1
Test Bank For
Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 9th Edition by Sareen S. Gropper, Timothy P. Carr
Chapters 1-14
Chapter 1 – The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
Multiple-Choice
Key Page(s)
a 2 1. Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of _____.
a. phospholipids
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. saturated fatty acids
b 2 2. Membrane proteins serve as all of the following EXCEPT _____.
a. pumps
b. detoxifiers
c. receptors
d. enzymes
b 4 3. What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?
a. produce bile
b. regulate fluidity
c. reduce stability
d. produce hormones
a 2-3 4. Which of the following is NOT an attribute common to all membranes?
a. Membranes are symmetrical.
b. Membranes form sheet-like structures.
c. Membranes are fluid structures.
d. Membranes protect cellular components.
a 4 5. The carbohydrate moieties of the plasma membrane glycoproteins and
glycolipids are oriented _____.
a. outwardly, away from the cytoplasmic matrix
b. inwardly, toward the lumen
c. equally inwardly and outwardly to maintain symmetry
d. between the bilayers of the membranes
c 4 6. Proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and
embedded in the membrane are called _____.
a. peripheral proteins
b. rough endoplasmic reticulum
c. integral proteins
, d. Golgi apparatuses
c 4, 5 7. In the cell structure the _____ provides support and controls the movement
of cell organelles.
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. mitochondrion
c. cytoskeleton
d. matrix space
b 6 8. Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic
matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the
next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall
pathway include enzymes of _____.
a. beta-oxidation
b. glycolysis
c. ketone production
d. the Krebs cycle
d 6 9. The organelle responsible for production of most of the metabolic energy
(ATP) is the _____.
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
a 7 10. All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the _____.
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix
d 7-8 11. In which organelle do the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation occur?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. nucleus
c. microsomes
d. mitochondrion
a 7 12. What is the major route for ATP production?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. hydrolysis
c. peroxidation
d. transformation
, 3
c 8 13. Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother
and code for
a. all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix.
b. non-functional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution.
c. proteins vital to the production of ATP.
d. antioxidant proteins.
d 8 14. What type of cell depends solely on energy produced through anaerobic
mechanisms?
a. hepatocyte
b. enterocyte
c. glucocyte
d. erythrocyte
b 8 15. The cell organelle responsible for most of the initiation and regulation of
cellular activity is the _____.
a. cytoplast
b. nucleus
c. mitochondrion
e. nucleolus
a 10 16. Encoded within the nuclear DNA of each cell is
a. the entire genome for that organism.
b. the genes coding for proteins needed by that particular cell in the
organism.
c. chromatin.
d. a cell-specific histone.
b 8 17. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is unique to RNA?
a. guanine
b. uracil
c. thymine
d. cytosine
d 10 18. Translation is the process by which
a. the genetic information (base sequence) in a single strand of DNA is
used to specify a complementary sequence of bases in an mRNA chain.
b. a daughter duplex DNA molecule that is identical to the parental duplex
DNA is synthesized.
c. the polypeptide chain of the protein product is extended.
d. genetic information in an mRNA molecule specifies the sequence of
amino acids in the protein product.
a 11 19. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is associated with
a. lipid synthesis.
b. protein synthesis.
c. the calcium ion pump necessary for the contractile process.
d. ribosomes and cytochrome P450 enzymes.
, d 12 20. What structural body made up of flattened cisternae flanked by tubular
networks is thought to be an extension of the endoplasmic reticulum?
a. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
c. lysosome
d. Golgi apparatus
b 12 21. The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and
functions
a. to stop the synthesis of proteins that may need carbohydrate additions.
b. to add polysaccharide or lipid moieties to polypeptides.
c. only for constitutive secretion of proteins.
d. only for regulated secretion of proteins.
c 12 22. The organelle that serves as the digestive system for the cell is the _____.
a. polysome
b. endosome
c. lysosome
d. ribosome
a 13 23. The organelle that detoxifies by oxidizing molecules such as hydrogen
peroxide and ethanol is the _____.
a. peroxisome
b. endosome
c. lysosome
d. ribosome
b 13 24. Leader sequences attached to the amino end of newly synthesized proteins
that remain within the cell are required for proteins
a. destined for degradation.
b. to move to the appropriate site for proper function.
c. to function within lysosomes and peroxisomes.
d. requiring post-translational activation.
c 13 25. Highly specialized membrane proteins that modify the cell's response to its
environment are _____.
a. transport proteins
b. enzymes
c. receptors
d. peroxisomes
e 15 26. For active transport (e.g., of glucose), you need:
a. ATP.
b. a Na-K pump.
c. Na.
d. an integral protein.
e. all of the above
Test Bank For
Advanced Nutrition and Human Metabolism 9th Edition by Sareen S. Gropper, Timothy P. Carr
Chapters 1-14
Chapter 1 – The Cell: A Microcosm of Life
Multiple-Choice
Key Page(s)
a 2 1. Membrane lipid bilayers consist primarily of _____.
a. phospholipids
b. cholesterol
c. proteins
d. saturated fatty acids
b 2 2. Membrane proteins serve as all of the following EXCEPT _____.
