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Nutr 455 7.3 Exam 4 Answers PDF | Exercise Metabolism Muscle Glycogen Energy Systems

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INSTANT PDF DOWNLOAD of the complete "Nutr 455 7.3 exam 4 - " featuring 169 graded questions and correct answers on exercise metabolism, muscle glycogen utilization, energy systems (phosphagen, glycolytic, oxidative), Type I vs Type IIx muscle fibers, VO2 max, hitting the wall phenomenon, lactate accumulation, AMPK activation, carnitine function, fatty acid oxidation, creatine phosphate, carbohydrate loading, and exercise-induced insulin sensitivity. This comprehensive exam key covers marathon nutrition, fuel source prioritization, mitochondrial adaptations, red blood cell metabolism, cardiomyocyte fuel preferences, and exercise for diabetes prevention. Perfect for exercise physiology, sports nutrition, and health science exam ise metabolism exam, muscle glycogen answers, energy systems quiz, sports nutrition test, Nutr 455 key, hitting the wall explained, VO2 max questions, AMPK exercise physiology, muscle fiber types study guide, carbohydrate loading marathon, lactate threshold, creatine phosphate system, fatty acid oxidation exercise, exercise insulin sensitivity, aerobic vs anaerobic metabolism

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1. An endurance athlete is preparing for a 3-hour marathon. Based on the
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information about blood glucose depletion, what nutritional strategy would
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be most effective to maintain performance throughout the race?
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r . Drinking only water to prevent digestive issues. r. r. r. r. r. r.




r . Avoiding carbohydrates to force the body to burn fat. r. r. r. r. r. r. r. r.




Consuming carbohydrates during the race to replenish blood
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glucose levels.
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r . Increasing protein intake the day before the race. r. r. r. r. r. r. r.




2. Exercise has been shown to be an effective intervention to improve insulin
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uptake in skeletal muscles in individuals with insulin resistance. Which of the
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following is a reason for the effectiveness of exercise?
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r. Increase Glut 4 receptors r. r. r.




r. r. Increase insulin r.




sensitivity
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r . Increase glucose storage areas r. r. r.




r . All the above
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3. Explain how the lower concentration of myoglobin inType IIx muscle fibers
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affects their function compared toType I fibers.
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r. Lower myoglobin levels in Type IIx fibers result in reduced oxygen
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storage and delivery, contributing to their faster fatigue rate.
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r . Lower myoglobin levels increase the rate of fatty acid oxidation
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r. Lower myoglobin levels enhance oxygen storage, allowing for
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sustained aerobic activity. r. r.

, r. Lower myoglobin levels have no significant impact on the function of
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r. Type IIx fibers. r. r.




r. Lower myoglobin levels increase the rate of ATP production through
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r. oxidative phosphorylation. r.




4. What is the primary fuel source that is stored in muscles and utilized during
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prolonged endurance exercise?
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r . Amino acids r.




r. Glycogen

r . Fatty acids r.




r . Creatine phosphate r.




5. Explain the relationship between the body's glucose preservation
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mechanisms during exercise and the needs of the brain and red blood cells.
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r. The body converts fatty acids into glucose to supply the brain and red
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r. blood cells. r.




r. The body increases glucose uptake by all tissues to maximize energy
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r. production during exercise. r. r.




r. The body relies solely on glycogen stores in muscles to fuel the brain
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r. and red blood cells during exercise.
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The body reduces glucose uptake by peripheral tissues and uses
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lipid substrates to ensure glucose is available for the brain and red
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blood cells, which are highly glucose-dependent.
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r. The body prioritizes amino acid metabolism to fuel the brain and red
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r. blood cells during exercise. r. r. r.




6. Compared to type 1 (slow oxidative) skeletal muscle fibers, how are type 2X
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(fast-glycolytic) skeletal muscle fibers different?
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, r . Type 2X motor units contain fewer fibers per alpha motor neuron.
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r. Type 2Xfibers have more abundant myoglobin.
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r . Type 2Xfibers have more abundant mitochondria.
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r. Type 2Xfibers are smaller in diameter.
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r . Type 2X fibers fatigue more readily.
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7. About how long does it take to almost completely deplete muscle and liver
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glycogen storage during exercise?
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r. hours

r. hour

8. Explain why the phosphagen system is favored over glycogen breakdown for
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immediate energy during activities like sprinting.
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Glycogen breakdown requires oxygen, which is limited during short
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bursts.
r.




r. Glycogen breakdown produces lactic acid, inhibiting immediate r. r. r. r. r. r.



r. energy production. r.




r . The phosphagen system providesATP more rapidly than glycogen
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r. breakdown due to fewer enzymatic steps. r. r. r. r. r.




r. The phosphagen system is the only system that can be used for short
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duration activities
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r. The phosphagen system directly uses glucose, bypassing glycogen
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stores.
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9. What is the role of muscle glycogen during prolonged exercise (>1 hour) or
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high intensity exercise due to the muscle glycogen being increased?
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r . improves performance during prolonged or high intensity exercise r. r. r. r. r. r. r.

, r. decreases slightly performance during prolonged or high intensity
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exercise
r.




r. does not change performance during prolonged or high intensity
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exercise
r.




r . decreases performance during prolonged or high intensity exercise
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10. Which macronutrient serves as the predominant fuel source forATP
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production during intense exercise?
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r. Fats

r. Proteins

r. Carbohydrates


r. Vitamins r.




r. Minerals

11. After approximately how many hours of continuous exercise do muscles
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significantly increase their reliance on glycogen stores?
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r . 30 minutes
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r . 3 hoursr.




r. 1 hourr.




r . 5 hours r.




r. Immediately

12. What is the formula to calculate the distance an athlete can run before
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depleting glycogen reserves, given total glycogen stored and energy
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consumption per mile?
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r . Total glycogen stored (kJ) * Energy consumption per mile (kJ/mile)
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