Test Bank for Police Administration,
11th Edition Cordner (All Chapters
included) Question and Answer |
Verified Answers | Complete Study
Guide Pack
• Three ongoing concerns that continue to dominate the agenda of police
administrations are: -✓✓Terrorism, Rapid changes in technology, and coping with
difficult economic times.
• Police Administration does not take place in a vacuum, it has a _______ and a
______. -✓✓History, Context
• Peel's police commissioners were named? -✓✓Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne
• Peelian Reform -✓✓-The police should be organized along military lines.
-Securing and training proper persons is essential.
-Police should be hired on a probationary basis.
-The police should be under government control.
-Police strength should be deployed by time and area.
-Police headquarters should be centrally located.
-Police record keeping us essential.
• The foundation of Peel's approach to police administration is in his ____________. -
✓✓First two principles of being formed along military lines and securing and training
proper persons is essential.
• Wickersham vs Presidents Crime Commission: -✓✓Wichersham was in the 1930's and
said American police were totally substandard. PCC was in 1960's, and said there had
been insufficient progress in policing between the 30's and the 60's. Both found that the
quality of police personnel was low in terms of carrying out the job to be done and in
comparison to the rest of the population.
• The very idea of professionalism may encourage police officers to think of themselves
as _______. -✓✓Better than the average person.
• Key strategies of the professional model have been found to be far less effective than
originally though. They are: -✓✓Preventative patrol, rapid response, and follow up
investigations.
,• The community policing model advocates: -✓✓-A less centralized organizational
structure
-Closer ties to the community
-A stronger focus on prevention
-And a problem solving approach to work
• The diversity that makes the US such a vibrant and resilient country makes_______
and _______ responsive policing a major challenge. -✓✓Effective and Responsive
• Policing in America is predominantly a local function. -✓✓-3/4's of our nations one
million police professionals work for local governments.
-90% of the 18,000 or so agencies are local PD's or SO's.
• Consequence of the local charter of police is that half of the agencies are comprised of
_______? -✓✓10 or fewer officers.
• Over the last several decades, police administrators have become increasingly
concerned with ______. -✓✓Civil law, particularly civil liability.
• Many officers suffer from? -✓✓Litigiphobia
• Components of Community Oriented Policing -✓✓Philosophical, Strategic, Tactical,
Organizational.
• Philosophical Dimension of COP -✓✓Includes the central ideas and beliefs underlying
COP. Including the necessity of citizen input, providing tailored and personal service to
the public. The administrators job here is to articulate the agencies philosophy on
policing to the community and his officers. Make sure the philosophy really guides his
officers.
• Strategic Dimension of COP -✓✓Provided the link between broad ideas and beliefs
that underlie COP and the specific programs and practices by which it is implemented. It
assured that agency policies, priorities, resource allocation are consistent with the
community-oriented philosophy.
• Three strategic elements of COP: -✓✓Alternative police operational strategies, a
sharper geographical focus, and stronger emphasis on prevention.
• Tactical Dimension of COP -✓✓Translated the ideas philosophies, and strategies into
concrete programs, practices, and behaviors.
• Three most important tactical elements of COP: -✓✓-Positive interactions with the
public.
-Partnerships
-Problem-oriented approach to police work
,•Primarily carried out by officers, detectives, and other operational-level personnel. Not
administrators.
• Organizational dimension of COP -✓✓Addresses the changes in police organization,
administration, management, and supervision that might be required to facilitate the
implementation of COP.
• Changes of Organizational Dimensions for COP -✓✓Structure, Management, and
Information
• Duties performed by police in the 1800's include: -✓✓-controlling alcoholics,
inebriates, vagrants, the disorderly, and the homeless.
-controlling gambling, prostitution, and other forms of vice.
-controlling riots, disturbances, and crowds.
-watching for fires.
-maintaining basic public health standards in the streets and other common areas.
-inspecting businesses, taverns, and lodging houses.
-licensing peddlers, transportation for hire, and other forms of commerce.
• A study by the American Bar Foundation found that police exercised __________ in
deciding whether to arrest and prosecute when a law is violated. -✓✓Considerable
discretion
• Who found that a police officers discretion varied depending on the type of situation
encountered. That police had great latitude in self-initiated LE situations. -✓✓James Q.
Wilson
• In considering the means and ends of police work, LE is considered as one means of
the job, and not an ends. Therefore, the ends pursued by police work are its principle
goals: -✓✓Protections of life, property, and maintaining order.
