2026 EXAMINATION TEST QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS FULL REVIEW
◉ social constructivist. Answer: emphasizes the social contexts of
learning and that knowledge is mutually built and constructed
◉ exogenous constructivism. Answer: refers to the idea that the
acquisition of knowledge represents a reconstruction of structure
that exist in the external world
◉ Endogenous Constructivism. Answer: emphasizes the
coordination of cognitive actions
◉ dialectical constructivism. Answer: theory that considers
knowledge lies in the continual interaction between the individual
and the environment
◉ situated cognition (situated learning). Answer: relation between a
person and the situation
◉ Equilibrium. Answer: a biological drive to produce an optimal
state of equilibrium
, ◉ accommodation. Answer: changing internal structure to make
them consistent with eternal reality
◉ Piaget's stages of cognitive development. Answer: sensorimotor,
preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
◉ sensorimotor stage. Answer: in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
birth to about 2 years of age) during which infants know the world
mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
◉ preoperational stage. Answer: in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
about 2 to 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use
language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of
concrete logic
◉ concrete operational stage. Answer: in Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during
which children gain the mental operations that enable them to think
logically about concrete events
◉ formal operational stage. Answer: in Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during
which people begin to think logically about abstract concepts