NUR160 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF
PRACTICAL NURSING FINAL EXAM 2026
COMPLETE PREPARATION GUIDE
◉ secondary. Answer: PREVENTION:
- Screenings for illnesses or diseases for early detection and prevent
progression
- Ex. Paps, mammograms, colonoscopies, vision/hearing exam, lab
work
◉ tertiary. Answer: PREVENTION:
- Actions to maintain health with current diagnosis and reduce
disease complications
- Ex: Diet, exercise, meds, counseling, behavioral therapy, speech, PT,
OT, labs
◉ TURP. Answer: transurethral resection of the prostate gland
◉ remove prostate gland. Answer: TURP is used to
◉ BPH worsening. Answer: TURP is used when
,◉ BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia). Answer: - Enlarged prostate
glad encircles male urethra
- inflamed prostate
- Squeezes urethra and prevents bladder emptying
- coude catheter
◉ BPH. Answer: S/S:
- Oliguria (no urine)
- hematuria (blood in urine)
- Pressure
- UTIs
- Frequent urges to urinate with very little stream
- No emptying bladder fully
DIAG Testing:
- bladder scan
- urinalysis
- cystoscopy
- IVP
◉ BPH. Answer: Medical Treatment:
- Meds: flomax, cardura, terazon, proscar
,- TURP (if worsening)
- Proctectomy
◉ BPH. Answer: Nursing Interventions:
- Insert foley (coude)
- If TURP, bladder irrigation to prevent hematuria post-op
◉ RA. Answer: - Affects immune sx
- Inflammation of synovial membrane
- Destroys cartilage, joint capsule, bones, ligaments, and tendons
- Most common affected joints = wrists, knees, knuckles
- children nearing adolescence, 20-50 y/o, family hx
◉ RA. Answer: S/S:
- Edema, pain, erythema, heat, tenderness, nodule formation, fatigue,
stiffness, muscle, aches, and fever
DIAG TEST:
- RF, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, c-reactive protein, CBC, X-ray,
examination of joint
◉ RA. Answer: TREATMENT:
, - control rain and inflammation
- balance exercise/rest
- provide joint inflammation
- encourage weight control and stress reduction
- surgically replace joints
◉ RA. Answer: NUTRITION:
- Olive oil, omega-3, beans, broccoli, citrus, nuts, ginger, turmeric,
greens, tea, soy, whole grains
AVOID:
- Red meat, dairy, grilled foods, fast/friend foods, processed foods,
salt, sugar
◉ OA. Answer: - most common arthritis
- degeneration of cartilage from wear and tear
- bone spur formation
- often affects one side of body (hands, spine, knees, hips)
- 45 to 90 y/o
- loss of flexibility
- grating sensation
PRACTICAL NURSING FINAL EXAM 2026
COMPLETE PREPARATION GUIDE
◉ secondary. Answer: PREVENTION:
- Screenings for illnesses or diseases for early detection and prevent
progression
- Ex. Paps, mammograms, colonoscopies, vision/hearing exam, lab
work
◉ tertiary. Answer: PREVENTION:
- Actions to maintain health with current diagnosis and reduce
disease complications
- Ex: Diet, exercise, meds, counseling, behavioral therapy, speech, PT,
OT, labs
◉ TURP. Answer: transurethral resection of the prostate gland
◉ remove prostate gland. Answer: TURP is used to
◉ BPH worsening. Answer: TURP is used when
,◉ BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia). Answer: - Enlarged prostate
glad encircles male urethra
- inflamed prostate
- Squeezes urethra and prevents bladder emptying
- coude catheter
◉ BPH. Answer: S/S:
- Oliguria (no urine)
- hematuria (blood in urine)
- Pressure
- UTIs
- Frequent urges to urinate with very little stream
- No emptying bladder fully
DIAG Testing:
- bladder scan
- urinalysis
- cystoscopy
- IVP
◉ BPH. Answer: Medical Treatment:
- Meds: flomax, cardura, terazon, proscar
,- TURP (if worsening)
- Proctectomy
◉ BPH. Answer: Nursing Interventions:
- Insert foley (coude)
- If TURP, bladder irrigation to prevent hematuria post-op
◉ RA. Answer: - Affects immune sx
- Inflammation of synovial membrane
- Destroys cartilage, joint capsule, bones, ligaments, and tendons
- Most common affected joints = wrists, knees, knuckles
- children nearing adolescence, 20-50 y/o, family hx
◉ RA. Answer: S/S:
- Edema, pain, erythema, heat, tenderness, nodule formation, fatigue,
stiffness, muscle, aches, and fever
DIAG TEST:
- RF, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, c-reactive protein, CBC, X-ray,
examination of joint
◉ RA. Answer: TREATMENT:
, - control rain and inflammation
- balance exercise/rest
- provide joint inflammation
- encourage weight control and stress reduction
- surgically replace joints
◉ RA. Answer: NUTRITION:
- Olive oil, omega-3, beans, broccoli, citrus, nuts, ginger, turmeric,
greens, tea, soy, whole grains
AVOID:
- Red meat, dairy, grilled foods, fast/friend foods, processed foods,
salt, sugar
◉ OA. Answer: - most common arthritis
- degeneration of cartilage from wear and tear
- bone spur formation
- often affects one side of body (hands, spine, knees, hips)
- 45 to 90 y/o
- loss of flexibility
- grating sensation
