NUR2513 EXAM 4 FINAL TEST PAPER 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A+
◉ open-ended questions Answer: prompts patients to describe a
situation in more than one or two words
◉ back channeling Answer: use of active listening prompts such as
"all right", "go on", or "uh huh"
◉ probing Answer: encouraging a full description without trying to
control the direction the story takes
◉ close-ended questions Answer: limit answers to one or two words
such as "yes" "no" or a number or frequency of a symptom
◉ Diagnosis Answer: analyze data to identify problems (human
responses). Write nursing diagnoses. Prioritize diagnoses. In
syllabus addendum (top 3 diagnoses)
The diagnosis phase is a critical phase of the nursing process
because....it links the assessment phase to the rest of the nursing
process....
,Drawing wrong conclusion can really take you off track (pay close
attention to definition of nursing diagnoses)
◉ What should you first do to diagnose? Answer: Identify cues and
make inferences. (Look at NAG. The objective and subjective data act
as cues from which you will make inference)
◉ What are some examples of cues and inferences? Answer: Cue" "I
have trouble moving my bowels" Inference "may be constipated"
Cue: "I don't want to talk" Inference: "May be depressed or angry"
Cue: "Blood pressure is 60/50" Inference: the person is in shock
Cue: "I can't stand this pain anymore" Inference: The person is
experiencing unbearable pain.
◉ Normal vs. abnormal (What should you ask yourself?) Answer:
What's normal for another person this age?...this sex?...this physical
stature?...this culture?...this developmental stage?
What's normal for a person with this disease process?...on this
medication?...this occupation?...this socioeconomical status?...this
lifestyle?
If I compare the data I've just collected to the baseline data or data
gathered in the last 24 hours to 48 hours are there changes that
reflect increasing problems?
,Are there slightly abnormal factors that, when put together, suggest
an overall picture of abnormal?
Is what the patient accepts as normal detrimental to his/her health?
◉ Nursing Diagnosis vs Medical Diagnosis Answer: *Nursing
Diagnosis: Focus on patient response & Identify potential problems
*Medical Diagnosis:Disease process
Primary emphasis on identifying
the current problem
*Both use physical assessment, interviewing and observing as ways
to derive the diagnosis
*Both are designed for planning patient care
◉ Collaborative Problem Answer: Actual or potential physiological
complication that nurses monitor to detect a change in patient
status
◉ All women after giving birth to a baby are at risk for developing
postpartum hemorrhage. (is this nursing diagnosis, medical
diagnosis or colloborative problem?) Answer: Collaborative Problem
, ◉ What are some resources to identify nursing diagnoses? Answer:
Diagnostic label..NANDA taxonomy...Doenge's Nurse's Pocket Guide
◉ What are the characteristics of Nursing Diagnoses? Answer:
Labels client responses--physical, sociocultural, psychological,
spiritual.
Actual--client has actual signs/symptoms of problem.
Risk--client is at risk for developing this problem.
Wellness
◉ What is the ANA Standard for a Nursing Diagnosis? Answer: the
nurse analyzes the assessment in determining diagnoses. According
to guidelines, the diagnosis must be:
based on data collected during assessment of the client
validated with the client
documented so that it can be used in further development of the
plan of care.
◉ Actual Nursing Diagnoses Answer: existing response to condition.
problem exists. supporting signs and/or symptoms are present.
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A+
◉ open-ended questions Answer: prompts patients to describe a
situation in more than one or two words
◉ back channeling Answer: use of active listening prompts such as
"all right", "go on", or "uh huh"
◉ probing Answer: encouraging a full description without trying to
control the direction the story takes
◉ close-ended questions Answer: limit answers to one or two words
such as "yes" "no" or a number or frequency of a symptom
◉ Diagnosis Answer: analyze data to identify problems (human
responses). Write nursing diagnoses. Prioritize diagnoses. In
syllabus addendum (top 3 diagnoses)
The diagnosis phase is a critical phase of the nursing process
because....it links the assessment phase to the rest of the nursing
process....
,Drawing wrong conclusion can really take you off track (pay close
attention to definition of nursing diagnoses)
◉ What should you first do to diagnose? Answer: Identify cues and
make inferences. (Look at NAG. The objective and subjective data act
as cues from which you will make inference)
◉ What are some examples of cues and inferences? Answer: Cue" "I
have trouble moving my bowels" Inference "may be constipated"
Cue: "I don't want to talk" Inference: "May be depressed or angry"
Cue: "Blood pressure is 60/50" Inference: the person is in shock
Cue: "I can't stand this pain anymore" Inference: The person is
experiencing unbearable pain.
◉ Normal vs. abnormal (What should you ask yourself?) Answer:
What's normal for another person this age?...this sex?...this physical
stature?...this culture?...this developmental stage?
What's normal for a person with this disease process?...on this
medication?...this occupation?...this socioeconomical status?...this
lifestyle?
If I compare the data I've just collected to the baseline data or data
gathered in the last 24 hours to 48 hours are there changes that
reflect increasing problems?
,Are there slightly abnormal factors that, when put together, suggest
an overall picture of abnormal?
Is what the patient accepts as normal detrimental to his/her health?
◉ Nursing Diagnosis vs Medical Diagnosis Answer: *Nursing
Diagnosis: Focus on patient response & Identify potential problems
*Medical Diagnosis:Disease process
Primary emphasis on identifying
the current problem
*Both use physical assessment, interviewing and observing as ways
to derive the diagnosis
*Both are designed for planning patient care
◉ Collaborative Problem Answer: Actual or potential physiological
complication that nurses monitor to detect a change in patient
status
◉ All women after giving birth to a baby are at risk for developing
postpartum hemorrhage. (is this nursing diagnosis, medical
diagnosis or colloborative problem?) Answer: Collaborative Problem
, ◉ What are some resources to identify nursing diagnoses? Answer:
Diagnostic label..NANDA taxonomy...Doenge's Nurse's Pocket Guide
◉ What are the characteristics of Nursing Diagnoses? Answer:
Labels client responses--physical, sociocultural, psychological,
spiritual.
Actual--client has actual signs/symptoms of problem.
Risk--client is at risk for developing this problem.
Wellness
◉ What is the ANA Standard for a Nursing Diagnosis? Answer: the
nurse analyzes the assessment in determining diagnoses. According
to guidelines, the diagnosis must be:
based on data collected during assessment of the client
validated with the client
documented so that it can be used in further development of the
plan of care.
◉ Actual Nursing Diagnoses Answer: existing response to condition.
problem exists. supporting signs and/or symptoms are present.
