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📋 DOCUMENT OVERVIEW 196 Qs
This document covers various topics in forensic science, including autopsy, ballistics, blood splatter
analysis, firearm characteristics (caliber), eyewitness evidence (composite drawing), and criminology. The
document provides a comprehensive study resource, featuring 196 questions with correct answers and
detailed explanations/rationales. Students can utilize this document to study, review, and deepen their
understanding of forensic science concepts, allowing for effective preparation and review for exams.
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EXAM QUESTIONS
QUESTION 1
Autopsy
CORRECT ANSWER
The internal and external examination of a body after death. An autopsy is performed to confirm or
determine the cause of death and establish other pre-death conditions, such as the type of food last
consumed and the time it was consumed.
RATIONALE: The provided definition is correct because it accurately reflects the primary purpose and scope of an
autopsy, which involves a thorough examination of a deceased person to determine the cause of death and understand
pre-death conditions. This definition aligns with the medical and forensic context in which autopsies are performed,
making it a precise and relevant description of the term.
QUESTION 2
Ballistics
CORRECT ANSWER
The study of the motion of bullets and their examination for distinctive characteristics after being fired.
Examiners can use this evidence to match bullets or bullet fragments to specific weapons.
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, RATIONALE: The concept of ballistics is centered around the study of projectile motion, which in this context refers
specifically to the trajectory and behavior of bullets. The use of ballistic analysis to match bullets or fragments to specific
weapons is a key application of this knowledge, demonstrating its connection to forensic science and crime scene
investigation.
QUESTION 3
Blood Splatter
CORRECT ANSWER
The pattern of blood that has struck a surface. This pattern can provide vital information about the source
of the blood. Can help determine the size and type of wound, the direction and the speed with which the
perpetrator or victim was moving, and the type of weapon used to create the blood spill.
RATIONALE: This description is the correct definition of blood splatter because it accurately captures the dynamic and
informative nature of blood patterns, highlighting how they can reveal crucial details about the crime scene and the
actions of individuals involved. By focusing on the characteristics and implications of blood splatter patterns, the
description effectively demonstrates a comprehensive understanding of the forensic concept.
QUESTION 4
Caliber
CORRECT ANSWER
The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm, usually expressed in hundredths of an inch or in millimeters.
RATIONALE: The term "caliber" refers specifically to the diameter of the bore of a firearm, as this measurement directly
impacts the size and type of ammunition it can fire. This definition is distinct from other measurements, such as the
overall length of the barrel or the weight of the bullet, which are not considered part of the caliber.
QUESTION 5
Composite Drawing
CORRECT ANSWER
A sketch of a suspect produced from eyewitness descriptions of one or more persons.
RATIONALE: A composite drawing is created by combining multiple eyewitness descriptions, resulting in a single sketch
that represents the collective perceptions of the witnesses. This process allows investigators to create a more accurate
representation of a suspect, as the combined information from multiple witnesses can help to fill in gaps and reduce
biases.
QUESTION 6
Criminology
CORRECT ANSWER
The study of criminal activity and how it is dealt with by the law.
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, RATIONALE: The term "criminology" is derived from the words "crime" and "study," indicating that it is an academic
discipline that focuses on understanding and analyzing the nature of crime and its responses. By examining the root
words and the field's core principles, it becomes clear that criminology indeed involves the study of criminal activity and
the law's response to it.
QUESTION 7
DNA
CORRECT ANSWER
Deoxyribonucleic acid. Double helix strand. Genetic code (fingerprint). 50% from mom and 50% from dad.
ACGT.
RATIONALE: The correct answer "Deoxyribonucleic acid. Double helix strand. Genetic code (fingerprint). 50% from mom
and 50% from dad. ACGT" is a comprehensive breakdown of DNA's definition, structure, function, and inheritance
pattern, showcasing a deep understanding of the subject. By providing this detailed description, the student
demonstrates their mastery of key concepts and terminology, making it the correct answer to the question "DNA".
QUESTION 8
DNA Electrophoresis
CORRECT ANSWER
The technique by which DNA fragments are placed in a gel and charged with electricity. An applied electric
field then separates the fragments by size, as part of the process of creating a genetic profile.
RATIONALE: The description accurately defines DNA electrophoresis because it correctly identifies the core laboratory
technique and the essential process of separating DNA fragments based on size through the application of an electric
field. The explanation directly addresses the key concepts of DNA electrophoresis, making it a precise and comprehensive
description of this laboratory technique.
QUESTION 9
DNA Profiling
CORRECT ANSWER
The process of testing to identify DNA patterns or types. In forensic science this testing is used to indicate
parentage or to exclude or include individuals as possible sources of bodily fluid stains (blood, saliva,
semen) and other biological evidence (bones, hair, teeth)
RATIONALE: The correct answer is correct because DNA profiling specifically involves the process of analyzing DNA
patterns or types, which is a crucial aspect of forensic science used to determine parentage or identify potential sources
of bodily fluids and biological evidence. This focus on DNA analysis and its application in forensic science makes the
given answer a precise and accurate description of DNA profiling.
QUESTION 10
Evidence
CORRECT ANSWER
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, Anything that has been used, left, removed, altered, or contaminated during the commission of a crime or
other event under investigation
RATIONALE: This definition captures the essence of evidence because it emphasizes the context in which items become
relevant to an investigation, highlighting that their significance stems from their association with a crime or event. By
describing these items as having been "used, left, removed, altered, or contaminated," it underscores their potential to
provide valuable information or clues about the circumstances surrounding the incident.
QUESTION 11
Fingerprint
CORRECT ANSWER
The unique patterns created by skin ridges found on the palm sides of fingers and thumbs.
RATIONALE: The term "fingerprint" specifically refers to the unique patterns created by skin ridges on the palm sides of
fingers and thumbs because it accurately describes the physical characteristic that distinguishes one person's hand from
another. This definition is based on the understanding that fingerprints are formed by the arrangement of these ridges,
which are unique to each individual and can be used for identification and classification purposes.
QUESTION 12
Forensic Science
CORRECT ANSWER
The application of science to law. The application of science to those criminal and civil laws that are
enforced by police agencies in a criminal justice system. The focus of forensics is the crime lab. The crime
lab uses the principles and technique of biology, chemistry, physics, geology, anthropology, and other
sciences in order to place physical evidence into a professional discipline.
RATIONALE: This answer is correct because it accurately defines the scope of forensic science, highlighting its focus on
applying scientific principles to investigate and analyze physical evidence in a criminal justice system. The mention of
specific disciplines such as biology, chemistry, and physics, further supports its correctness by emphasizing the
multidisciplinary approach forensic science employs to aid in law enforcement and legal proceedings.
QUESTION 13
Absolute Certainty
CORRECT ANSWER
ultimate sureness with no implication of possible change.
RATIONALE: This answer captures absolute certainty because it implies an unwavering state with no uncertainty or
doubt, eliminating any possibility of change or modification. By stating "no implication of possible change," it reinforces
the idea that the truth or fact is unshakeable and unalterable, embodying the essence of absolute certainty.
QUESTION 14
Accountability
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