a. pumps
b. detoxifiers
c. receptors
d. enzymes
b 4 3. What is the role of cholesterol in plasma membrane structure?
a. produce bile
b. regulate fluidity
c. reduce stability
d. produce hormones
a 2-3 4. Which of the following is NOT an attribute common to all membranes?
a. Membranes are symmetrical.
b. Membranes form sheet-like structures.
c. Membranes are fluid structures.
d. Membranes protect cellular components.
a 4 5. The carbohydrate moieties of the plasma membrane glycoproteins and
glycolipids are oriented _____.
a. outwardly, away from the cytoplasmic matrix
b. inwardly, toward the lumen
c. equally inwardly and outwardly to maintain symmetry
d. between the bilayers of the membranes
c 4 6. Proteins attached to the membrane through hydrophobic interactions and
embedded in the membrane are called _____.
a. peripheral proteins
b. rough endoplasmic reticulum
c. integral proteins
, d. Golgi apparatuses
c 4, 5 7. In the cell structure the _____ provides support and controls the movement
of cell organelles.
a. endoplasmic reticulum
b. mitochondrion
c. cytoskeleton
d. matrix space
b 6 8. Enzymes of metabolic pathways that are associated with the cytoplasmic
matrix so that the product of one enzyme is released in close proximity to the
next enzyme for which it is a substrate to facilitate velocity of the overall
pathway include enzymes of _____.
a. beta-oxidation
b. glycolysis
c. ketone production
d. the Krebs cycle
d 6 9. The organelle responsible for production of most of the metabolic energy
(ATP) is the _____.
a. Golgi apparatus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. nucleus
d. mitochondrion
a 7 10. All components of the electron transport chain are embedded in the _____.
a. mitochondrial inner membrane
b. mitochondrial outer membrane
c. mitochondrial matrix
d. cytoplasmic matrix
d 7-8 11. In which organelle do the TCA cycle and fatty acid oxidation occur?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. nucleus
c. microsomes
d. mitochondrion
a 7 12. What is the major route for ATP production?
a. oxidative phosphorylation
b. hydrolysis
c. peroxidation
d. transformation
, 3
c 8 13. Genes contained in mitochondrial DNA are inherited only from the mother
and code for
a. all proteins functioning within the mitochondrial matrix.
b. non-functional ancient proteins considered remnants of evolution.
c. proteins vital to the production of ATP.
d. antioxidant proteins.
d 8 14. What type of cell depends solely on energy produced through anaerobic
mechanisms?
a. hepatocyte
b. enterocyte
c. glucocyte
d. erythrocyte
b 8 15. The cell organelle responsible for most of the initiation and regulation of
cellular activity is the _____.
a. cytoplast
b. nucleus
c. mitochondrion
e. nucleolus
a 10 16. Encoded within the nuclear DNA of each cell is
a. the entire genome for that organism.
b. the genes coding for proteins needed by that particular cell in the
organism.
c. chromatin.
d. a cell-specific histone.
b 8 17. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is unique to RNA?
a. guanine
b. uracil
c. thymine
d. cytosine
d 10 18. Translation is the process by which
a. the genetic information (base sequence) in a single strand of DNA is
used to specify a complementary sequence of bases in an mRNA chain.
b. a daughter duplex DNA molecule that is identical to the parental duplex
DNA is synthesized.
c. the polypeptide chain of the protein product is extended.
d. genetic information in an mRNA molecule specifies the sequence of
amino acids in the protein product.
a 11 19. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is associated with
a. lipid synthesis.
b. protein synthesis.
c. the calcium ion pump necessary for the contractile process.
d. ribosomes and cytochrome P450 enzymes.
, d 12 20. What structural body made up of flattened cisternae flanked by tubular
networks is thought to be an extension of the endoplasmic reticulum?
a. nucleus
b. cytoplasm
c. lysosome
d. Golgi apparatus
b 12 21. The Golgi apparatus is prominent in neurons and secretory cells and
functions
a. to stop the synthesis of proteins that may need carbohydrate additions.
b. to add polysaccharide or lipid moieties to polypeptides.
c. only for constitutive secretion of proteins.
d. only for regulated secretion of proteins.
c 12 22. The organelle that serves as the digestive system for the cell is the _____.
a. polysome
b. endosome
c. lysosome
d. ribosome
a 13 23. The organelle that detoxifies by oxidizing molecules such as hydrogen
peroxide and ethanol is the _____.
a. peroxisome
b. endosome
c. lysosome
d. ribosome
b 13 24. Leader sequences attached to the amino end of newly synthesized proteins
that remain within the cell are required for proteins
a. destined for degradation.
b. to move to the appropriate site for proper function.
c. to function within lysosomes and peroxisomes.
d. requiring post-translational activation.
c 13 25. Highly specialized membrane proteins that modify the cell's response to its
environment are _____.
a. transport proteins
b. enzymes
c. receptors
d. peroxisomes
e 15 26. For active transport (e.g., of glucose), you need:
a. ATP.
b. a Na-K pump.
c. Na.
d. an integral protein.
e. all of the above
