Pharmacology NCLEX // 90+
Questions and answers // Guaranteed
pass // Test Bank.
A patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. The nurse should monitor for which
adverse effect that is most life-threatening and commonly associated with this drug class?
A) Constipation
B) Dry cough
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Mild headache
✔️✔️ Correct answer: C - Hyperkalemia occurs due to decreased aldosterone secretion and can
lead to dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
A patient is taking furosemide for heart failure. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse
monitor closely during therapy?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Hypokalemia is a major risk with loop diuretics like furosemide due to
potassium loss in urine.
A client on warfarin therapy reports taking a new herbal supplement. Which supplement is most
likely to increase bleeding risk?
A) Ginger
B) Vitamin C
C) Calcium
D) Fiber supplement
✔️✔️ Correct answer: A - Ginger has antiplatelet properties and increases bleeding risk when
combined with anticoagulants.
A patient receiving morphine develops respiratory depression. What is the antidote the nurse
should prepare?
A) Atropine
B) Naloxone
C) Flumazenil
D) Vitamin K
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse respiratory depression
caused by opioids.
A diabetic patient is prescribed insulin glargine. What is the key teaching point for this
medication?
A) It is given only during meals
1
,B) It has a peak effect in 30 minutes
C) It provides steady basal coverage
D) It is mixed with short-acting insulin
✔️✔️ Correct answer: C - Insulin glargine provides long-acting, peakless basal glucose control.
A patient taking digoxin reports nausea, vomiting, and visual halos. What condition should the
nurse suspect?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Digoxin toxicity
C) Stroke
D) Hypocalcemia
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - These are classic signs of digoxin toxicity.
A client on lithium therapy should be monitored for which toxicity symptom?
A) Dry skin
B) Tremors and confusion
C) Weight loss
D) Bradycardia only
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Lithium toxicity presents with tremors, confusion, and neurological
changes.
A patient taking statins should immediately report which symptom?
A) Mild fatigue
B) Muscle pain and weakness
C) Increased appetite
D) Dry mouth
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Muscle pain may indicate rhabdomyolysis, a serious statin adverse
effect.
A nurse is administering heparin. Which lab value should be monitored?
A) INR
B) aPTT
C) Hemoglobin A1c
D) Platelet count only
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - aPTT is used to monitor therapeutic effect of heparin.
A patient is prescribed albuterol inhaler. What is the expected therapeutic effect?
A) Reduced inflammation
B) Bronchodilation
C) Mucus thinning
D) Sedation
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Albuterol is a beta-agonist that causes bronchodilation.
A patient taking metformin should be advised to avoid which condition?
A) Exercise
2
, B) Alcohol excess
C) Protein intake
D) Sunlight exposure
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Alcohol increases risk of lactic acidosis with metformin.
A client is prescribed prednisone. Which side effect is most expected with long-term use?
A) Weight loss
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Immunosuppression
D) Bradycardia
✔️✔️ Correct answer: C - Corticosteroids suppress immune function.
A patient on aspirin therapy should be monitored for which complication?
A) Hypertension
B) GI bleeding
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Kidney stones
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Aspirin increases risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
A nurse is teaching a patient about MAO inhibitors. Which food must be avoided?
A) Rice
B) Aged cheese
C) Apples
D) Milk
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Aged cheese contains tyramine, which can cause hypertensive crisis.
A patient receiving vancomycin should be monitored for which adverse effect?
A) Red man syndrome
B) Hearing loss only
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Constipation
✔️✔️ Correct answer: A - Vancomycin can cause histamine release leading to red man syndrome.
A client on oral contraceptives is also taking antibiotics. What is the concern?
A) Increased fertility
B) Reduced contraceptive effectiveness
C) Kidney failure
D) Hypertension crisis
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Antibiotics may reduce oral contraceptive effectiveness.
A patient on phenytoin requires monitoring of which lab value?
A) Liver enzymes
B) Troponin
C) Sodium only
3
Questions and answers // Guaranteed
pass // Test Bank.
A patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. The nurse should monitor for which
adverse effect that is most life-threatening and commonly associated with this drug class?
A) Constipation
B) Dry cough
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Mild headache
✔️✔️ Correct answer: C - Hyperkalemia occurs due to decreased aldosterone secretion and can
lead to dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias.
A patient is taking furosemide for heart failure. Which electrolyte imbalance should the nurse
monitor closely during therapy?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypercalcemia
D) Hypermagnesemia
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Hypokalemia is a major risk with loop diuretics like furosemide due to
potassium loss in urine.
A client on warfarin therapy reports taking a new herbal supplement. Which supplement is most
likely to increase bleeding risk?
A) Ginger
B) Vitamin C
C) Calcium
D) Fiber supplement
✔️✔️ Correct answer: A - Ginger has antiplatelet properties and increases bleeding risk when
combined with anticoagulants.
A patient receiving morphine develops respiratory depression. What is the antidote the nurse
should prepare?
A) Atropine
B) Naloxone
C) Flumazenil
D) Vitamin K
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse respiratory depression
caused by opioids.
A diabetic patient is prescribed insulin glargine. What is the key teaching point for this
medication?
A) It is given only during meals
1
,B) It has a peak effect in 30 minutes
C) It provides steady basal coverage
D) It is mixed with short-acting insulin
✔️✔️ Correct answer: C - Insulin glargine provides long-acting, peakless basal glucose control.
A patient taking digoxin reports nausea, vomiting, and visual halos. What condition should the
nurse suspect?
A) Hypoglycemia
B) Digoxin toxicity
C) Stroke
D) Hypocalcemia
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - These are classic signs of digoxin toxicity.
A client on lithium therapy should be monitored for which toxicity symptom?
A) Dry skin
B) Tremors and confusion
C) Weight loss
D) Bradycardia only
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Lithium toxicity presents with tremors, confusion, and neurological
changes.
A patient taking statins should immediately report which symptom?
A) Mild fatigue
B) Muscle pain and weakness
C) Increased appetite
D) Dry mouth
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Muscle pain may indicate rhabdomyolysis, a serious statin adverse
effect.
A nurse is administering heparin. Which lab value should be monitored?
A) INR
B) aPTT
C) Hemoglobin A1c
D) Platelet count only
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - aPTT is used to monitor therapeutic effect of heparin.
A patient is prescribed albuterol inhaler. What is the expected therapeutic effect?
A) Reduced inflammation
B) Bronchodilation
C) Mucus thinning
D) Sedation
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Albuterol is a beta-agonist that causes bronchodilation.
A patient taking metformin should be advised to avoid which condition?
A) Exercise
2
, B) Alcohol excess
C) Protein intake
D) Sunlight exposure
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Alcohol increases risk of lactic acidosis with metformin.
A client is prescribed prednisone. Which side effect is most expected with long-term use?
A) Weight loss
B) Hypoglycemia
C) Immunosuppression
D) Bradycardia
✔️✔️ Correct answer: C - Corticosteroids suppress immune function.
A patient on aspirin therapy should be monitored for which complication?
A) Hypertension
B) GI bleeding
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Kidney stones
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Aspirin increases risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.
A nurse is teaching a patient about MAO inhibitors. Which food must be avoided?
A) Rice
B) Aged cheese
C) Apples
D) Milk
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Aged cheese contains tyramine, which can cause hypertensive crisis.
A patient receiving vancomycin should be monitored for which adverse effect?
A) Red man syndrome
B) Hearing loss only
C) Hypoglycemia
D) Constipation
✔️✔️ Correct answer: A - Vancomycin can cause histamine release leading to red man syndrome.
A client on oral contraceptives is also taking antibiotics. What is the concern?
A) Increased fertility
B) Reduced contraceptive effectiveness
C) Kidney failure
D) Hypertension crisis
✔️✔️ Correct answer: B - Antibiotics may reduce oral contraceptive effectiveness.
A patient on phenytoin requires monitoring of which lab value?
A) Liver enzymes
B) Troponin
C) Sodium only
3
