Unit 4: Nutrition and Physical Activity (Cohort 2)
Reading: "Physical Activity and Health" at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Identify exercise recommendations for populations - children, adults, adults with weight loss
goals. What recommendations would you give a patient who would like to increase their
physical activity level?
What recommendations would you give a patient who would like to increase their physical
activity level?
What are health benefits of exercise for those with chronic diseases?
Improved health-related quality of life, fitness, lower risk of dying from cancer, decreased
pain, improved physical function, lower risk of CV disease, lower BP, reduced progression of
disease indicators: hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, body mass index, improved condition, etc.
What diseases/conditions are linked to lack of exercise? CAD, stroke, cancer, DM2, obesity,
HTN, osteoporosis, hyperlipidemia, brain health.
How do you calculate a PAL (physical activity level)? There is a table that that gibes ranges of
values of PAL depending on the type of activity you perform.
Total energy expenditure over 24hrs
Basal Metabolic Rate over 24 hrs
Reading: "Diabetes, Eating and Physical Activity" at National Institute of Diabetes and
Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Identify foods recommended for a diabetic patient.
Vegetables: non starchy: broccoli, carrots, greens, peppers, and tomatoes; starchy: potatoes,
corn, and green peas.
Fruits: oranges, melon, berries, apples, bananas, and grapes
Protein: lean meat, chicken or turkey without the skin, fish eggs, nuts and peanuts, dried beans
and certain peas, such as chickpeas and split peas, tofu, etc.
Dairy—nonfat or low fat: milk or lactose-free milk if you have lactose intolerance, yogurt,
cheese.
Identify foods that should be avoided by the diabetic patient.
Fried foods high in sat. and trans fat, high in salt, sweets such as baked goods, candy and ice
cream, beverages with added sugars, such as juice. Regular soda, and regular sports or energy
drinks.
What are two common meal plan methods that can help diabetic patients manage their diet and
how do they provide guidelines for meal planning? Plate method and carbohydrate counting.
The plate methods helps you control your portion sizes. Use a 9 in ch plate and place non
starchy veggies on helpf of the plate, a meat or protein on one fourth and a grain or other starch
on the last forth.
What is medical nutrition therapy (MNT)? It’s a service provided by an RD to create personal
eating plans based on your needs and likes.
What are recommendations for managing blood sugar with exercise? Experts suggest that you
airm for at least 30 minutes of moderate or vigorous physical activity 5 days of the week.
, What are recommendations for diabetics to control hypoglycemia? I you take insulin, providers
suggest you take less insulin or eat a small snack with carbs before, during, or after physical
activity.
Differentiate between aerobic, muscle-strengthening and bone-strengthening activities.
Aerobic exercises makes your heart beat faster and makes you breathe harder (for like 30 min).
muscle strength for 2-3 times a week. This includes hand weights, elastic bands or weight
machines. Helps with bones as well.
Reading: The Impact of Brief High-Intensity Exercise on Blood Glucose Levels
Understand the impact of exercise on glucose uptake and reduction of blood sugar in patients
with type II diabetes. During exercise, muscle utilizes glucose made available by intramuscular
glycogenolysis and by increased glucose uptake.In conclusion, there is a glucose uptake by a
pathway that is not depended on insulin.
Differentiate between moderate and vigorous activities
Define ergogenic aids. Substances or devices that enhance energy production, us or recover
and provide athletes with a competitive advantage.
Reading: Chapter 8: "Intervening to Change the Public's Eating Behavior"
How can the food environment in schools be modified to promote healthier eating habits
among children? Carrying nutritious foods to school, not taking money to school, reducing
gavailabily of junk food at home and school.
Reading: Review the information found at President's Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition.
What are the health benefits of exercise on disease prevention and quality of life? Exercise
reduced the risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, stroke, DM2, heart disease, cancer. It
can help control weight, improve sleep, relieve stress, decrease depression potential, etc.
Unit 5: Nutrition Through the Lifecycle (Cohort 3)
Reading: Chapter 9: "Growing a Healthier Nation: Maternal, Infant, Child, and Adolescent
Nutrition with an Emphasis on Childhood Overweight"
What is the recommended weight gain - based on the BMI of the woman when she became
pregnant - for underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese women?
Normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9): gain between 25 and 36 Ibs
Underweight (BMI<18.5): between 28 and 40 Ibs
Overweight (BMI 25-29.9): between 15 and 20 lbs
Obese (BMI > or = 30) between 11 to 20 lbs
Identify risk factors for preterm delivery.
How much additional energy (kcal/day) does a woman require in the first, second and third
trimesters? In the 1st trimester, it is the same as nonpregnant women. 2nd trimester, additional
340 kcal/day. 3rd trimester is additional 452 kcal/day.
How much additional protein (g/day) does a woman require while pregnant? 25 g/day for all 3
trimesters.
What are the recommendations surrounding smoking and alcohol consumption by pregnant
women? Don’t do it, duh.
