WGU D444 Adult Health 1 Objective
Assessment | OA V1 and V2 –
Questions and Answers | 2026 Update
| 100% Correct.
1. A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. What is
the mechanism of action?
A) Beta-blocker
B) ACE Inhibitor
C) Calcium Channel Blocker
D) Diuretic
Answer: B) ACE Inhibitor
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor. It blocks the conversion
of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, leading
to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure .
2. A 65-year-old with heart failure is prescribed furosemide.
Which lab value requires immediate provider notification?
A) Sodium 138 mEq/L
B) Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
C) Calcium 9.2 mg/dL
D) Magnesium 2.0 mg/dL
Answer: B) Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium
,wasting. A level of 3.0 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which can
lead to dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias .
3. A patient with COPD has a PaO2 of 58 mmHg and PaCO2 of
52 mmHg. What is the most appropriate initial oxygen
delivery method?
A) Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
B) Nasal cannula at 2 L/min
C) Venturi mask at 40% FiO2
D) Simple face mask at 8 L/min
Answer: B) Nasal cannula at 2 L/min
Rationale: COPD patients with CO2 retention rely on a hypoxic
drive. High-flow oxygen can eliminate this drive, causing
respiratory arrest. Low-flow oxygen (1-2 L/min) is used to
maintain SpO2 between 88-92% .
4. What are the signs of left-sided heart failure?
A) Jugular venous distention and hepatomegaly
B) Peripheral edema and ascites
C) Pulmonary crackles and dyspnea
D) Right upper quadrant pain
Answer: C) Pulmonary crackles and dyspnea
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes blood to back up into
the pulmonary circulation, resulting in pulmonary congestion,
crackles, and shortness of breath .
5. A patient on levothyroxine reports palpitations and
shortness of breath. What is the priority action?
A) Reassure the patient this is normal.
B) Administer beta-blockers immediately.
C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
,D) Check a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level.
Answer: C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
Rationale: These symptoms suggest excessive thyroid hormone
replacement (hyperthyroidism/hypermetabolism). The provider
needs to adjust the dose immediately .
6. What are the expected signs of a hemorrhagic stroke?
A) Sudden numbness and speech difficulty
B) Severe headache, nausea, and loss of consciousness
C) Facial drooping and arm weakness
D) Ataxia and nystagmus
Answer: B) Severe headache, nausea, and loss of consciousness
Rationale: Hemorrhagic stroke involves bleeding in the brain,
which rapidly increases intracranial pressure, often presenting with
a sudden "thunderclap" headache, vomiting, and decreased
consciousness .
7. What dietary education is appropriate for a patient with
diverticulosis?
A) Low-fiber, low-residue diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) Clear liquid diet
D) Low-protein diet
Answer: B) High-fiber diet
Rationale: A high-fiber diet helps prevent constipation and
reduces pressure in the colon, which can prevent the formation or
inflammation of diverticula .
8. What is the priority nursing action for a patient with a
severe hypoglycemic episode (unconscious)?
A) Administer rapid-acting insulin.
, B) Give 15g of orange juice orally.
C) Administer glucagon subcutaneously or IV dextrose.
D) Recheck blood glucose in 1 hour.
Answer: C) Administer glucagon subcutaneously or IV dextrose.
Rationale: If the patient is unconscious or cannot swallow, oral
glucose is dangerous. Glucagon (or IV dextrose in a hospital
setting) is required to raise blood glucose levels immediately .
9. A patient is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. What
statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will take this medication with food."
B) "I will report any unusual muscle pain or weakness."
C) "I will stop taking this medication if I have an imaging test with
contrast dye."
D) "This medication will increase my insulin production."
Answer: D) "This medication will increase my insulin production."
Rationale: Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose
production (gluconeogenesis), not by increasing insulin secretion.
Patients should hold metformin before contrast dye procedures to
prevent lactic acidosis .
10. What is the primary pathophysiological process of
asthma?
A) Overproduction of surfactant
B) Chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm
C) Destruction of alveolar walls
D) Paralysis of the cilia
Answer: B) Chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm
Rationale: Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of
the airways, leading to hyperresponsiveness, bronchospasm, and
mucus production in response to triggers .
Assessment | OA V1 and V2 –
Questions and Answers | 2026 Update
| 100% Correct.
1. A patient with hypertension is prescribed lisinopril. What is
the mechanism of action?
