PSYCH 3980 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
A research consumer ________ scientific results. - ANS reads
Which of the following involves using evidence from the senses or from instruments that assist
the senses as the basis for conclusions? - ANS empiricism
In the theory-data cycle, theories first lead to - ANS questions
Research that is done specifically to solve a practical problem, like increasing memory ability or
decreasing symptoms of depression, is known as - ANS applied research
What is the best description of a peer-reviewed journal article? - ANS an article written by
experts and reviewed by other professionals in the same field of study
Different factors that could account for significant results are called - ANS confounds
Asking questions to get the answers we want is known as - ANS a confirmation bias
Matthew is reading an empirical journal article and wants to know whether the authors used
the Big Five Inventory (BFI-44) or the NEO-PI to measure extraversion. In which section would
he find this information? - ANS method
1
, When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose,"which two questions should you ask
yourself as you read? - ANS "What is the argument?" and "What is the evidence to
support the argument?"
Which of the following sources is most likely to contain only information that has been
rigorously peer-reviewed? - ANS review journal articles
Which of the following is a dependent variable? - ANS one that is measured
Which of the following statements is an operational definition of "fear of snakes" that could be
assessed as a structured question? - ANS asking, "On a scale of 1 to 10, how afraid of
snakes are you?"
Science journalists have argued that cigarette smoking leads to a variety of health problems.
What type of claim are they making? - ANS causal
Dr. Ellison finds a relation between amount of sleep and problem solving. Specifically, having a
higher amount of sleep the night before an exam is associated with higher scores on two
measures of problem solving. This is an example of which type of association? -
ANS positive association
To evaluate how well a study supports a frequency claim, you need to focus most on evaluating
which of the following validities? - ANS construct validity and external validity
Which of the following ethical violations proposed by the Belmont Report was NOT committed
in the Tuskegee Study? - ANS Participants were not given monetary payments for their
time.
What was the primary ethical concern in the Milgram study? - ANS The potential risks to
participants outweighed the value of knowledge we can gain.
The principle of justice calls for a balance between ________ and ________ . - ANS the
kind of people who participate in research; the kind of people who benefit from it
2
AND ANSWERS 2026 VERIFIED.
A research consumer ________ scientific results. - ANS reads
Which of the following involves using evidence from the senses or from instruments that assist
the senses as the basis for conclusions? - ANS empiricism
In the theory-data cycle, theories first lead to - ANS questions
Research that is done specifically to solve a practical problem, like increasing memory ability or
decreasing symptoms of depression, is known as - ANS applied research
What is the best description of a peer-reviewed journal article? - ANS an article written by
experts and reviewed by other professionals in the same field of study
Different factors that could account for significant results are called - ANS confounds
Asking questions to get the answers we want is known as - ANS a confirmation bias
Matthew is reading an empirical journal article and wants to know whether the authors used
the Big Five Inventory (BFI-44) or the NEO-PI to measure extraversion. In which section would
he find this information? - ANS method
1
, When reading an empirical journal article "with a purpose,"which two questions should you ask
yourself as you read? - ANS "What is the argument?" and "What is the evidence to
support the argument?"
Which of the following sources is most likely to contain only information that has been
rigorously peer-reviewed? - ANS review journal articles
Which of the following is a dependent variable? - ANS one that is measured
Which of the following statements is an operational definition of "fear of snakes" that could be
assessed as a structured question? - ANS asking, "On a scale of 1 to 10, how afraid of
snakes are you?"
Science journalists have argued that cigarette smoking leads to a variety of health problems.
What type of claim are they making? - ANS causal
Dr. Ellison finds a relation between amount of sleep and problem solving. Specifically, having a
higher amount of sleep the night before an exam is associated with higher scores on two
measures of problem solving. This is an example of which type of association? -
ANS positive association
To evaluate how well a study supports a frequency claim, you need to focus most on evaluating
which of the following validities? - ANS construct validity and external validity
Which of the following ethical violations proposed by the Belmont Report was NOT committed
in the Tuskegee Study? - ANS Participants were not given monetary payments for their
time.
What was the primary ethical concern in the Milgram study? - ANS The potential risks to
participants outweighed the value of knowledge we can gain.
The principle of justice calls for a balance between ________ and ________ . - ANS the
kind of people who participate in research; the kind of people who benefit from it
2
