerance
testing, radiography, bronchoscopy, cultures and
sensitivity testing
What are culture and sensitivity tests Exudates from URT or sputum specimens are looked
in terms of measuring gas exchange? at to identify pathogens so the appropriate therapy
can be used
What type of patients is exercise Patients with chronic pulmonary disease
tolerance testing useful for?
Atrial blood gas determinations are check oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate levels,
used to and pH
Spirometry pulmonary function pulmonary volumes, measures volumes and airflow
testing(PFT) is used to test times
Decongestants help vasoconstriction in nasal mucosa, reduces edema
Expectorants help thin respiratory secretions for easier removal
Antitussives help Reduce cough reflexes
Antihistamines help by Blocking H1 receptors to reduce allergic response
Every Question
Save
Terms in this set (253)
Gasses travel from an area of ____ higher, lower
pressure to an area of ____ pressure
O2 goes to ____ and CO2 goes to ____ into blood, out of blood
What two structures form the The nasal and oral pharynx
pharynx?
How does air travel through the pharynx, epiglottis, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
body? bronchioles, alveoli
Carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli
High altitudes make O2 exchange harder
Gas Exchange happens in the _____ and kidneys and cells
_____
Arteries carry blood ____ from the away
heart
Veins carry blood ____ the heart toward
Blood from the ____ ventricle comes Right, Arteriole
from the pulmonary _____
Blood returns to the ___ ventricle via left, venule
the pulmonary ____
,oxygen molecules attach to heme
Gas Exchange occurs between RBCs pressure diffusion
and alveoli through a process called
oxygen being collected is called ventilation
oxygen getting to its destination is perfusion
called
Ventilation problems occur when limited oxygen, muscle weakness, airway obstruction
Why does muscle weakness cause Not enough pressure to pull O2 into lungs
ventilation problems?
What causes perfusion problems? anemia, blood loss, carbon monoxide poisoning,
deformed RBC, atherosclerosis or embolus
decreasing blood flow
Symptoms of cerebral hypoxia include confusion, lethargy, weakness, fatigue, LOC changes
Cerebral hypoxia can lead to brain damage, coma, veg state, death
Myocardial hypoxia symptoms include chest pain, referred pain to arms, back, neck, jaw, or
stomach, palpitation, SOB, cold, pale and sweaty
skin, nausea/vomiting, lightheadedness, weakness,
fatigue
Myocardial hypoxia can lead to angina, heart attack, irregular heartbeats, cardiac
arrest, and death
Renal hypoxia symptoms include Weight gain, electrolyte imbalances, anemia
Why does weight gain happen in Water retention
regards to renal hypoxia?
, In particular, what electrolytes are Sodium and potassium
imbalanced when renal hypoxia
occurs?
Renal hypoxia can lead to acute renal failure, CKD
Compensation for cellular hypoxia Tachypnea, use of accessory muscles, tachycardia,
includes blood pH changes
What are risk factors for impaired gas High altitude, pollution, smoking, low iron
exchange?
What diagnostic tests are used to Spirometry-pulmonary function testing(PFT), Atrial
measure gas exchange? blood gas tests, oximeters, exercise tolerance
testing, radiography, bronchoscopy, cultures and
sensitivity testing
What are culture and sensitivity tests Exudates from URT or sputum specimens are looked
in terms of measuring gas exchange? at to identify pathogens so the appropriate therapy
can be used
What type of patients is exercise Patients with chronic pulmonary disease
tolerance testing useful for?
Atrial blood gas determinations are check oxygen, carbon dioxide, bicarbonate levels,
used to and pH
Spirometry pulmonary function pulmonary volumes, measures volumes and airflow
testing(PFT) is used to test times
Decongestants help vasoconstriction in nasal mucosa, reduces edema
Expectorants help thin respiratory secretions for easier removal
Antitussives help Reduce cough reflexes
Antihistamines help by Blocking H1 receptors to reduce allergic response
