Pathophysiology Final Exam
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Terms in this set (101)
What is allergic asthma associated with? Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli close),
Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis,
Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? Pressure that builds up and pushes the trachea towards the
unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and pancreas; Genetic
Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea, Tachypnea
(rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? 1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis)
more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22
(acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near
normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the Elevation (increase) of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
pH/CO2?
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the Depression (decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
pH/CO2?
, Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the Depression (decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
pH/HCO3?
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the Elevation (increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
pH/HCO3?
What are signs of renal cancer? No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal Dialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low Protein Diet, Decrease
disease? Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements,
Give Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood
Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine Creatinine
renal function?
What bacteria is associated with acute E. coli
pyelonephritis?
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney Hypovolemia - Give Fluids
failure?
What causes acute intrarenal failure? Kidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal Ischemia
What do we see associated with SIADH? Fluid Retention (edema), Crackles in Lungs, Hypertension,
Decreased Sodium (diluted)
What causes myxedema coma? Hypothyroidism
What is the main underlying condition for Impaired Glucose Transport
Type I and Type II Diabetes?
What is the difference between Type I and Type I - Complete lack of insulin (Hyperglycemia)
Type II Diabetes? Type II - Insulin resistance on the cells
What would we see with Decrease of Calcium (softer bones), Positive Chvostek's Sign,
hypoparathyroidism? Tetany/Hyperactivity of Muscles/Tremors
What is the therapy for Type I Diabetes? Give Insulin
What is the therapy for Type II Diabetes? Diet, Exercise, Oral Antihyperglycemic Medicine (sensitizes
cells to take up insulin)
What are some complications of Diabetes? Paresthesia, Neuropathy, Retinopathy, Cardiac Problems,
Hypertension, Nephropathy
What is Celiac Spruce? What should you Gluten Intolerance
avoid? Avoid Wheat Products: Wheat, Rye, Barley
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (101)
What is allergic asthma associated with? Type 1 Hypersensitivity; IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing, Atelectasis (aveoli close),
Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis,
Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? Pressure that builds up and pushes the trachea towards the
unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and pancreas; Genetic
Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: Wheezing, SOB, Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea, Tachypnea
(rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? 1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis)
more than 45 (acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22
(acidosis) more than 26 (alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near
normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the Elevation (increase) of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
pH/CO2?
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the Depression (decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
pH/CO2?
, Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the Depression (decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
pH/HCO3?
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the Elevation (increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
pH/HCO3?
What are signs of renal cancer? No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal Dialysis, Fluid Restriction, Low Protein Diet, Decrease
disease? Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive, Give Ca Supplements,
Give Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood
Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine Creatinine
renal function?
What bacteria is associated with acute E. coli
pyelonephritis?
What is the treatment for pre-renal kidney Hypovolemia - Give Fluids
failure?
What causes acute intrarenal failure? Kidney Stones (renal calculi), Renal Ischemia
What do we see associated with SIADH? Fluid Retention (edema), Crackles in Lungs, Hypertension,
Decreased Sodium (diluted)
What causes myxedema coma? Hypothyroidism
What is the main underlying condition for Impaired Glucose Transport
Type I and Type II Diabetes?
What is the difference between Type I and Type I - Complete lack of insulin (Hyperglycemia)
Type II Diabetes? Type II - Insulin resistance on the cells
What would we see with Decrease of Calcium (softer bones), Positive Chvostek's Sign,
hypoparathyroidism? Tetany/Hyperactivity of Muscles/Tremors
What is the therapy for Type I Diabetes? Give Insulin
What is the therapy for Type II Diabetes? Diet, Exercise, Oral Antihyperglycemic Medicine (sensitizes
cells to take up insulin)
What are some complications of Diabetes? Paresthesia, Neuropathy, Retinopathy, Cardiac Problems,
Hypertension, Nephropathy
What is Celiac Spruce? What should you Gluten Intolerance
avoid? Avoid Wheat Products: Wheat, Rye, Barley
