ATLS Written Review Q&A
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (134)
What is the primary goal of treating TBI? preventing secondary brain injury. This is done by maintaining
How is this done? blood pressure and providing adequate profusion.
After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is
be identified if present? How is this done? done with CT. NOTE: obtaining a CT should not delay patient
transfer to trauma center.
Which brain lobes do the following hold: 1. anterior fossa: frontal lobes
1. anterior fossa: 2. middle fossa: temporal lobes
2. middle fossa: 3. posterior fossa: lower brainstem and cerebellum
3. posterior fossa:
What are the 3 layers of the meninges? dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
What does the dura mater adhere firmly to? the skull. it is tough and fibrous
What layer of the meninges splits into two dura mater.
leaves as specific sites to enclose large these sinuses provide major venous drainage from the brain.
venous sinuses? What do these sinuses do?
What is the midline sinus of of the brain that The main sinus enclosed by the dura major is the midline
splits into two sinuses: bilateral transverse superior sagital sinus. This splits into the sigmoid and bilateral
and sigmoid sinus? What side are these transverse sinuses which are larger on the right side.
bigger on?
, What are the arteries that lie between the meningeal arteries.
skull and the dura mater (epidural space)?
What is the most commonly injured middle meningeal artery.
meningeal artery and where is it located? Located over the temporal fossa
T/F: the arachnoid mater is fused to the dura FALSE: not attached. This produces a potential space for a
mater? subdural hematoma
In a subdural hematoma, what is the cause? injury to bridging veins that extend from brain surface to the
sinuses within the dura.
_ ___ fills the space between the arachnoid CSF. this cushions the brain and spinal cord.
and pia mater?
What location of brain hemorrhage is subarachnoid.
frequently seen in brain contusion or injury
to major blood vessels at base of brain?
The ____ and _____ contain the reticular midbrain and upper pons
activating system which is responsible for state of alertness
____.
What important function resides in the cardiorespiratory centers.
medulla?
What important functions are in the 1. left hemisphere: language center
following brain segments: 2. frontal lobe: executive function, emotions, motor
1. left hemisphere: 3. parietal lobe: sensory function/spatial orientation
2. frontal lobe: 4. temporal: memory functions
3. parietal lobe:
4. temporal:
What divides the brain into supratentorial tentorium cerebelli. (tent over cerebellum)
and infratentorial compartments?
What is the physiology behind a blown blown pupil: dilation of pupil
pupil? -CN III runs along the tentorium cerebelli. parasympathetic
fibers that constrict the pupil run along CN III (oculomotor).
When temporal lobe is herniated, it can compress these fibers.
Unapposed sympathetic activity causes pupillary dilation.
What is the tentorial notch/hiatus this is where the midbrain passes through into the
infratentorial compartment.
what part of the brain most commonly Uncus (medial part of temporal lobe)
herniates through the tentorial notch?
Students also studied
C
Terms in this set (134)
What is the primary goal of treating TBI? preventing secondary brain injury. This is done by maintaining
How is this done? blood pressure and providing adequate profusion.
After managing ABCDEs of TBI what MUST mass lesion that requires surgical evacuation is critical! this is
be identified if present? How is this done? done with CT. NOTE: obtaining a CT should not delay patient
transfer to trauma center.
Which brain lobes do the following hold: 1. anterior fossa: frontal lobes
1. anterior fossa: 2. middle fossa: temporal lobes
2. middle fossa: 3. posterior fossa: lower brainstem and cerebellum
3. posterior fossa:
What are the 3 layers of the meninges? dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
What does the dura mater adhere firmly to? the skull. it is tough and fibrous
What layer of the meninges splits into two dura mater.
leaves as specific sites to enclose large these sinuses provide major venous drainage from the brain.
venous sinuses? What do these sinuses do?
What is the midline sinus of of the brain that The main sinus enclosed by the dura major is the midline
splits into two sinuses: bilateral transverse superior sagital sinus. This splits into the sigmoid and bilateral
and sigmoid sinus? What side are these transverse sinuses which are larger on the right side.
bigger on?
, What are the arteries that lie between the meningeal arteries.
skull and the dura mater (epidural space)?
What is the most commonly injured middle meningeal artery.
meningeal artery and where is it located? Located over the temporal fossa
T/F: the arachnoid mater is fused to the dura FALSE: not attached. This produces a potential space for a
mater? subdural hematoma
In a subdural hematoma, what is the cause? injury to bridging veins that extend from brain surface to the
sinuses within the dura.
_ ___ fills the space between the arachnoid CSF. this cushions the brain and spinal cord.
and pia mater?
What location of brain hemorrhage is subarachnoid.
frequently seen in brain contusion or injury
to major blood vessels at base of brain?
The ____ and _____ contain the reticular midbrain and upper pons
activating system which is responsible for state of alertness
____.
What important function resides in the cardiorespiratory centers.
medulla?
What important functions are in the 1. left hemisphere: language center
following brain segments: 2. frontal lobe: executive function, emotions, motor
1. left hemisphere: 3. parietal lobe: sensory function/spatial orientation
2. frontal lobe: 4. temporal: memory functions
3. parietal lobe:
4. temporal:
What divides the brain into supratentorial tentorium cerebelli. (tent over cerebellum)
and infratentorial compartments?
What is the physiology behind a blown blown pupil: dilation of pupil
pupil? -CN III runs along the tentorium cerebelli. parasympathetic
fibers that constrict the pupil run along CN III (oculomotor).
When temporal lobe is herniated, it can compress these fibers.
Unapposed sympathetic activity causes pupillary dilation.
What is the tentorial notch/hiatus this is where the midbrain passes through into the
infratentorial compartment.
what part of the brain most commonly Uncus (medial part of temporal lobe)
herniates through the tentorial notch?
