ENVSOCTY 1HB3- Final Exam
Questions and Actual Answers 2025-
2026 Updated.
Complete the following sentence: what is where, why there, __________. - Answer Why
care?
The spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena (e.g., people) within an area. This is the
definition for what concept? - Answer Distribution.
In class we used the idea of wrapping a basketball to illustrate how to produce what kind of
map projection? - Answer Cylindrical Projections- Accuracy is greatest at the equator, and
distortion increases as you move towards the poles.
What theory aimed to understand the "path to development" for newly independent
(politically)nations by examining the experience of the economically powerful (more developed)
countries? - Answer Modernization Theory
According to the United Nations, approximately how many people, world‐wide, are believed to
be officially undernourished? - Answer About 700-800 million people are undernourished
worldwide.
This program was launched by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank to
help ensure that no poor country faced a debt burden that was too large for it to handle. -
Answer Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative
Population dynamics are the ways through which population changes over time. At a global
level, which of the following sets of factors are the ones we need to consider in order to predict
future populations? - Answer Population at a previous time period, births since that time
period, deaths since that time period, immigrants since that time period, emigrants since that
time period
The long‐term or permanent relocation of an individual or group of people from one area to
another. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer Migration
Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) defines HEALTH with which of the following? -
Answer A state of complete physical, mental, and social well ‐being
What proportion of the global population now lives in urban areas? - Answer A little above
50%
, A megacity is a metropolitan area with more than _____ people. - Answer 10 million
The residential clustering of specific populations (minority groups), usually as a matter of choice
or preference. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer Congregation
The international shipping practice of storing freight (goods or commodities) within a standard‐
sized container and transporting it via one (or more) intermodal technologies (i.e., ship, rail,
truck),and thereby reducing shipping costs. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer
Containerization
Economic activities involving the identification and extraction of the world's natural resources,
such as mining, fishing, forestry, and agriculture. This is the definition for which concept? -
Answer Primary activities
Industrial areas with specific incentives set up to attract foreign investors, in which imported
materials undergo some degree of processing before being re‐exported. This is the definition of
which concept? - Answer Export‐processing zones
Contrast the nature and spatial patterns of subsistence (traditional) and commercial
(modern)agriculture. (2 marks) - Answer Subsistence (traditional) Agriculture is an
agricultural system where production is not primarily for sale, but is consumed by the producer.
This type of agriculture is typically found in the less developed world, and operates on a small
scale to provide food for local consumption, and utilizes low technological inputs like manual
labour. Whereas, Commercial (modern) Agriculture's production is primarily for sale or profit.
Commercial Agriculture is typically found in the more developed world, utilizing high
technological inputs, operating on a large scale to provide food for regional and/global trade.
Geography is considered a spatial science. First, explain what this means, and briefly discuss the
different understandings of space. (3 marks) - Answer Geography is a spatial science because
it studies the patterns and processes of the earth's human or social environments. Space is
conceptualized as either absolute (objective, measurable, definable boundaries) or relative
(subjective, perceptual).
Using Charles Gritzner's definition of human geography, and one of the four substantive
sections of the course, demonstrate how we have explored the general topic of this section
using the three main approaches by Gritzner. (2 marks) - Answer The unit "population,
health and migration" can be understood through Gritzner's "What is where, why there, and
why care?" We have explored where people are living, migrating to and the general health of
people in LDW Vs. MDW. We analyzed how colonialism affected the size and health of
populations in LDW, and how globalization has affected migration globally. The significance of
these findings includes showing inequality between colonial countries and colonies, and how
that affects population size, health and who migrates, and to where.
Questions and Actual Answers 2025-
2026 Updated.
Complete the following sentence: what is where, why there, __________. - Answer Why
care?
The spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena (e.g., people) within an area. This is the
definition for what concept? - Answer Distribution.
In class we used the idea of wrapping a basketball to illustrate how to produce what kind of
map projection? - Answer Cylindrical Projections- Accuracy is greatest at the equator, and
distortion increases as you move towards the poles.
What theory aimed to understand the "path to development" for newly independent
(politically)nations by examining the experience of the economically powerful (more developed)
countries? - Answer Modernization Theory
According to the United Nations, approximately how many people, world‐wide, are believed to
be officially undernourished? - Answer About 700-800 million people are undernourished
worldwide.
This program was launched by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank to
help ensure that no poor country faced a debt burden that was too large for it to handle. -
Answer Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative
Population dynamics are the ways through which population changes over time. At a global
level, which of the following sets of factors are the ones we need to consider in order to predict
future populations? - Answer Population at a previous time period, births since that time
period, deaths since that time period, immigrants since that time period, emigrants since that
time period
The long‐term or permanent relocation of an individual or group of people from one area to
another. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer Migration
Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) defines HEALTH with which of the following? -
Answer A state of complete physical, mental, and social well ‐being
What proportion of the global population now lives in urban areas? - Answer A little above
50%
, A megacity is a metropolitan area with more than _____ people. - Answer 10 million
The residential clustering of specific populations (minority groups), usually as a matter of choice
or preference. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer Congregation
The international shipping practice of storing freight (goods or commodities) within a standard‐
sized container and transporting it via one (or more) intermodal technologies (i.e., ship, rail,
truck),and thereby reducing shipping costs. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer
Containerization
Economic activities involving the identification and extraction of the world's natural resources,
such as mining, fishing, forestry, and agriculture. This is the definition for which concept? -
Answer Primary activities
Industrial areas with specific incentives set up to attract foreign investors, in which imported
materials undergo some degree of processing before being re‐exported. This is the definition of
which concept? - Answer Export‐processing zones
Contrast the nature and spatial patterns of subsistence (traditional) and commercial
(modern)agriculture. (2 marks) - Answer Subsistence (traditional) Agriculture is an
agricultural system where production is not primarily for sale, but is consumed by the producer.
This type of agriculture is typically found in the less developed world, and operates on a small
scale to provide food for local consumption, and utilizes low technological inputs like manual
labour. Whereas, Commercial (modern) Agriculture's production is primarily for sale or profit.
Commercial Agriculture is typically found in the more developed world, utilizing high
technological inputs, operating on a large scale to provide food for regional and/global trade.
Geography is considered a spatial science. First, explain what this means, and briefly discuss the
different understandings of space. (3 marks) - Answer Geography is a spatial science because
it studies the patterns and processes of the earth's human or social environments. Space is
conceptualized as either absolute (objective, measurable, definable boundaries) or relative
(subjective, perceptual).
Using Charles Gritzner's definition of human geography, and one of the four substantive
sections of the course, demonstrate how we have explored the general topic of this section
using the three main approaches by Gritzner. (2 marks) - Answer The unit "population,
health and migration" can be understood through Gritzner's "What is where, why there, and
why care?" We have explored where people are living, migrating to and the general health of
people in LDW Vs. MDW. We analyzed how colonialism affected the size and health of
populations in LDW, and how globalization has affected migration globally. The significance of
these findings includes showing inequality between colonial countries and colonies, and how
that affects population size, health and who migrates, and to where.
