EPALS PRACTICE EXAMINATION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Non-Rebreather Mask. Answer: High-concentration oxygen delivery with reservoir bag and
one-way valves
● Appearance. Answer: PAT component assessing child's mental status, muscle tone, and
interaction with environment
● Cool Extremities. Answer: Decreased temperature of arms and legs from vasoconstriction
and poor perfusion
● Disability Assessment. Answer: Brief neurologic evaluation using AVPU scale or Glasgow
Coma Scale
● Intraosseous Access. Answer: Needle placed through bone into marrow space for
emergency vascular access
● Epiglottitis. Answer: Life-threatening bacterial infection causing epiglottis swelling and
complete airway obstruction
● Circulation to Skin. Answer: PAT component observing skin color, perfusion, and
temperature
● Respiratory Distress. Answer: Increased work of breathing with adequate gas exchange
and oxygenation
● Two-Person Bag-Mask. Answer: Technique with one person maintaining mask seal while
another squeezes bag
● AVPU Scale. Answer: Rapid consciousness assessment: Alert, Voice responsive, Pain
responsive, Unresponsive
● Upper Airway Obstruction. Answer: Blockage of air passage above vocal cords causing
stridor and inspiratory difficulty
● Primary Assessment. Answer: Systematic evaluation following ABCDE approach
identifying life threats requiring immediate intervention
, ● Macintosh Blade. Answer: Curved laryngoscope blade placed in vallecula lifting epiglottis
indirectly
● Pediatric Assessment Triangle. Answer: Rapid visual and auditory assessment tool
evaluating appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin
● Breathing Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of respiratory rate, effort, air exchange, and
oxygen saturation
● Obstructive Shock. Answer: Shock from physical obstruction to blood flow such as cardiac
tamponade or tension pneumothorax
● Mottled Skin. Answer: Irregular areas of pale and dark skin indicating poor perfusion
● PRBCs. Answer: Acronym for Packed Red Blood Cells given 10 mL/kg for hemorrhage
● Breathing Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of respiratory rate, effort, air exchange, and
oxygen saturation
● Anaphylaxis. Answer: Severe allergic reaction causing airway swelling, bronchospasm,
and circulatory collapse
● Fluid Resuscitation. Answer: Administration of intravenous fluids restoring circulating
volume and perfusion
● NS. Answer: Abbreviation for Normal Saline isotonic crystalloid fluid
● LMA. Answer: Acronym for Laryngeal Mask Airway providing effective ventilation without
intubation
● PAT. Answer: Acronym for Pediatric Assessment Triangle providing initial impression within
30-60 seconds
● Airway Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of airway patency and positioning ensuring
adequate air passage
● Endotracheal Intubation. Answer: Placement of tube through vocal cords into trachea
providing definitive airway
● Airway Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of airway patency and positioning ensuring
adequate air passage
ANSWERS GRADED A+
● Non-Rebreather Mask. Answer: High-concentration oxygen delivery with reservoir bag and
one-way valves
● Appearance. Answer: PAT component assessing child's mental status, muscle tone, and
interaction with environment
● Cool Extremities. Answer: Decreased temperature of arms and legs from vasoconstriction
and poor perfusion
● Disability Assessment. Answer: Brief neurologic evaluation using AVPU scale or Glasgow
Coma Scale
● Intraosseous Access. Answer: Needle placed through bone into marrow space for
emergency vascular access
● Epiglottitis. Answer: Life-threatening bacterial infection causing epiglottis swelling and
complete airway obstruction
● Circulation to Skin. Answer: PAT component observing skin color, perfusion, and
temperature
● Respiratory Distress. Answer: Increased work of breathing with adequate gas exchange
and oxygenation
● Two-Person Bag-Mask. Answer: Technique with one person maintaining mask seal while
another squeezes bag
● AVPU Scale. Answer: Rapid consciousness assessment: Alert, Voice responsive, Pain
responsive, Unresponsive
● Upper Airway Obstruction. Answer: Blockage of air passage above vocal cords causing
stridor and inspiratory difficulty
● Primary Assessment. Answer: Systematic evaluation following ABCDE approach
identifying life threats requiring immediate intervention
, ● Macintosh Blade. Answer: Curved laryngoscope blade placed in vallecula lifting epiglottis
indirectly
● Pediatric Assessment Triangle. Answer: Rapid visual and auditory assessment tool
evaluating appearance, work of breathing, and circulation to skin
● Breathing Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of respiratory rate, effort, air exchange, and
oxygen saturation
● Obstructive Shock. Answer: Shock from physical obstruction to blood flow such as cardiac
tamponade or tension pneumothorax
● Mottled Skin. Answer: Irregular areas of pale and dark skin indicating poor perfusion
● PRBCs. Answer: Acronym for Packed Red Blood Cells given 10 mL/kg for hemorrhage
● Breathing Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of respiratory rate, effort, air exchange, and
oxygen saturation
● Anaphylaxis. Answer: Severe allergic reaction causing airway swelling, bronchospasm,
and circulatory collapse
● Fluid Resuscitation. Answer: Administration of intravenous fluids restoring circulating
volume and perfusion
● NS. Answer: Abbreviation for Normal Saline isotonic crystalloid fluid
● LMA. Answer: Acronym for Laryngeal Mask Airway providing effective ventilation without
intubation
● PAT. Answer: Acronym for Pediatric Assessment Triangle providing initial impression within
30-60 seconds
● Airway Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of airway patency and positioning ensuring
adequate air passage
● Endotracheal Intubation. Answer: Placement of tube through vocal cords into trachea
providing definitive airway
● Airway Assessment. Answer: Evaluation of airway patency and positioning ensuring
adequate air passage
