NU 673 Midterm Exam Study
Guide – Practice Questions
with Verified Answers with
Rationales. GRADED A+. Latest
2026/2027 Update.
This consists of aggregations of neuro- nal cell bodies. It rims the surfaces of
the cerebral hemispheres, forming the cerebral cortex
A. Gray matter
B. White matter
A. Gray matter
- Deep in the brain lie additional clusters of gray matter (Fig. 17-2). These
include the basal ganglia, which affect movement, and the thalamus and the
hypothala- mus structures in the diencephalon. The thalamus processes
sensory impulses and relays them to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus
maintains homeostasis (Bickley)
- and regulates temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. The hypothalamus
affects the endocrine system and governs emotional behaviors such as anger
and sexual drive. Hormones secreted in the hypothalamus act directly on the
pitu- itary gland. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
This consists of neuronal axons that are coated with myelin. The myelin
sheaths, which create the white color, allow nerve impulses to travel more
,rapidly.
A. Gray matter
B. White matter
B. White matter
- The internal capsule is a white-matter structure where myelinated fibers
converge from all parts of the cerebral cortex and descend into the brainstem.
The brainstem, which connects the upper part of the brain with the spinal cord,
has three sec- tions: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres
and a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem
A. Reticular activating system
B. Cerebellum
A. Reticular activating system
- Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres
and a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem, the reticular
activating (arousal) system.
- The cerebellum, which lies at the base of the brain, coordinates all movement
and helps maintain the body upright in space. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Determine how many segements of the ff
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
A. Cervical C1-C8
B. Thoracic T1-T12
C. Lumbar L1-L5
D. Sacral S1-S5
,This regulates muscle movements and response to the sensations of touch and
pain
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic
A. Somatic
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of both CNs and periph- eral
nerves that project to the heart, visceral organs, skin, and limbs. It controls the
somatic nervous system, which regulates muscle move- ments and response to
the sensations of touch and pain, and the autonomic nervous system that
connects to internal organs and gener- ates autonomic reflex responses. The
autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic nervous system, which
"mobilizes organs and their functions during times of stress and arousal, and
the para- sympathetic nervous system, which conserves energy and resources
during times of rest and relaxation."5 (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Determine the pairs of peripheral nerves
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
E. Coccygeal
A. Cervical- 8
B. Thoracic- 12
C. Lumbar- 5
D. Sacral- 5
E. Coccygeal- 1
- The PNS includes spinal and peripheral nerves that carry impulses to and from
the cord. A total of 31 pairs of spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord: 8
cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each nerve has an
anterior (ventral) root containing motor fibers, and a posterior (dorsal) root
containing sensory fibers. The anterior and posterior roots merge to form a
short spinal nerve, <5 mm long. Spinal nerve fibers commingle with similar
, fibers from other levels in plexuses outside the cord, from which peripheral
nerves emerge. Most peripheral nerves contain both sensory (afferent) and
motor (efferent) fibers. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Determine the Cranial Nerve:
Oflactory: sense of smell
A. I
B. Ii
C. III
D. IV
E. V
F. Vi
G. VII
H. VIIi
I. IX
J. X
K. Xi
L. XII
XII Hypoglossal motor tongue
Determine the Cranial Nerve:
Optic: vision
A. II
B. I
C. III
D. IV
E. VI
F. V
G. VIII
H. VII
I. IX
J. XI
Guide – Practice Questions
with Verified Answers with
Rationales. GRADED A+. Latest
2026/2027 Update.
This consists of aggregations of neuro- nal cell bodies. It rims the surfaces of
the cerebral hemispheres, forming the cerebral cortex
A. Gray matter
B. White matter
A. Gray matter
- Deep in the brain lie additional clusters of gray matter (Fig. 17-2). These
include the basal ganglia, which affect movement, and the thalamus and the
hypothala- mus structures in the diencephalon. The thalamus processes
sensory impulses and relays them to the cerebral cortex. The hypothalamus
maintains homeostasis (Bickley)
- and regulates temperature, heart rate, and blood pressure. The hypothalamus
affects the endocrine system and governs emotional behaviors such as anger
and sexual drive. Hormones secreted in the hypothalamus act directly on the
pitu- itary gland. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
This consists of neuronal axons that are coated with myelin. The myelin
sheaths, which create the white color, allow nerve impulses to travel more
,rapidly.
A. Gray matter
B. White matter
B. White matter
- The internal capsule is a white-matter structure where myelinated fibers
converge from all parts of the cerebral cortex and descend into the brainstem.
The brainstem, which connects the upper part of the brain with the spinal cord,
has three sec- tions: the midbrain, the pons, and the medulla. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres
and a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem
A. Reticular activating system
B. Cerebellum
A. Reticular activating system
- Consciousness relies on the interaction between intact cerebral hemispheres
and a structure in the diencephalon and upper brainstem, the reticular
activating (arousal) system.
- The cerebellum, which lies at the base of the brain, coordinates all movement
and helps maintain the body upright in space. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Determine how many segements of the ff
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
A. Cervical C1-C8
B. Thoracic T1-T12
C. Lumbar L1-L5
D. Sacral S1-S5
,This regulates muscle movements and response to the sensations of touch and
pain
A. Somatic
B. Autonomic
A. Somatic
- The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of both CNs and periph- eral
nerves that project to the heart, visceral organs, skin, and limbs. It controls the
somatic nervous system, which regulates muscle move- ments and response to
the sensations of touch and pain, and the autonomic nervous system that
connects to internal organs and gener- ates autonomic reflex responses. The
autonomic nervous system consists of the sympathetic nervous system, which
"mobilizes organs and their functions during times of stress and arousal, and
the para- sympathetic nervous system, which conserves energy and resources
during times of rest and relaxation."5 (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Determine the pairs of peripheral nerves
A. Cervical
B. Thoracic
C. Lumbar
D. Sacral
E. Coccygeal
A. Cervical- 8
B. Thoracic- 12
C. Lumbar- 5
D. Sacral- 5
E. Coccygeal- 1
- The PNS includes spinal and peripheral nerves that carry impulses to and from
the cord. A total of 31 pairs of spinal nerves attach to the spinal cord: 8
cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, and 1 coccygeal. Each nerve has an
anterior (ventral) root containing motor fibers, and a posterior (dorsal) root
containing sensory fibers. The anterior and posterior roots merge to form a
short spinal nerve, <5 mm long. Spinal nerve fibers commingle with similar
, fibers from other levels in plexuses outside the cord, from which peripheral
nerves emerge. Most peripheral nerves contain both sensory (afferent) and
motor (efferent) fibers. (Bickley)
Bickley, Lynn S. Bates' Guide to Physical Examination and History Taking, 12th
Edition. Wolters Kluwer Health, 20160620. VitalBook file.
Determine the Cranial Nerve:
Oflactory: sense of smell
A. I
B. Ii
C. III
D. IV
E. V
F. Vi
G. VII
H. VIIi
I. IX
J. X
K. Xi
L. XII
XII Hypoglossal motor tongue
Determine the Cranial Nerve:
Optic: vision
A. II
B. I
C. III
D. IV
E. VI
F. V
G. VIII
H. VII
I. IX
J. XI
