NUTRITION 221 MID – TERM EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | LATEST 2026/27

NUTRITION 221 MID – TERM EXAM | QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS | LATEST 2026/27




1. If a diet is deficient in macronutrients but adequate in micronutrients, what
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potential health issues might arise, and why is this significant according to
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the NUTR 221 Midterm Study Guide?
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e . Increased risk of chronic diseases due to lack of vitamins
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e . Weight loss due to insufficient energy intake
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e . Improved immune function due to high vitamin intake
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e . Enhanced muscle growth due to excess protein consumption
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2. What is the primary physiological difference between Type 1 and Type
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2 diabetes?
e. e.




e. Type 1 diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance, while Type 2
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e. diabetes is due to autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing
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e. cells.

e . Type 1 diabetes results from autoimmune destruction of
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e. insulin- producing cells, whereas Type 2 diabetes is primarily due
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e. to insulin resistance.
e. e.




e . Both Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes are caused by insulin
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resistance. e.




e. Type 1 diabetes occurs only in children, while Type 2 diabetes occurs
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e. only in adults. e. e.




3. Which of these statements about limiting amino acids is correct
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, a limiting amino acid can be an essential or non essential amino
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acid
e.




e. it is an essential amino acid in smallest supply relative to the
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e. body's needs e.




e . it is the amino acid provided in the lowest amount in the diet
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, plant-based proteins have limiting amino acids but not animal
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proteins
e.




4. Glycemic index is a measure of blood glucose response relative to
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e. maltose e.




e. glucose e.




e. fructose

5. What is the primary consequence of not consuming enough essential
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amino acids in the diet?
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e . Increased energy levels e. e.




e . Enhanced muscle recovery e. e.




e . Impaired protein synthesis e. e.




e . Improved digestion e.




6. Explain the difference between dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis in
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the context of macronutrient metabolism.
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e . Dehydration synthesis combines molecules by removing e. e. e. e. e.



e. water, while hydrolysis breaks them apart by adding water.
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e. Dehydration synthesis breaks molecules apart by adding water, while
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e. hydrolysis combines them by removing water.e. e. e. e. e.




e . Both processes are identical and serve the same function in
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e. metabolism.

e . Dehydration synthesis is only used for carbohydrates, while e. e. e. e. e. e. e.



e. hydrolysis is used for proteins. e. e. e. e.




7. What is the primary function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
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, e . To neutralize stomach acid
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