Nurs 345- Foundations Exam 1 Study
Guide Questions with Actual Detailed
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Aerobic - Answer requiring oxygen to live and grow
Anaerobic - Answer capable of living without oxygen
Airborne Transmission - Answer occurs through contact with contaminated respiratory
droplets spread by a cough, sneeze, or talking
Droplet transmission - Answer transmission of particles greater than 5 mcm
Antigen - Answer foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response
Antibody - Answer immunoglobin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen
Antimicrobial - Answer antibacterial agent that kills bacteria or suppresses their growth
Asepsis - Answer absence of disease-producing microorganisms; using methods to prevent
infection
Bacteria - Answer the most significant and most commonly observed infection-causing
agents
Bundles - Answer evidence-based best practices that have proven positive outcomes when
implemented together to prevent infection
Colonization - Answer presence of an organism residing in an individual's body but with no
clinical signs of infection
Direct contact - Answer way for organisms to enter the body that involves proximity
between the susceptible host and an infected person or a carrier
-touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse
Indirect Contact - Answer personal contact with either a vector or an inanimate object, such
as equipment or countertops
, Disinfection - Answer process used to destroy microorganisms; destroys all pathogenic
organisms except spores
Endemic - Answer something that occurs with predictability in one specific region or
population and can appear in a different geographical location
Endogenous - Answer infection in which the causative organism comes from microbial life
harbored within the person
Exogenous - Answer infection in which the causative organism is acquired from outside the
host
Fomite - Answer a physical object that serves to transmit an infectious agent from person to
person
Fungi - Answer plant-like organisms (molds and yeasts) that can cause infection
Health Care-Associated Infection (HAI) - Answer an infection that was not present on
admission to a health care institution and develops during the course of treatment for other
conditions
Host - Answer animal or person on or within which microorganisms live
Iatrogenic - Answer infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure
Infection - Answer disease state resulting from pathogens in or on the body
Isolation - Answer protective procedure designed to prevent the transmission of specific
microorganisms
-protective aseptic techniques and barrier techniques
Medical Asepsis - Answer practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of
pathogens
-refers to the reduction of pathogens but not the complete eradication of them
Nosocomial - Answer something originating or taking place in the hospital
-infection
Guide Questions with Actual Detailed
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
Aerobic - Answer requiring oxygen to live and grow
Anaerobic - Answer capable of living without oxygen
Airborne Transmission - Answer occurs through contact with contaminated respiratory
droplets spread by a cough, sneeze, or talking
Droplet transmission - Answer transmission of particles greater than 5 mcm
Antigen - Answer foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response
Antibody - Answer immunoglobin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen
Antimicrobial - Answer antibacterial agent that kills bacteria or suppresses their growth
Asepsis - Answer absence of disease-producing microorganisms; using methods to prevent
infection
Bacteria - Answer the most significant and most commonly observed infection-causing
agents
Bundles - Answer evidence-based best practices that have proven positive outcomes when
implemented together to prevent infection
Colonization - Answer presence of an organism residing in an individual's body but with no
clinical signs of infection
Direct contact - Answer way for organisms to enter the body that involves proximity
between the susceptible host and an infected person or a carrier
-touching, kissing, or sexual intercourse
Indirect Contact - Answer personal contact with either a vector or an inanimate object, such
as equipment or countertops
, Disinfection - Answer process used to destroy microorganisms; destroys all pathogenic
organisms except spores
Endemic - Answer something that occurs with predictability in one specific region or
population and can appear in a different geographical location
Endogenous - Answer infection in which the causative organism comes from microbial life
harbored within the person
Exogenous - Answer infection in which the causative organism is acquired from outside the
host
Fomite - Answer a physical object that serves to transmit an infectious agent from person to
person
Fungi - Answer plant-like organisms (molds and yeasts) that can cause infection
Health Care-Associated Infection (HAI) - Answer an infection that was not present on
admission to a health care institution and develops during the course of treatment for other
conditions
Host - Answer animal or person on or within which microorganisms live
Iatrogenic - Answer infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure
Infection - Answer disease state resulting from pathogens in or on the body
Isolation - Answer protective procedure designed to prevent the transmission of specific
microorganisms
-protective aseptic techniques and barrier techniques
Medical Asepsis - Answer practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of
pathogens
-refers to the reduction of pathogens but not the complete eradication of them
Nosocomial - Answer something originating or taking place in the hospital
-infection
