APHON Certification Exam 2025/2026 | VERIFIED
Questions & Answers with Rationales | Paediatric
Haematology Oncology Nursing | Most Repeated
Questions | Guaranteed Pass A+ Bundle
1. Which lab finding is most indicative of Tumour Lysis Syndrome (TLS)?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalaemia
C. Hyperkalaemia
D. Low uric acid
Correct Answer: C. Hyperkalaemia
Rationale: TLS causes release of intracellular contents leading to
hyperkalaemia, hypophosphatemia, hypercupraemia, and hypocalcaemia.
Hyperkalaemia is life-threatening due to arrhythmias �
2. Priority action for a child with central line and fever?
A. Give antipyretics
B. Remove line
C. Obtain blood cultures
D. Start IV fluids
Correct Answer: C. Obtain blood cultures
Rationale: Cultures must be obtained before antibiotics to identify infection
source, especially CLABSI risk �
3. Vincristine toxicity commonly causes:
A. Nephrotoxicity
,B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Cardiotoxicity
D. Ototoxicity
Correct Answer: B. Peripheral neuropathy
Rationale: Vincristine affects nerves → foot drop, constipation, neuropathy
�
4. Purpose of intrathecal chemotherapy?
A. Protect kidneys
B. Target CNS leukemia cells
C. Improve absorption
D. Reduce toxicity
Correct Answer: B. Target CNS leukemia cells
Rationale: It bypasses the blood-brain barrier to treat/prevent CNS
involvement �
5. Nadir period refers to:
A. Peak drug level
B. Lowest blood counts
C. Recovery phase
D. Tumor shrinkage
Correct Answer: B. Lowest blood counts
Rationale: Occurs 7–14 days post-chemo; highest infection risk �
6. Late effect of cranial radiation in children:
,A. Renal failure
B. Immunosuppression
C. Cognitive impairment
D. Liver toxicity
Correct Answer: C. Cognitive impairment
Rationale: Radiation affects brain development → memory and learning
issues �
7. Most concerning symptom of mediastinal mass?
A. Fatigue
B. Fever
C. Stridor
D. Weight loss
Correct Answer: C. Stridor
Rationale: Indicates airway compression → emergency �
8. Vaccine contraindicated during chemotherapy?
A. Hep B
B. DTaP
C. MMR
D. Inactivated flu
Correct Answer: C. MMR
Rationale: Live vaccines are unsafe in immunocompromised patients �
9. Best management for mucositis?
, A. Glycerin swabs
B. Firm brushing
C. Saline rinses
D. Antibiotics
Correct Answer: C. Saline rinses
Rationale: Gentle oral care reduces irritation and infection risk �
10. Prevent anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy:
A. Wait for symptoms
B. Restrict fluids
C. Give antiemetics before chemo
D. Bed rest
Correct Answer: C. Give antiemetics before chemo
Rationale: Prophylaxis is key for anticipatory nausea �
11. Platelet count requiring transfusion:
A. 150,000
B. 100,000
C. 50,000
D. <10,000
Correct Answer: D. <10,000
Rationale: High risk of spontaneous bleeding
12. Drug causing haemorrhagic cystitis:
A. Vincristine
Questions & Answers with Rationales | Paediatric
Haematology Oncology Nursing | Most Repeated
Questions | Guaranteed Pass A+ Bundle
1. Which lab finding is most indicative of Tumour Lysis Syndrome (TLS)?
A. Hypercalcemia
B. Hypokalaemia
C. Hyperkalaemia
D. Low uric acid
Correct Answer: C. Hyperkalaemia
Rationale: TLS causes release of intracellular contents leading to
hyperkalaemia, hypophosphatemia, hypercupraemia, and hypocalcaemia.
Hyperkalaemia is life-threatening due to arrhythmias �
2. Priority action for a child with central line and fever?
A. Give antipyretics
B. Remove line
C. Obtain blood cultures
D. Start IV fluids
Correct Answer: C. Obtain blood cultures
Rationale: Cultures must be obtained before antibiotics to identify infection
source, especially CLABSI risk �
3. Vincristine toxicity commonly causes:
A. Nephrotoxicity
,B. Peripheral neuropathy
C. Cardiotoxicity
D. Ototoxicity
Correct Answer: B. Peripheral neuropathy
Rationale: Vincristine affects nerves → foot drop, constipation, neuropathy
�
4. Purpose of intrathecal chemotherapy?
A. Protect kidneys
B. Target CNS leukemia cells
C. Improve absorption
D. Reduce toxicity
Correct Answer: B. Target CNS leukemia cells
Rationale: It bypasses the blood-brain barrier to treat/prevent CNS
involvement �
5. Nadir period refers to:
A. Peak drug level
B. Lowest blood counts
C. Recovery phase
D. Tumor shrinkage
Correct Answer: B. Lowest blood counts
Rationale: Occurs 7–14 days post-chemo; highest infection risk �
6. Late effect of cranial radiation in children:
,A. Renal failure
B. Immunosuppression
C. Cognitive impairment
D. Liver toxicity
Correct Answer: C. Cognitive impairment
Rationale: Radiation affects brain development → memory and learning
issues �
7. Most concerning symptom of mediastinal mass?
A. Fatigue
B. Fever
C. Stridor
D. Weight loss
Correct Answer: C. Stridor
Rationale: Indicates airway compression → emergency �
8. Vaccine contraindicated during chemotherapy?
A. Hep B
B. DTaP
C. MMR
D. Inactivated flu
Correct Answer: C. MMR
Rationale: Live vaccines are unsafe in immunocompromised patients �
9. Best management for mucositis?
, A. Glycerin swabs
B. Firm brushing
C. Saline rinses
D. Antibiotics
Correct Answer: C. Saline rinses
Rationale: Gentle oral care reduces irritation and infection risk �
10. Prevent anticipatory nausea in chemotherapy:
A. Wait for symptoms
B. Restrict fluids
C. Give antiemetics before chemo
D. Bed rest
Correct Answer: C. Give antiemetics before chemo
Rationale: Prophylaxis is key for anticipatory nausea �
11. Platelet count requiring transfusion:
A. 150,000
B. 100,000
C. 50,000
D. <10,000
Correct Answer: D. <10,000
Rationale: High risk of spontaneous bleeding
12. Drug causing haemorrhagic cystitis:
A. Vincristine
