WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
Occupational Safety and Health Act - Answer OSH Act
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Answer OSHA
National Fire Protection Association - Answer NFPA;
creates standards and codes to help form safe environments and prevent accidents
Code of Federal Regulations - Answer CFR
Emergency action plan - Answer EAP
Fire prevention plan - Answer FPP
Safety data sheets - Answer SDS;
required documentation that identifies potential hazards;
formerly MSDS (material SDS)
Biometric Systems - Answer Systems that measure and analyze specific
characteristics of the human body for the purpose of authentication
FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) - Answer federal law that
requires all educational institutions to protect the privacy of student education
records
FISMA (Federal Information Security Management Act) - Answer a federal law that
was developed to protect government information, operations, and assets against
security threats
GLBA (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act) - Answer federal law that requires all financial
institutions to protect customer financial information data, to safeguard the financial
information against security threats, and to deny any unwarranted access to financial
data
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) - Answer federal law that
requires all health-related agencies to protect the personally identifiable information
(PII) of patients
PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) - Answer standard set by
the Payment Card Industry that holds banks and merchants accountable for any
credit card breach
MOU (memorandum of understanding) - Answer a formal agreement between two or
more parties to establish official service partnerships;
sometimes called letter of intent (LOI)
,WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
SLA (Service Level Agreement) - Answer a formal agreement typically between a
service provider and a client or end user that defines the level of service expected
from the provider
MSA (master service agreement) - Answer an overarching document that creates a
framework for multiple service level agreements;
facilitates the creation of future agreements
MLA (Master license agreement) - Answer defines the owner rights, terms, and
conditions related to intellectual property
NDA (Non-Disclosure Agreement) - Answer a legal agreement to bind a party or
parties to not disclose or share specific information
SOW (Statement of work) - Answer a document often used in conjunction with an
MSA that contains all the specifics of the service;
includes deliverables, schedules, responsibilities
AUP (Acceptable Use Policy) - Answer outlines the acceptable use of IT equipment
and related services
incident response policy - Answer 1. preparation
2. identification
3. containment
4. eradication
5. recovery
6. follow-up
privileged user agreement - Answer establishes expectations for the conduct of
individuals granted privileged access to an organization's enterprise systems and
services
SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) - Answer a procedure document that
describes routine operations accompanied by step-by-step instructions showing how
to perform routine activities;
ensures quality and consistency of operations
password policy - Answer sets rules for computing passwords for an organization
MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) - Answer measures the system's reliability by
identifying the average time between failures
MTTF (mean time to failure) - Answer predicts the equipment runtime before a failure
requires the equipment to be replaced
,WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
MTTR (mean time to recover or repair) - Answer measures the average time it takes
to bring a system back from failure
full backup - Answer most complete type of backup, where all data is copied to a
designed backup location or medium
differential backup - Answer includes all data that has changed since the last full
backup
incremental backup - Answer only include data that has changed since the previous
backup copy;
takes the least time and the least storage space
HA (High Availability) - Answer describes systems that are in continuous operation
for a long time, with minimal downtime
cold site - Answer empty facility with only power and cooling, but no equipment or
racks
hot site - Answer full-blown operational facility with power, cooling, and equipment
racked and powered up and connected to the network; a duplicate of the current
data center
warm site - Answer a not-yet-operational facility with power, cooling, and rack space;
equipment is onsite but not racked or powered up
asset management (inventory management) - Answer protect assets and prevent
misuse/loss of assets by establishing self-inventory that can be used in the audit
process;
from the procurement stage to assignment stage to disposal stage
core - Answer An independent processing unit that is responsible for reading and
executing program instructions
cache - Answer A block of memory set aside for temporary storage of information
Virtualization - Answer A technology concept that involves creating a virtual
computer
virtual machine - Answer VM, guest machine, guest VM
Host Machine - Answer Another name for a physical machine or virtual host
Hypervisor - Answer Software that is used for managing and controlling the
underlying physical hardware and associated virtual hardware
, WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
Virtual machine monitor - Answer VMM
Type 1 Hypervisor (bare-metal hypervisor) - Answer A hypervisor that is loaded
directly on hardware to abstract the hardware to the virtualization layer and that is
commonly used on servers
Type 2 Hypervisor (hosted hypervisor) - Answer A hypervisor that is loaded on an
operating system and abstracts the virtualization layer through its host operating
system and is commonly used on personal computers
vMotion, XenMotion, Live Migration - Answer Different vendor options for moving a
designated host server in the event of a physical server failure
Hyper-V (a type 1 hypervisor) - Answer A virtualization program that is part of
Windows operating systems
virtual switch - Answer A software-based switch that is used for establishing
connections between virtual and physical networks
vSwitch (type 1 virtual switch; standard virtual switch) - Answer typical virtual switch
that is dedicated to one specific host and must be managed from that host
dvSwitch (type 2 virtual switch; distributed virtual switch) - Answer virtual switch that
can span multiple host VMs, connecting their virtual networks together and needs to
communicate with central control plane
Cloud - Answer Another name for Internet-based services
Outsourcing - Answer Obtaining goods or services from an outside source rather
than an internal source
cloud computing (cloud service) - Answer An outsourced and hosted computing
environment that delivers IT services to users via a network
MX (mail exchange) record - Answer The mail exchange record, which points to the
incoming email servers of the organization
CNAME record (canonical name record) - Answer used to specify that a domain
name is an alias for another domain (alias for a hostname)
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) - Answer A service that focuses on the facilities
and infrastructure in the data center and the virtualization and abstraction layer that
exists on top of the physical facilities and infrastructure
