NSG 3160- Exam 3 | Study Questions and verified
Answers | A+ Graded | 2026 Updates | 100%
correct
Right side of the heart pumps to... - ANSWER- Lungs
Left side of heart pumps... - ANSWER- simutaneously to body
Septum - ANSWER- wall that separates two pumps
atrioventricular valves - ANSWER- separate atria and ventricles
heard at apex, located at bottom of heart: 5th rib intercostal space
Apical pulse is also called - ANSWER- Mitral area/PM/Apex
Right AV valve = - ANSWER- tricuspid valve, 5th intercostal space at left sternal border
Left AV valve = - ANSWER- Mitral valve, 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular line
Semilunar (SL) valves - ANSWER- between ventricles and arteries
3 cusps that look like half moons
heard at BASE, located at TOP of heart
pulmonic valve - ANSWER- located on right side of heart, 2nd L intercostal space
aortic valve - ANSWER- located on left side of heart, 2nd R intercostal space
Diastole phase - ANSWER- ventricles relax, heart fills with blood
2/3 of cycle
AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) are OPEN
pressure in atria is higher than in ventricles.
1st filling phase is called early or protodiastolic filling.
2nd filling is called presystole or atrial systole
Systole phase - ANSWER- blood pumped from ventricles and fills pulmonary and systemic
arteries
,1/3 of cardiac cycle
ventricular pressure is now HIGHER than that of atria, causing atria to close. After blood
ejection, pressure falls in ventricles. When pressure falls below pressure in aorta, some blood
flows backward towards ventricle, causing aortic valve to shut.
S1 or Lub - ANSWER- closer of AV valve
S2 or Dub - ANSWER- closure of semilunar valve
S3 heart sound - ANSWER- ↑ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, HF),
common in dilated ventricles. VIBRATIONS heard over chest. A gallop.
Occurs immediately after S2 (LUB DUB DUB). May be early sign of heart failure.
S4 heart sound - ANSWER- occurs at end of Diastole, at presystole. HEARD BEST AT APEX w/
pt turned to LEFT LATERAL so heart is closer to chest wall. VIBRATION is very soft and low pitch.
Occurs jsut before S1 (DUB LUB DUB)
murmur - ANSWER- abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart
valves. turbulent blood flow.
Automaticity - ANSWER- contracts by itself, independent of any signals or stimulation from
body.
SA node - ANSWER- "pacemaker" of heart
P wave - ANSWER- atrial depolarization
PR interval - ANSWER- beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
QRS complex - ANSWER- depolarization of the ventricles
T wave - ANSWER- repolarization of ventricles
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER- Amount of blood pumped in 1 minute (4-6 L)
CO=SV x R
carotid artery - ANSWER- located in groove b/w trachea and sternomastoid muscle. palpate
only 1 at a time.
jugular vein - ANSWER- Vein that carries blood from the R atrium into the superior vena cava
Risk factor for CVD - ANSWER- elevated cholesterol
, High BP
Known diabetes or blood sugar levels above 11 mg/dL
Obesity
Cig smoking
Low physical activity
gender
length of hormone replacement therapy
Aging adult heart - ANSWER- hemodynamic changes (increase in systolic BP caused by
THICKENING & STIFFENING of large arteries. Diastolic BP may decrease after 5th decade of life.
Heart size and heart rate do not change. INCREASE in AP diameter (difficulty palpating apical
pulse). SYSTOLIC MURMUR. DYSRHTHMIAS (INCREASE in presence of supra-ventricular and
ventricular dysrhythmias.
Bruit - ANSWER- blowing, swooshing sound indicating BLOOD FLOW TURBULENCE heard
through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded
Inspecting the Jugular Venous Pulse - ANSWER- -position person supine at 45 degree angle
where you can best see pulsations
-remove pillow, turn head away from self
-hold ruler VERTICAL to sternal angle, straight edge like tongue depressor.
-if JVD or heart failure suspected, THEN perform abdominojugular test
THRILL - ANSWER- palpable vibration. feels like throat of purring cat. Signifies turbulent blood
flow, can be felt with pulmonary stenosis
Acute heart failure - ANSWER- following a myocardial infarction, when contractibility has
been damaged
Chronic heart failure - ANSWER- as w/HTN, when the ventricles must pump against
chronically increased pressure
aortic stenosis - ANSWER- Calcification of the aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of
the blood during systole; Left Ventricular hypertrophy develops.
