NR 283 Exam 1 (Pathophysiology) – Questions With
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1 Hypertrophy 2 Causes of dysplasia
3 Specific precautions 4 Causes of atrophy
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Terms in this set (121)
Hypertrophy Increase in cell size - results in enlarged tissue mass
Causes of hypertrophy Additional work by the tissue
Excessive hormonal stimulation
,Examples of hypertrophy Enlarged heart resulting from increased demands
Effect of consistent exercise on skeletal muscle,
leading to an enlarged muscle mass
Atrophy Decrease in cell size - results in reduced tissue mass
Causes of atrophy Reduced use of the tissue
Insufficient nutrition
Decreased neurologic or hormonal stimulation
Aging
Example of atrophy Shrinkage of skeletal muscle that occurs when a limb
is immobilized in a cast for several weeks
Hyperplasia Increase in number of cells - results in enlarged
tissue mass
Cause of hyperplasia Compensatory mechanism to meet increased
demand or pathologic when there is a hormonal
imbalance
In some cases ________ and _______ can Hyperplasia and hypertrophy
occur simultaneously, as in the uterine
enlargement that occurs during
pregnancy
Metaplasia Mature cell type that is replaced by a different
mature cell type
Adaptive mechanism that provides more resistance
tissue
, Example of metaplasia Smoker cells
Dysplasia Abnormal growth or development of a tissue or
organ
Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue
Large nuclei are frequently present
Rate of mitosis is increased
Causes of dysplasia Chronic irritation
Infection
Precancerous change
Neoplasia "New growth" or tumor
Ischemia Deficient of oxygen in the cells
Most common cause of cell damage Ischemia
Hypoxia Deficiency in amount of oxygen in the tissues
Causes of cell damage - Ischemia
- Hypoxia
- Physical damage (excessive heat or cold; radiation
exposure)
- Mechanical damage (pressure of tearing tissue)
- Chemical toxins
- Microorganisms
- Abnormal metabolites
- Nutritional deficits
- Imbalance of fluids or electrolytes
Detailed Solutions
Save
Practice questions for this set
Learn 1 /7 Study using Learn
Used for patient's with particular infections
Choose an answer
1 Hypertrophy 2 Causes of dysplasia
3 Specific precautions 4 Causes of atrophy
Don't know?
Terms in this set (121)
Hypertrophy Increase in cell size - results in enlarged tissue mass
Causes of hypertrophy Additional work by the tissue
Excessive hormonal stimulation
,Examples of hypertrophy Enlarged heart resulting from increased demands
Effect of consistent exercise on skeletal muscle,
leading to an enlarged muscle mass
Atrophy Decrease in cell size - results in reduced tissue mass
Causes of atrophy Reduced use of the tissue
Insufficient nutrition
Decreased neurologic or hormonal stimulation
Aging
Example of atrophy Shrinkage of skeletal muscle that occurs when a limb
is immobilized in a cast for several weeks
Hyperplasia Increase in number of cells - results in enlarged
tissue mass
Cause of hyperplasia Compensatory mechanism to meet increased
demand or pathologic when there is a hormonal
imbalance
In some cases ________ and _______ can Hyperplasia and hypertrophy
occur simultaneously, as in the uterine
enlargement that occurs during
pregnancy
Metaplasia Mature cell type that is replaced by a different
mature cell type
Adaptive mechanism that provides more resistance
tissue
, Example of metaplasia Smoker cells
Dysplasia Abnormal growth or development of a tissue or
organ
Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue
Large nuclei are frequently present
Rate of mitosis is increased
Causes of dysplasia Chronic irritation
Infection
Precancerous change
Neoplasia "New growth" or tumor
Ischemia Deficient of oxygen in the cells
Most common cause of cell damage Ischemia
Hypoxia Deficiency in amount of oxygen in the tissues
Causes of cell damage - Ischemia
- Hypoxia
- Physical damage (excessive heat or cold; radiation
exposure)
- Mechanical damage (pressure of tearing tissue)
- Chemical toxins
- Microorganisms
- Abnormal metabolites
- Nutritional deficits
- Imbalance of fluids or electrolytes
