NCM 118 PRELIM Exam UPDATED
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
White - CORRECT ANSWER Color of solid or liquid mass in CXR
Black - CORRECT ANSWER Color of air in CXR
True Ribs - CORRECT ANSWER Always present in CXR
Anatomical Dead Space - CORRECT ANSWER Areas of the respiratory system that does not
perform gas exchanges
Cardiomegaly - CORRECT ANSWER Based on the CXR, what is the patient's diagnosis?
Pulmonary Edema - CORRECT ANSWER Based on the CXR, what is the patient's diagnosis?
Pleural Effusion - CORRECT ANSWER Fluids inside the pleural cavity
Atelectasis - CORRECT ANSWER This occurs when there is only 50% air in the lungs
Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER Provides elasticity
Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER Provides surfactant
Type 3 - CORRECT ANSWER Macrophages
ARDS - CORRECT ANSWER Form of pulmonary insufficiency more commonly encountered
in adults with no previous lung disorder
1. Shock
, 2. Infection
3. Aspiration
4. Pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER Common predisposing factors for ARDS
1. Lung Injury
2. Migration of Neutrophils Releasing Cytokines
3. Increase in the Inflammatory Response
4. Free Radicals from Neutrophils damages Capillary Endothelium
5. Influx of Protein-Rich Fluids in Alveolar Space - CORRECT ANSWER Pathophysiology of
ARDS
Exudative Phase - CORRECT ANSWER Formation of diffuse infiltrates (flooded alveoli), and
Atelectasis occurs in this phase.
Proliferative Phase - CORRECT ANSWER Resolution of pulmonary edema, and alveolar
recovery occurs in this phase.
Fibrotic - CORRECT ANSWER Diffuse fibrosis, and lungs will never be the same again at this
phase.
Chest X-ray - CORRECT ANSWER Confirmatory test for ARDS
Ground Glass-Like Appearance - CORRECT ANSWER Appearance of ARDS in CXR
Cough - CORRECT ANSWER Most common symptom of ARDS
1. Test the underlying cause of ARDS
2. Fluid Management
3. Minimize Nosocomial Infection, GI Bleeding, and Thromboembolism
4. Nutritional Support
5. Use of Steroids
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
White - CORRECT ANSWER Color of solid or liquid mass in CXR
Black - CORRECT ANSWER Color of air in CXR
True Ribs - CORRECT ANSWER Always present in CXR
Anatomical Dead Space - CORRECT ANSWER Areas of the respiratory system that does not
perform gas exchanges
Cardiomegaly - CORRECT ANSWER Based on the CXR, what is the patient's diagnosis?
Pulmonary Edema - CORRECT ANSWER Based on the CXR, what is the patient's diagnosis?
Pleural Effusion - CORRECT ANSWER Fluids inside the pleural cavity
Atelectasis - CORRECT ANSWER This occurs when there is only 50% air in the lungs
Type 1 - CORRECT ANSWER Provides elasticity
Type 2 - CORRECT ANSWER Provides surfactant
Type 3 - CORRECT ANSWER Macrophages
ARDS - CORRECT ANSWER Form of pulmonary insufficiency more commonly encountered
in adults with no previous lung disorder
1. Shock
, 2. Infection
3. Aspiration
4. Pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER Common predisposing factors for ARDS
1. Lung Injury
2. Migration of Neutrophils Releasing Cytokines
3. Increase in the Inflammatory Response
4. Free Radicals from Neutrophils damages Capillary Endothelium
5. Influx of Protein-Rich Fluids in Alveolar Space - CORRECT ANSWER Pathophysiology of
ARDS
Exudative Phase - CORRECT ANSWER Formation of diffuse infiltrates (flooded alveoli), and
Atelectasis occurs in this phase.
Proliferative Phase - CORRECT ANSWER Resolution of pulmonary edema, and alveolar
recovery occurs in this phase.
Fibrotic - CORRECT ANSWER Diffuse fibrosis, and lungs will never be the same again at this
phase.
Chest X-ray - CORRECT ANSWER Confirmatory test for ARDS
Ground Glass-Like Appearance - CORRECT ANSWER Appearance of ARDS in CXR
Cough - CORRECT ANSWER Most common symptom of ARDS
1. Test the underlying cause of ARDS
2. Fluid Management
3. Minimize Nosocomial Infection, GI Bleeding, and Thromboembolism
4. Nutritional Support
5. Use of Steroids