◦Subjective: fatigue, DOE, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, anginal pain
Answers | A+ Graded | 2026 Updates | 100%
correct
Right side of the heart pumps to... - ANSWER- Lungs
Left side of heart pumps... - ANSWER- simutaneously to body
Septum - ANSWER- wall that separates two pumps
atrioventricular valves - ANSWER- separate atria and ventricles
heard at apex, located at bottom of heart: 5th rib intercostal space
Apical pulse is also called - ANSWER- Mitral area/PM/Apex
Right AV valve = - ANSWER- tricuspid valve, 5th intercostal space at left sternal border
Left AV valve = - ANSWER- Mitral valve, 5th intercostal space at left midclavicular line
Semilunar (SL) valves - ANSWER- between ventricles and arteries
3 cusps that look like half moons
heard at BASE, located at TOP of heart
pulmonic valve - ANSWER- located on right side of heart, 2nd L intercostal space
aortic valve - ANSWER- located on left side of heart, 2nd R intercostal space
Diastole phase - ANSWER- ventricles relax, heart fills with blood
2/3 of cycle
AV valves (tricuspid and mitral) are OPEN
pressure in atria is higher than in ventricles.
1st filling phase is called early or protodiastolic filling.
2nd filling is called presystole or atrial systole
Systole phase - ANSWER- blood pumped from ventricles and fills pulmonary and systemic
arteries
,1/3 of cardiac cycle
ventricular pressure is now HIGHER than that of atria, causing atria to close. After blood
ejection, pressure falls in ventricles. When pressure falls below pressure in aorta, some blood
flows backward towards ventricle, causing aortic valve to shut.
S1 or Lub - ANSWER- closer of AV valve
S2 or Dub - ANSWER- closure of semilunar valve
S3 heart sound - ANSWER- ↑ventricular filling pressure (e.g., mitral regurgitation, HF),
common in dilated ventricles. VIBRATIONS heard over chest. A gallop.
Occurs immediately after S2 (LUB DUB DUB). May be early sign of heart failure.
S4 heart sound - ANSWER- occurs at end of Diastole, at presystole. HEARD BEST AT APEX w/
pt turned to LEFT LATERAL so heart is closer to chest wall. VIBRATION is very soft and low pitch.
Occurs jsut before S1 (DUB LUB DUB)
murmur - ANSWER- abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart
valves. turbulent blood flow.
Automaticity - ANSWER- contracts by itself, independent of any signals or stimulation from
body.
SA node - ANSWER- "pacemaker" of heart
P wave - ANSWER- atrial depolarization
PR interval - ANSWER- beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
QRS complex - ANSWER- depolarization of the ventricles
T wave - ANSWER- repolarization of ventricles
Cardiac Output (CO) - ANSWER- Amount of blood pumped in 1 minute (4-6 L)
CO=SV x R
carotid artery - ANSWER- located in groove b/w trachea and sternomastoid muscle. palpate
only 1 at a time.
jugular vein - ANSWER- Vein that carries blood from the R atrium into the superior vena cava
Risk factor for CVD - ANSWER- elevated cholesterol
, High BP
Known diabetes or blood sugar levels above 11 mg/dL
Obesity
Cig smoking
Low physical activity
gender
length of hormone replacement therapy
Aging adult heart - ANSWER- hemodynamic changes (increase in systolic BP caused by
THICKENING & STIFFENING of large arteries. Diastolic BP may decrease after 5th decade of life.
Heart size and heart rate do not change. INCREASE in AP diameter (difficulty palpating apical
pulse). SYSTOLIC MURMUR. DYSRHTHMIAS (INCREASE in presence of supra-ventricular and
ventricular dysrhythmias.
Bruit - ANSWER- blowing, swooshing sound indicating BLOOD FLOW TURBULENCE heard
through a stethoscope when an artery is partially occluded
Inspecting the Jugular Venous Pulse - ANSWER- -position person supine at 45 degree angle
where you can best see pulsations
-remove pillow, turn head away from self
-hold ruler VERTICAL to sternal angle, straight edge like tongue depressor.
-if JVD or heart failure suspected, THEN perform abdominojugular test
THRILL - ANSWER- palpable vibration. feels like throat of purring cat. Signifies turbulent blood
flow, can be felt with pulmonary stenosis
Acute heart failure - ANSWER- following a myocardial infarction, when contractibility has
been damaged
Chronic heart failure - ANSWER- as w/HTN, when the ventricles must pump against
chronically increased pressure
aortic stenosis - ANSWER- Calcification of the aortic valve cusps that restricts forward flow of
the blood during systole; Left Ventricular hypertrophy develops.
◦Subjective: fatigue, DOE, palpitations, dizziness, fainting, anginal pain