Reading: "Physical Activity and Health" at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Identify exercise recommendations for populations - children, adults, adults with weight loss
goals. What recommendations would you give a patient who would like to increase their
physical activity level?
What recommendations would you give a patient who would like to increase their physical
activity level?
What are health benefits of exercise for those with chronic diseases?
Improved health-related quality of life, fitness, lower risk of dying from cancer, decreased
pain, improved physical function, lower risk of CV disease, lower BP, reduced progression of
disease indicators: hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, body mass index, improved condition, etc.
What diseases/conditions are linked to lack of exercise? CAD, stroke, cancer, DM2, obesity,
HTN, osteoporosis, hyperlipidemia, brain health.
How do you calculate a PAL (physical activity level)? There is a table that that gibes ranges of
values of PAL depending on the type of activity you perform.
Total energy expenditure over 24hrs
Basal Metabolic Rate over 24 hrs
Reading: "Diabetes, Eating and Physical Activity" at National Institute of Diabetes and
Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Identify foods recommended for a diabetic patient.
Vegetables: non starchy: broccoli, carrots, greens, peppers, and tomatoes; starchy: potatoes,
corn, and green peas.
Fruits: oranges, melon, berries, apples, bananas, and grapes
Protein: lean meat, chicken or turkey without the skin, fish eggs, nuts and peanuts, dried beans
and certain peas, such as chickpeas and split peas, tofu, etc.
Dairy—nonfat or low fat: milk or lactose-free milk if you have lactose intolerance, yogurt,
cheese.
Identify foods that should be avoided by the diabetic patient.
Fried foods high in sat. and trans fat, high in salt, sweets such as baked goods, candy and ice
cream, beverages with added sugars, such as juice. Regular soda, and regular sports or energy
drinks.
What are two common meal plan methods that can help diabetic patients manage their diet and
how do they provide guidelines for meal planning? Plate method and carbohydrate counting.
The plate methods helps you control your portion sizes. Use a 9 in ch plate and place non
starchy veggies on helpf of the plate, a meat or protein on one fourth and a grain or other starch
on the last forth.
What is medical nutrition therapy (MNT)? It’s a service provided by an RD to create personal
eating plans based on your needs and likes.
What are recommendations for managing blood sugar with exercise? Experts suggest that you
airm for at least 30 minutes of moderate or vigorous physical activity 5 days of the week.
, What are recommendations for diabetics to control hypoglycemia? I you take insulin, providers
suggest you take less insulin or eat a small snack with carbs before, during, or after physical
activity.
Differentiate between aerobic, muscle-strengthening and bone-strengthening activities.
Aerobic exercises makes your heart beat faster and makes you breathe harder (for like 30 min).
muscle strength for 2-3 times a week. This includes hand weights, elastic bands or weight
machines. Helps with bones as well.
Reading: The Impact of Brief High-Intensity Exercise on Blood Glucose Levels
Understand the impact of exercise on glucose uptake and reduction of blood sugar in patients
with type II diabetes. During exercise, muscle utilizes glucose made available by intramuscular
glycogenolysis and by increased glucose uptake.In conclusion, there is a glucose uptake by a
pathway that is not depended on insulin.
Differentiate between moderate and vigorous activities
Define ergogenic aids. Substances or devices that enhance energy production, us or recover
and provide athletes with a competitive advantage.
Reading: Chapter 8: "Intervening to Change the Public's Eating Behavior"
How can the food environment in schools be modified to promote healthier eating habits
among children? Carrying nutritious foods to school, not taking money to school, reducing
gavailabily of junk food at home and school.
Reading: Review the information found at President's Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition.
What are the health benefits of exercise on disease prevention and quality of life? Exercise
reduced the risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, stroke, DM2, heart disease, cancer. It
can help control weight, improve sleep, relieve stress, decrease depression potential, etc.
Unit 5: Nutrition Through the Lifecycle (Cohort 3)
Reading: Chapter 9: "Growing a Healthier Nation: Maternal, Infant, Child, and Adolescent
Nutrition with an Emphasis on Childhood Overweight"
What is the recommended weight gain - based on the BMI of the woman when she became
pregnant - for underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese women?
Normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9): gain between 25 and 36 Ibs
Underweight (BMI<18.5): between 28 and 40 Ibs
Overweight (BMI 25-29.9): between 15 and 20 lbs
Obese (BMI > or = 30) between 11 to 20 lbs
Identify risk factors for preterm delivery.
How much additional energy (kcal/day) does a woman require in the first, second and third
trimesters? In the 1st trimester, it is the same as nonpregnant women. 2nd trimester, additional
340 kcal/day. 3rd trimester is additional 452 kcal/day.
How much additional protein (g/day) does a woman require while pregnant? 25 g/day for all 3
trimesters.
What are the recommendations surrounding smoking and alcohol consumption by pregnant
women? Don’t do it, duh.