• Scholarly research of the police began in the ______ and came of age in the _______.
-✓✓1950's and 1960's
• Police Services Study -✓✓Is the most valid study of patrol work.
-38% of police-citizen encounters dealt primarily with crime related problems.
-most were non-violent crimes or suspicious circumstances.
-the next most common kind of encounters were for disorder problems and traffic
related matters, each attributing to 22%.
-Lastly, 18% were primarily of a service nature.
• Similar results to the Police Services Study were found in Minneapolis and Wilmington,
Delaware. -✓✓-Minneapolis found:
, •32% of calls were classified as conflict management, 30% as crime, and 19% as
traffic.
-Wilmington found 26% of total patrol time was devoted to criminal matters, while 50%
was spent on the combination of call handling and public contact.
• Criminologists Clifford Shearing and Jeffrey Leon refer to the police "license and
capability" meaning: -✓✓The authority and power vested in the police.
• Egon Bittner has argued that the _______ is at the core of the police role. -✓✓Use of
Force
• According to Bittner, the police use "Non Negotiably coercive force: -✓✓The police
officer, not the citizen, decides whether to use force and how much to use.
• Bittner terms "intuitive grasp" suggests that: -✓✓The police officer draws on common
sense, judgement, and other personal recourses when analyzing and acting on a
situation, rather than on rules, training, or supervision.
• Situation Exigencies means: -✓✓The nature of the specific situation at hand.
• Approximately ______ Americans die each year in encounters with police. -✓✓1,000
• Sources such as ______ create a perception that police use of force is more common
than is actually the case. -✓✓YouTube
• Police Services Study percentages on encounters: -✓✓-57% interviewed a witness or
person requesting service.
-40% interrogated a suspect
-29% conducted a search or inspection
-28% lectured or threatened (other than threat of force)
-27% gave information
-23% gave reassurance
-14% used force or the threat of force
-11% gave assistance
-9% gave a ticket
-8% used persuasion
-5% made an arrest
-2% gave medical help
• Other National studies have found that police used for in ____ of public contacts in
2008, and ____ of vehicle stops in 2011. Pushing and grabbing were the most common
actions taken. -✓✓2%
11th Edition Cordner (All Chapters
included) Question and Answer |
Verified Answers | Complete Study
Guide Pack
• Three ongoing concerns that continue to dominate the agenda of police
administrations are: -✓✓Terrorism, Rapid changes in technology, and coping with
difficult economic times.
• Police Administration does not take place in a vacuum, it has a _______ and a
______. -✓✓History, Context
• Peel's police commissioners were named? -✓✓Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne
• Peelian Reform -✓✓-The police should be organized along military lines.
-Securing and training proper persons is essential.
-Police should be hired on a probationary basis.
-The police should be under government control.
-Police strength should be deployed by time and area.
-Police headquarters should be centrally located.
-Police record keeping us essential.
• The foundation of Peel's approach to police administration is in his ____________. -
✓✓First two principles of being formed along military lines and securing and training
proper persons is essential.
• Wickersham vs Presidents Crime Commission: -✓✓Wichersham was in the 1930's and
said American police were totally substandard. PCC was in 1960's, and said there had
been insufficient progress in policing between the 30's and the 60's. Both found that the
quality of police personnel was low in terms of carrying out the job to be done and in
comparison to the rest of the population.
• The very idea of professionalism may encourage police officers to think of themselves
as _______. -✓✓Better than the average person.
• Key strategies of the professional model have been found to be far less effective than
originally though. They are: -✓✓Preventative patrol, rapid response, and follow up
investigations.
,• The community policing model advocates: -✓✓-A less centralized organizational
structure
-Closer ties to the community
-A stronger focus on prevention
-And a problem solving approach to work
• The diversity that makes the US such a vibrant and resilient country makes_______
and _______ responsive policing a major challenge. -✓✓Effective and Responsive
• Policing in America is predominantly a local function. -✓✓-3/4's of our nations one
million police professionals work for local governments.
-90% of the 18,000 or so agencies are local PD's or SO's.
• Consequence of the local charter of police is that half of the agencies are comprised of
_______? -✓✓10 or fewer officers.
• Over the last several decades, police administrators have become increasingly
concerned with ______. -✓✓Civil law, particularly civil liability.
