PSYCH 3980 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
A research consumer ________ scientific results. - (answer)reads
Which of the following involves using evidence from the senses or from instruments that assist the
senses as the basis for conclusions? - (answer)empiricism
In the theory-data cycle, theories first lead to - (answer)questions
Research that is done specifically to solve a practical problem, like increasing memory ability or
decreasing symptoms of depression, is known as - (answer)applied research
What is the best description of a peer-reviewed journal article? - (answer)an article written by experts
and reviewed by other professionals in the same field of study
Different factors that could account for significant results are called - (answer)confounds
Asking questions to get the answers we want is known as - (answer)a confirmation bias
Matthew is reading an empirical journal article and wants to know whether the authors used the Big
Five Inventory (BFI-44) or the NEO-PI to measure extraversion. In which section would he find this
information? - (answer)method
When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose,"which two questions should you ask yourself
as you read? - (answer)"What is the argument?" and "What is the evidence to support the argument?"
Which of the following sources is most likely to contain only information that has been rigorously peer-
reviewed? - (answer)review journal articles
Which of the following is a dependent variable? - (answer)one that is measured
, PSYCH 3980 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
Which of the following statements is an operational definition of "fear of snakes" that could be assessed
as a structured question? - (answer)asking, "On a scale of 1 to 10, how afraid of snakes are you?"
Science journalists have argued that cigarette smoking leads to a variety of health problems. What type
of claim are they making? - (answer)causal
Dr. Ellison finds a relation between amount of sleep and problem solving. Specifically, having a higher
amount of sleep the night before an exam is associated with higher scores on two measures of problem
solving. This is an example of which type of association? - (answer)positive association
To evaluate how well a study supports a frequency claim, you need to focus most on evaluating which of
the following validities? - (answer)construct validity and external validity
Which of the following ethical violations proposed by the Belmont Report was NOT committed in the
Tuskegee Study? - (answer)Participants were not given monetary payments for their time.
What was the primary ethical concern in the Milgram study? - (answer)The potential risks to participants
outweighed the value of knowledge we can gain.
The principle of justice calls for a balance between ________ and ________ . - (answer)the kind of
people who participate in research; the kind of people who benefit from it
You submit a study for approval by the institutional review board (IRB), and they tell you that written
informed consent is required. Which of the following can be excluded from your informed consent
document? - (answer)a description of the study's hypotheses
A study suggesting a link between the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism led to
reduced vaccination rates and increased rates of measles. This example demonstrates the serious
implications of - (answer)data falsification/fabrication.
What is the term for a researcher's definition of the variable in question at a theoretical level? -
(answer)conceptual definition
A research consumer ________ scientific results. - (answer)reads
Which of the following involves using evidence from the senses or from instruments that assist the
senses as the basis for conclusions? - (answer)empiricism
In the theory-data cycle, theories first lead to - (answer)questions
Research that is done specifically to solve a practical problem, like increasing memory ability or
decreasing symptoms of depression, is known as - (answer)applied research
What is the best description of a peer-reviewed journal article? - (answer)an article written by experts
and reviewed by other professionals in the same field of study
Different factors that could account for significant results are called - (answer)confounds
Asking questions to get the answers we want is known as - (answer)a confirmation bias
Matthew is reading an empirical journal article and wants to know whether the authors used the Big
Five Inventory (BFI-44) or the NEO-PI to measure extraversion. In which section would he find this
information? - (answer)method
When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose,"which two questions should you ask yourself
as you read? - (answer)"What is the argument?" and "What is the evidence to support the argument?"
Which of the following sources is most likely to contain only information that has been rigorously peer-
reviewed? - (answer)review journal articles
Which of the following is a dependent variable? - (answer)one that is measured
, PSYCH 3980 FINAL EXAM - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATE | 100% CORRECT.
Which of the following statements is an operational definition of "fear of snakes" that could be assessed
as a structured question? - (answer)asking, "On a scale of 1 to 10, how afraid of snakes are you?"
Science journalists have argued that cigarette smoking leads to a variety of health problems. What type
of claim are they making? - (answer)causal
Dr. Ellison finds a relation between amount of sleep and problem solving. Specifically, having a higher
amount of sleep the night before an exam is associated with higher scores on two measures of problem
solving. This is an example of which type of association? - (answer)positive association
To evaluate how well a study supports a frequency claim, you need to focus most on evaluating which of
the following validities? - (answer)construct validity and external validity
Which of the following ethical violations proposed by the Belmont Report was NOT committed in the
Tuskegee Study? - (answer)Participants were not given monetary payments for their time.
What was the primary ethical concern in the Milgram study? - (answer)The potential risks to participants
outweighed the value of knowledge we can gain.
The principle of justice calls for a balance between ________ and ________ . - (answer)the kind of
people who participate in research; the kind of people who benefit from it
You submit a study for approval by the institutional review board (IRB), and they tell you that written
informed consent is required. Which of the following can be excluded from your informed consent
document? - (answer)a description of the study's hypotheses
A study suggesting a link between the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism led to
reduced vaccination rates and increased rates of measles. This example demonstrates the serious
implications of - (answer)data falsification/fabrication.
What is the term for a researcher's definition of the variable in question at a theoretical level? -
(answer)conceptual definition