A) Beta-blocker
B) ACE Inhibitor
C) Calcium Channel Blocker
D) Diuretic
Answer: B) ACE Inhibitor
Rationale: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor. It blocks the conversion
of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, leading
to vasodilation and decreased blood pressure .
2. A 65-year-old with heart failure is prescribed furosemide.
Which lab value requires immediate provider notification?
A) Sodium 138 mEq/L
B) Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
C) Calcium 9.2 mg/dL
D) Magnesium 2.0 mg/dL
Answer: B) Potassium 3.0 mEq/L
Rationale: Furosemide is a loop diuretic that causes potassium
,wasting. A level of 3.0 mEq/L indicates hypokalemia, which can
lead to dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias .
3. A patient with COPD has a PaO2 of 58 mmHg and PaCO2 of
52 mmHg. What is the most appropriate initial oxygen
delivery method?
A) Non-rebreather mask at 15 L/min
B) Nasal cannula at 2 L/min
C) Venturi mask at 40% FiO2
D) Simple face mask at 8 L/min
Answer: B) Nasal cannula at 2 L/min
Rationale: COPD patients with CO2 retention rely on a hypoxic
drive. High-flow oxygen can eliminate this drive, causing
respiratory arrest. Low-flow oxygen (1-2 L/min) is used to
maintain SpO2 between 88-92% .
4. What are the signs of left-sided heart failure?
A) Jugular venous distention and hepatomegaly
B) Peripheral edema and ascites
C) Pulmonary crackles and dyspnea
D) Right upper quadrant pain
Answer: C) Pulmonary crackles and dyspnea
Rationale: Left-sided heart failure causes blood to back up into
the pulmonary circulation, resulting in pulmonary congestion,
crackles, and shortness of breath .
5. A patient on levothyroxine reports palpitations and
shortness of breath. What is the priority action?
A) Reassure the patient this is normal.
B) Administer beta-blockers immediately.
C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
,D) Check a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level.
Answer: C) Notify the healthcare provider immediately.
Rationale: These symptoms suggest excessive thyroid hormone
replacement (hyperthyroidism/hypermetabolism). The provider
needs to adjust the dose immediately .
6. What are the expected signs of a hemorrhagic stroke?
A) Sudden numbness and speech difficulty
B) Severe headache, nausea, and loss of consciousness
C) Facial drooping and arm weakness
D) Ataxia and nystagmus
Answer: B) Severe headache, nausea, and loss of consciousness
Rationale: Hemorrhagic stroke involves bleeding in the brain,
which rapidly increases intracranial pressure, often presenting with
a sudden "thunderclap" headache, vomiting, and decreased
consciousness .
7. What dietary education is appropriate for a patient with
diverticulosis?
A) Low-fiber, low-residue diet
B) High-fiber diet
C) Clear liquid diet
D) Low-protein diet
Answer: B) High-fiber diet
Rationale: A high-fiber diet helps prevent constipation and
reduces pressure in the colon, which can prevent the formation or
inflammation of diverticula .
8. What is the priority nursing action for a patient with a
severe hypoglycemic episode (unconscious)?
A) Administer rapid-acting insulin.
, B) Give 15g of orange juice orally.
C) Administer glucagon subcutaneously or IV dextrose.
D) Recheck blood glucose in 1 hour.
Answer: C) Administer glucagon subcutaneously or IV dextrose.
Rationale: If the patient is unconscious or cannot swallow, oral
glucose is dangerous. Glucagon (or IV dextrose in a hospital
setting) is required to raise blood glucose levels immediately .
9. A patient is prescribed metformin for type 2 diabetes. What
statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will take this medication with food."
B) "I will report any unusual muscle pain or weakness."
C) "I will stop taking this medication if I have an imaging test with
contrast dye."
D) "This medication will increase my insulin production."
Answer: D) "This medication will increase my insulin production."
Rationale: Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose
production (gluconeogenesis), not by increasing insulin secretion.
Patients should hold metformin before contrast dye procedures to
prevent lactic acidosis .
10. What is the primary pathophysiological process of
asthma?
A) Overproduction of surfactant
B) Chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm
C) Destruction of alveolar walls
D) Paralysis of the cilia
Answer: B) Chronic airway inflammation and bronchospasm
Rationale: Asthma is characterized by chronic inflammation of
the airways, leading to hyperresponsiveness, bronchospasm, and
mucus production in response to triggers .