• Many officers suffer from? -✓✓Litigiphobia
• Components of Community Oriented Policing -✓✓Philosophical, Strategic, Tactical,
Organizational.
• Philosophical Dimension of COP -✓✓Includes the central ideas and beliefs underlying
COP. Including the necessity of citizen input, providing tailored and personal service to
the public. The administrators job here is to articulate the agencies philosophy on
policing to the community and his officers. Make sure the philosophy really guides his
officers.
• Strategic Dimension of COP -✓✓Provided the link between broad ideas and beliefs
that underlie COP and the specific programs and practices by which it is implemented. It
assured that agency policies, priorities, resource allocation are consistent with the
community-oriented philosophy.
• Three strategic elements of COP: -✓✓Alternative police operational strategies, a
sharper geographical focus, and stronger emphasis on prevention.
• Tactical Dimension of COP -✓✓Translated the ideas philosophies, and strategies into
concrete programs, practices, and behaviors.
• Three most important tactical elements of COP: -✓✓-Positive interactions with the
public.
-Partnerships
-Problem-oriented approach to police work
,•Primarily carried out by officers, detectives, and other operational-level personnel. Not
administrators.
• Organizational dimension of COP -✓✓Addresses the changes in police organization,
administration, management, and supervision that might be required to facilitate the
implementation of COP.
• Changes of Organizational Dimensions for COP -✓✓Structure, Management, and
Information
• Duties performed by police in the 1800's include: -✓✓-controlling alcoholics,
inebriates, vagrants, the disorderly, and the homeless.
-controlling gambling, prostitution, and other forms of vice.
-controlling riots, disturbances, and crowds.
-watching for fires.
-maintaining basic public health standards in the streets and other common areas.
-inspecting businesses, taverns, and lodging houses.
-licensing peddlers, transportation for hire, and other forms of commerce.
• A study by the American Bar Foundation found that police exercised __________ in
deciding whether to arrest and prosecute when a law is violated. -✓✓Considerable
discretion
• Who found that a police officers discretion varied depending on the type of situation
encountered. That police had great latitude in self-initiated LE situations. -✓✓James Q.
Wilson
• In considering the means and ends of police work, LE is considered as one means of
the job, and not an ends. Therefore, the ends pursued by police work are its principle
goals: -✓✓Protections of life, property, and maintaining order.
• Scholarly research of the police began in the ______ and came of age in the _______.
-✓✓1950's and 1960's
• Police Services Study -✓✓Is the most valid study of patrol work.
-38% of police-citizen encounters dealt primarily with crime related problems.
-most were non-violent crimes or suspicious circumstances.
-the next most common kind of encounters were for disorder problems and traffic
related matters, each attributing to 22%.
-Lastly, 18% were primarily of a service nature.
• Similar results to the Police Services Study were found in Minneapolis and Wilmington,
Delaware. -✓✓-Minneapolis found:
, •32% of calls were classified as conflict management, 30% as crime, and 19% as
traffic.
-Wilmington found 26% of total patrol time was devoted to criminal matters, while 50%
was spent on the combination of call handling and public contact.
• Criminologists Clifford Shearing and Jeffrey Leon refer to the police "license and
capability" meaning: -✓✓The authority and power vested in the police.
• Egon Bittner has argued that the _______ is at the core of the police role. -✓✓Use of
Force
• According to Bittner, the police use "Non Negotiably coercive force: -✓✓The police
officer, not the citizen, decides whether to use force and how much to use.
• Bittner terms "intuitive grasp" suggests that: -✓✓The police officer draws on common
sense, judgement, and other personal recourses when analyzing and acting on a
situation, rather than on rules, training, or supervision.
• Situation Exigencies means: -✓✓The nature of the specific situation at hand.
• Approximately ______ Americans die each year in encounters with police. -✓✓1,000
• Sources such as ______ create a perception that police use of force is more common
than is actually the case. -✓✓YouTube
• Police Services Study percentages on encounters: -✓✓-57% interviewed a witness or
person requesting service.
-40% interrogated a suspect
-29% conducted a search or inspection
-28% lectured or threatened (other than threat of force)
-27% gave information
-23% gave reassurance
-14% used force or the threat of force
-11% gave assistance
-9% gave a ticket
-8% used persuasion
-5% made an arrest
-2% gave medical help
• Other National studies have found that police used for in ____ of public contacts in
2008, and ____ of vehicle stops in 2011. Pushing and grabbing were the most common
actions taken. -✓✓2%
