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GENERAL BIOLOGY I EXAM 1: OCTOBER
2025 VERSION (FULL PRACTICE EDITION)
Q1. Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the
scientific method?
a) Conclusion → Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation
b) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Conclusion
c) Hypothesis → Observation → Experiment → Conclusion
d) Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation → Conclusion
Answer: b
Rationale: The scientific method begins with observation, then
formation of a hypothesis, then experimentation to test the
hypothesis, followed by a conclusion based on results.
Q2. A hypothesis must be:
a) Proven true
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b) Testable and falsifiable
c) Complex and mathematical
d) Based on a theory
Answer: b
Rationale: A valid hypothesis must be testable (can be
evaluated through experiments) and falsifiable (can be shown to
be false). It does not need to be proven initially.
Q3. In an experiment, the variable that is manipulated by the
researcher is called the:
a) Dependent variable
b) Controlled variable
c) Independent variable
d) Confounding variable
Answer: c
Rationale: The independent variable is the one changed by the
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experimenter. The dependent variable is measured as the
outcome.
Q4. A researcher tests the effect of light on plant growth. Plants
are grown under different light durations (0, 6, 12, 18, 24
hours). The height of plants is measured after 2 weeks. The
independent variable is:
a) Plant height
b) Light duration
c) Water amount
d) Soil type
Answer: b
Rationale: Light duration is manipulated by the researcher
(independent variable). Plant height is the measured outcome
(dependent variable).
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Q5. A control group in an experiment is:
a) The group that receives the treatment
b) The group that is not exposed to the independent variable
c) The group with the highest result
d) The group that is observed first
Answer: b
Rationale: The control group serves as a baseline; it is treated
identically except that the independent variable is not applied.
Q6. A scientist hypothesizes that fertilizer increases tomato yield.
She gives fertilizer to 20 plants and no fertilizer to another 20
plants. The yield (kg per plant) is measured. What is the control
group?
a) The 20 plants that received fertilizer
b) The 20 plants that did not receive fertilizer
GENERAL BIOLOGY I EXAM 1: OCTOBER
2025 VERSION (FULL PRACTICE EDITION)
Q1. Which of the following is the correct order of steps in the
scientific method?
a) Conclusion → Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation
b) Observation → Hypothesis → Experiment → Conclusion
c) Hypothesis → Observation → Experiment → Conclusion
d) Experiment → Hypothesis → Observation → Conclusion
Answer: b
Rationale: The scientific method begins with observation, then
formation of a hypothesis, then experimentation to test the
hypothesis, followed by a conclusion based on results.
Q2. A hypothesis must be:
a) Proven true
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b) Testable and falsifiable
c) Complex and mathematical
d) Based on a theory
Answer: b
Rationale: A valid hypothesis must be testable (can be
evaluated through experiments) and falsifiable (can be shown to
be false). It does not need to be proven initially.
Q3. In an experiment, the variable that is manipulated by the
researcher is called the:
a) Dependent variable
b) Controlled variable
c) Independent variable
d) Confounding variable
Answer: c
Rationale: The independent variable is the one changed by the
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experimenter. The dependent variable is measured as the
outcome.
Q4. A researcher tests the effect of light on plant growth. Plants
are grown under different light durations (0, 6, 12, 18, 24
hours). The height of plants is measured after 2 weeks. The
independent variable is:
a) Plant height
b) Light duration
c) Water amount
d) Soil type
Answer: b
Rationale: Light duration is manipulated by the researcher
(independent variable). Plant height is the measured outcome
(dependent variable).
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Q5. A control group in an experiment is:
a) The group that receives the treatment
b) The group that is not exposed to the independent variable
c) The group with the highest result
d) The group that is observed first
Answer: b
Rationale: The control group serves as a baseline; it is treated
identically except that the independent variable is not applied.
Q6. A scientist hypothesizes that fertilizer increases tomato yield.
She gives fertilizer to 20 plants and no fertilizer to another 20
plants. The yield (kg per plant) is measured. What is the control
group?
a) The 20 plants that received fertilizer
b) The 20 plants that did not receive fertilizer
