NR 224 Fundamentals of Nursing Exam 5 Study Guide 2026
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is caring for a client with dysphagia. Which intervention should the
nurse implement during meals?
A. Instruct the client to tuck their chin when swallowing.
B. Provide the client with thin liquids to facilitate easier passage.
C. Encourage the client to tilt their head back while swallowing.
D. Allow the client to lie flat in bed immediately after eating.
Answer: A
Rationale: Tucking the chin during swallowing helps prevent aspiration by closing off the
airway. Thin liquids are dangerous for dysphagia; head tilting back opens the airway; and
clients should stay upright after meals.
2. Which is the most reliable method for confirming the initial placement of a
nasogastric (NG) tube?
A. Auscultating air injected into the tube.
B. Measuring the pH of gastric aspirate.
C. Radiographic (X-ray) visualization.
D. Observing the color of the aspirate.
Answer: C
Rationale: X-ray is the gold standard for confirming NG tube placement. While pH testing
is a common bedside method, radiographic visualization is the most reliable.
,3. A nurse is administering a large-volume cleansing enema. In which position
should the client be placed?
A. Left-side Sims position
B. High-Fowler’s position
C. Right-side Sims position
D. Supine position
Answer: A
Rationale: The left-side Sims position allows the enema solution to flow by gravity into the
sigmoid colon and rectum.
4. Which of the following findings regarding a new bowel stoma should the
nurse report to the provider immediately?
A. Mild swelling of the stoma in the early postoperative period.
B. A stoma that is moist and reddish-pink.
C. A stoma that is dark purple or black in color.
D. A small amount of bleeding when cleaning the stoma.
Answer: C
Rationale: A dark purple or black stoma indicates ischemia or necrosis and requires
immediate surgical intervention. Reddish-pink and moist is normal.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action
is most important to prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(CAUTI)?
A. Irrigating the catheter with sterile saline daily.
B. Applying antibiotic ointment to the urinary meatus.
C. Cleaning the perineal area with antiseptic wipes every 4 hours.
D. Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder.
Answer: D
, Rationale: Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder prevents the backflow
of contaminated urine into the bladder, reducing infection risk.
6. A client is prescribed a clear liquid diet. Which food item is appropriate for
this client?
A. Chicken broth
B. Vanilla pudding
C. Orange juice with pulp
D. Strained cream of mushroom soup
Answer: A
Rationale: Clear liquids include broth, bouillon, coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, clear
fruit juices, gelatin, and popsicles. Pulp and cream-based items are not clear liquids.
7. While inserting a foley catheter in a female client, the nurse accidentally
inserts it into the vagina. What should the nurse do next?
A. Remove the catheter and immediately reinsert it into the meatus.
B. Leave the catheter in the vagina and use it as a landmark while inserting a new sterile catheter.
C. Wipe the catheter with alcohol and try inserting it into the meatus.
D. Inflate the balloon to keep it in place until the doctor arrives.
Answer: B
Rationale: Leaving the first catheter in the vagina prevents the nurse from repeating the
error and ensures the second sterile catheter is placed in the urethra.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with a new hearing aid.
Which instruction should be included?
A. Keep the volume at the highest setting at all times.
B. Clean the ear mold with a soft cloth and soapy water.
C. Soak the hearing aid in water overnight.
D. Leave the battery in the device when not in use for long periods.
Answer: B
|Chamberlain College
1. A nurse is caring for a client with dysphagia. Which intervention should the
nurse implement during meals?
A. Instruct the client to tuck their chin when swallowing.
B. Provide the client with thin liquids to facilitate easier passage.
C. Encourage the client to tilt their head back while swallowing.
D. Allow the client to lie flat in bed immediately after eating.
Answer: A
Rationale: Tucking the chin during swallowing helps prevent aspiration by closing off the
airway. Thin liquids are dangerous for dysphagia; head tilting back opens the airway; and
clients should stay upright after meals.
2. Which is the most reliable method for confirming the initial placement of a
nasogastric (NG) tube?
A. Auscultating air injected into the tube.
B. Measuring the pH of gastric aspirate.
C. Radiographic (X-ray) visualization.
D. Observing the color of the aspirate.
Answer: C
Rationale: X-ray is the gold standard for confirming NG tube placement. While pH testing
is a common bedside method, radiographic visualization is the most reliable.
,3. A nurse is administering a large-volume cleansing enema. In which position
should the client be placed?
A. Left-side Sims position
B. High-Fowler’s position
C. Right-side Sims position
D. Supine position
Answer: A
Rationale: The left-side Sims position allows the enema solution to flow by gravity into the
sigmoid colon and rectum.
4. Which of the following findings regarding a new bowel stoma should the
nurse report to the provider immediately?
A. Mild swelling of the stoma in the early postoperative period.
B. A stoma that is moist and reddish-pink.
C. A stoma that is dark purple or black in color.
D. A small amount of bleeding when cleaning the stoma.
Answer: C
Rationale: A dark purple or black stoma indicates ischemia or necrosis and requires
immediate surgical intervention. Reddish-pink and moist is normal.
5. A nurse is caring for a client with an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action
is most important to prevent a catheter-associated urinary tract infection
(CAUTI)?
A. Irrigating the catheter with sterile saline daily.
B. Applying antibiotic ointment to the urinary meatus.
C. Cleaning the perineal area with antiseptic wipes every 4 hours.
D. Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder.
Answer: D
, Rationale: Keeping the drainage bag below the level of the bladder prevents the backflow
of contaminated urine into the bladder, reducing infection risk.
6. A client is prescribed a clear liquid diet. Which food item is appropriate for
this client?
A. Chicken broth
B. Vanilla pudding
C. Orange juice with pulp
D. Strained cream of mushroom soup
Answer: A
Rationale: Clear liquids include broth, bouillon, coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, clear
fruit juices, gelatin, and popsicles. Pulp and cream-based items are not clear liquids.
7. While inserting a foley catheter in a female client, the nurse accidentally
inserts it into the vagina. What should the nurse do next?
A. Remove the catheter and immediately reinsert it into the meatus.
B. Leave the catheter in the vagina and use it as a landmark while inserting a new sterile catheter.
C. Wipe the catheter with alcohol and try inserting it into the meatus.
D. Inflate the balloon to keep it in place until the doctor arrives.
Answer: B
Rationale: Leaving the first catheter in the vagina prevents the nurse from repeating the
error and ensures the second sterile catheter is placed in the urethra.
8. A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client with a new hearing aid.
Which instruction should be included?
A. Keep the volume at the highest setting at all times.
B. Clean the ear mold with a soft cloth and soapy water.
C. Soak the hearing aid in water overnight.
D. Leave the battery in the device when not in use for long periods.
Answer: B
