Exam 2: Comprehensive Drug List and Key Points on Medications
Module Four:
Beclomethasone - Glucocorticoids
Prednisone - Glucocorticoids
Cromolyn - mast cell stabilizers
Zafirlukast - leukotriene
modifiers
Albuterol - Bronchodilators: Beta2-Adrenergic
Agonists Salmeterol - Bronchodilators: Beta2-
Adrenergic Agonists Theophylline - Bronchodilators:
Methylxanthines Ipratropium - Anticholinergic Drugs
Hydrocodone - Opioid Drugs for Cough
Dextromethorphan - Nonopioid Drugs for
Cough Cimetidine - H2-Receptor
Antagonists Omeprazole - Proton Pump
Inhibitors
Sucralfate - Mucosal Protectants
Aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide -
Antacids Methylcellulose - Bulk-Forming Agents
Docusate sodium - Surfactants
Magnesium hydroxide - Osmotic
Laxatives Ondansetron - Serotonin
Antagonists Prochlorperazine -
Dopamine Antagonists Dronabinol –
Cannabinoids
Corticosteroids
Summary
Corticosteroids are a class of drugs that include prednisone,
dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone, among many others.
These drugs have potent anti-inflammatory and
,immunosuppressive properties that make them effective in
treating inflammatory autoimmune conditions like
rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, lupus, as well as for
preventing organ transplant rejection.
Corticosteroids may also given to people who have adrenal
,insufficiency, formally called Addison Disease. Common
side effects of taking corticosteroids include hyperglycemia,
fluid retention, GI distress, and muscle weakness.
Osteoporosis and cataracts may also develop with long-
term corticosteroid use. And finally, high or excessive doses
of corticosteroids can precipitate a cortisol overload state,
formally known as Cushing Syndrome.
Key Points
o Corticosteroids
o Key Drugs
o “-sone”
o Prednisone
o Prednisolone
o Methylprednisolone
o Dexamethasone
o Hydrocortisone
o Fludrocortisone
o Beclomethasone
o Mechanism
o Anti-Inflammatory
o Glucocorticoid receptor
antagonist / corticosteroids
o Suppresses leukocytes and
suppressing the inflammatory
response
o Clinical Use
o Treat Inflammatory Diseases
o Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
o Bell’s palsy
o Psoriasis
o Multiple sclerosis
o Crohn’s disease
o Ulcerative colitis
o COPD
o Rheumatoid arthritis
o Treat Adrenal Insufficiency
(Addison’s Disease)
o Corticosteroids can be used to replace
deficient levels of cortisol produced by
the adrenal cortex
o Immunosuppressant
, o Prevent organ transplant rejection
o Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
o Cushing syndrome
o Caused by too much cortisol or
corticosteroids
o Moon face, puffy eyelids, pedal
edema, increased bruising, menstrual
irregularities, striae
o Hyperglycemia
o Diabetic patients will need to
increase the amount of insulin they
take
o Fluid retention
o Leads to weight gain
o Monitor weight daily and report
sudden increases in weight gain.
o Leads to swelling
o Leads to hypertension
o Osteoporosis
o Over long term use
o Increased risk of bone fractures
o Cataracts
o Side effect of long-term use
o Immunosuppression
o Anti-inflammatory effects may mask
signs of infection
o Report even small signs of
infection (like a low-grade fever)
o Muscle weakness
o Over long term use
o Gastrointestinal distress
o Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
abdominal distention
o Gastric ulcers if taken with NSAIDs.
Acetaminophen is preferred for the use
of pain management
o May be given with food to reduce GI
distress
Beta Blockers
Module Four:
Beclomethasone - Glucocorticoids
Prednisone - Glucocorticoids
Cromolyn - mast cell stabilizers
Zafirlukast - leukotriene
modifiers
Albuterol - Bronchodilators: Beta2-Adrenergic
Agonists Salmeterol - Bronchodilators: Beta2-
Adrenergic Agonists Theophylline - Bronchodilators:
Methylxanthines Ipratropium - Anticholinergic Drugs
Hydrocodone - Opioid Drugs for Cough
Dextromethorphan - Nonopioid Drugs for
Cough Cimetidine - H2-Receptor
Antagonists Omeprazole - Proton Pump
Inhibitors
Sucralfate - Mucosal Protectants
Aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide -
Antacids Methylcellulose - Bulk-Forming Agents
Docusate sodium - Surfactants
Magnesium hydroxide - Osmotic
Laxatives Ondansetron - Serotonin
Antagonists Prochlorperazine -
Dopamine Antagonists Dronabinol –
Cannabinoids
Corticosteroids
Summary
Corticosteroids are a class of drugs that include prednisone,
dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone, among many others.
These drugs have potent anti-inflammatory and
,immunosuppressive properties that make them effective in
treating inflammatory autoimmune conditions like
rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, lupus, as well as for
preventing organ transplant rejection.
Corticosteroids may also given to people who have adrenal
,insufficiency, formally called Addison Disease. Common
side effects of taking corticosteroids include hyperglycemia,
fluid retention, GI distress, and muscle weakness.
Osteoporosis and cataracts may also develop with long-
term corticosteroid use. And finally, high or excessive doses
of corticosteroids can precipitate a cortisol overload state,
formally known as Cushing Syndrome.
Key Points
o Corticosteroids
o Key Drugs
o “-sone”
o Prednisone
o Prednisolone
o Methylprednisolone
o Dexamethasone
o Hydrocortisone
o Fludrocortisone
o Beclomethasone
o Mechanism
o Anti-Inflammatory
o Glucocorticoid receptor
antagonist / corticosteroids
o Suppresses leukocytes and
suppressing the inflammatory
response
o Clinical Use
o Treat Inflammatory Diseases
o Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
o Bell’s palsy
o Psoriasis
o Multiple sclerosis
o Crohn’s disease
o Ulcerative colitis
o COPD
o Rheumatoid arthritis
o Treat Adrenal Insufficiency
(Addison’s Disease)
o Corticosteroids can be used to replace
deficient levels of cortisol produced by
the adrenal cortex
o Immunosuppressant
, o Prevent organ transplant rejection
o Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
o Cushing syndrome
o Caused by too much cortisol or
corticosteroids
o Moon face, puffy eyelids, pedal
edema, increased bruising, menstrual
irregularities, striae
o Hyperglycemia
o Diabetic patients will need to
increase the amount of insulin they
take
o Fluid retention
o Leads to weight gain
o Monitor weight daily and report
sudden increases in weight gain.
o Leads to swelling
o Leads to hypertension
o Osteoporosis
o Over long term use
o Increased risk of bone fractures
o Cataracts
o Side effect of long-term use
o Immunosuppression
o Anti-inflammatory effects may mask
signs of infection
o Report even small signs of
infection (like a low-grade fever)
o Muscle weakness
o Over long term use
o Gastrointestinal distress
o Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea,
abdominal distention
o Gastric ulcers if taken with NSAIDs.
Acetaminophen is preferred for the use
of pain management
o May be given with food to reduce GI
distress
Beta Blockers
