COGNITIVE THEORY 2026 STUDY GUIDE
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
◉ 28. In the context of prosocial behavior, _____ is an unselfish
interest in helping another person. Answer: altruism
◉ 40. Which of the following statements best describes a student
with identity foreclosure? Answer: The student has accepted
someone else's idea for a career path and made a commitment
toward that goal.
◉ 29. Who developed a theory of moral development according to
which internalization plays a key role in the development process of
people? Answer: Lawrence Kohlberg
◉ 82. Keisha's parents are highly involved with her and her two
sisters. They all have televisions in their rooms, have the latest music
and games, and have their way when it comes to family activities.
Keisha's parents place few limits or restrictions on their behavior.
What type of parenting style are Keisha's parents demonstrating?
Answer: Indulgent
,◉ 34. Which of the following individuals is at Kohlberg's social
systems morality stage of moral reasoning? Answer: Don obeys his
teacher because the rules of the school are that all students must
obey the teachers. As a student, he has a duty to obey his teacher.
◉ 13. According to Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral
development, preconventional reasoning is the highest level of
reasoning. Answer: False
◉ 70. Throughout elementary school, children in divorced families
have the highest achievement and fewest problems when both the
parenting environment and the school environment are which of the
following? Answer: Authoritative
◉ 62. Kenny lives in the United States. His friend, with whom he
chats on the Internet, lives in a culture in which men and women
have traditional gender roles. Kenny's friend is very surprised to
hear that Kenny's mom goes to work and that his dad stays at home
with the children. According to Bronfenbrenner, this scenario
demonstrates the: Answer: macrosystem
◉ 26. Which of the following statements is true about the domain
theory of moral development? Answer: It states that children's social
conventions emerge from their attempts to deal with different forms
of social experience.
, ◉ 7. Children of authoritarian parents tend to be self-reliant and
have high self-esteem. Answer: False
◉ 52. At the _____ stage of Erikson's psychosocial stages of human
development, infants begin to discover that their behavior is their
own. Answer: autonomy versus shame and doubt
◉ 51. During which of Erikson's stages of human development is a
person expected to focus his or her efforts on transmitting
something positive to the next generation? Answer: Generativity
versus stagnation
◉ 48. According to Erikson's stages of human development, when
does an individual undergo the stage of identity versus identity
confusion? Answer: When the individual is in his or her adolescent
years
◉ 22. An important goal of service learning is to: Answer: motivate
students to help others.
◉ 9. The Montessori approach is a philosophy of education in which
children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in
choosing activities. Answer: True