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
Occupational Safety and Health Act - Answer OSH Act
Occupational Safety and Health Administration - Answer OSHA
National Fire Protection Association - Answer NFPA;
creates standards and codes to help form safe environments and prevent accidents
Code of Federal Regulations - Answer CFR
Emergency action plan - Answer EAP
Fire prevention plan - Answer FPP
Safety data sheets - Answer SDS;
required documentation that identifies potential hazards;
formerly MSDS (material SDS)
Biometric Systems - Answer Systems that measure and analyze specific
characteristics of the human body for the purpose of authentication
FERPA (Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act) - Answer federal law that
requires all educational institutions to protect the privacy of student education
records
FISMA (Federal Information Security Management Act) - Answer a federal law that
was developed to protect government information, operations, and assets against
security threats
GLBA (Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act) - Answer federal law that requires all financial
institutions to protect customer financial information data, to safeguard the financial
information against security threats, and to deny any unwarranted access to financial
data
HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) - Answer federal law that
requires all health-related agencies to protect the personally identifiable information
(PII) of patients
PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard) - Answer standard set by
the Payment Card Industry that holds banks and merchants accountable for any
credit card breach
MOU (memorandum of understanding) - Answer a formal agreement between two or
more parties to establish official service partnerships;
sometimes called letter of intent (LOI)
,WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
SLA (Service Level Agreement) - Answer a formal agreement typically between a
service provider and a client or end user that defines the level of service expected
from the provider
MSA (master service agreement) - Answer an overarching document that creates a
framework for multiple service level agreements;
facilitates the creation of future agreements
MLA (Master license agreement) - Answer defines the owner rights, terms, and
conditions related to intellectual property
NDA (Non-Disclosure Agreement) - Answer a legal agreement to bind a party or
parties to not disclose or share specific information
SOW (Statement of work) - Answer a document often used in conjunction with an
MSA that contains all the specifics of the service;
includes deliverables, schedules, responsibilities
AUP (Acceptable Use Policy) - Answer outlines the acceptable use of IT equipment
and related services
incident response policy - Answer 1. preparation
2. identification
3. containment
4. eradication
5. recovery
6. follow-up
privileged user agreement - Answer establishes expectations for the conduct of
individuals granted privileged access to an organization's enterprise systems and
services
SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) - Answer a procedure document that
describes routine operations accompanied by step-by-step instructions showing how
to perform routine activities;
ensures quality and consistency of operations
password policy - Answer sets rules for computing passwords for an organization
MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) - Answer measures the system's reliability by
identifying the average time between failures
MTTF (mean time to failure) - Answer predicts the equipment runtime before a failure
requires the equipment to be replaced
,WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
MTTR (mean time to recover or repair) - Answer measures the average time it takes
to bring a system back from failure
full backup - Answer most complete type of backup, where all data is copied to a
designed backup location or medium
differential backup - Answer includes all data that has changed since the last full
backup
incremental backup - Answer only include data that has changed since the previous
backup copy;
takes the least time and the least storage space
HA (High Availability) - Answer describes systems that are in continuous operation
for a long time, with minimal downtime
cold site - Answer empty facility with only power and cooling, but no equipment or
racks
hot site - Answer full-blown operational facility with power, cooling, and equipment
racked and powered up and connected to the network; a duplicate of the current
data center
warm site - Answer a not-yet-operational facility with power, cooling, and rack space;
equipment is onsite but not racked or powered up
asset management (inventory management) - Answer protect assets and prevent
misuse/loss of assets by establishing self-inventory that can be used in the audit
process;
from the procurement stage to assignment stage to disposal stage
core - Answer An independent processing unit that is responsible for reading and
executing program instructions
cache - Answer A block of memory set aside for temporary storage of information
Virtualization - Answer A technology concept that involves creating a virtual
computer
virtual machine - Answer VM, guest machine, guest VM
Host Machine - Answer Another name for a physical machine or virtual host
Hypervisor - Answer Software that is used for managing and controlling the
underlying physical hardware and associated virtual hardware
, WGU C172 WGU COMPLETE
v3(VERSION 3 RELEASED
4/15/2026)Updated!
Virtual machine monitor - Answer VMM
Type 1 Hypervisor (bare-metal hypervisor) - Answer A hypervisor that is loaded
directly on hardware to abstract the hardware to the virtualization layer and that is
commonly used on servers
Type 2 Hypervisor (hosted hypervisor) - Answer A hypervisor that is loaded on an
operating system and abstracts the virtualization layer through its host operating
system and is commonly used on personal computers
vMotion, XenMotion, Live Migration - Answer Different vendor options for moving a
designated host server in the event of a physical server failure
Hyper-V (a type 1 hypervisor) - Answer A virtualization program that is part of
Windows operating systems
virtual switch - Answer A software-based switch that is used for establishing
connections between virtual and physical networks
vSwitch (type 1 virtual switch; standard virtual switch) - Answer typical virtual switch
that is dedicated to one specific host and must be managed from that host
dvSwitch (type 2 virtual switch; distributed virtual switch) - Answer virtual switch that
can span multiple host VMs, connecting their virtual networks together and needs to
communicate with central control plane
Cloud - Answer Another name for Internet-based services
Outsourcing - Answer Obtaining goods or services from an outside source rather
than an internal source
cloud computing (cloud service) - Answer An outsourced and hosted computing
environment that delivers IT services to users via a network
MX (mail exchange) record - Answer The mail exchange record, which points to the
incoming email servers of the organization
CNAME record (canonical name record) - Answer used to specify that a domain
name is an alias for another domain (alias for a hostname)
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service) - Answer A service that focuses on the facilities
and infrastructure in the data center and the virtualization and abstraction layer that
exists on top of the physical facilities and infrastructure
