NR 222 Health and Wellness Final Exam
Question Bank (2026/27)
Section I: Foundational Concepts in Health & Wellness (Questions 1–25)
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about the World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition of health.
Which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. “Health is the absence of disease or illness.”
B. “Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.”
C. “Health is the ability to perform activities of daily living.”
D. “Health is determined solely by genetic factors.”
Correct AnswerB
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – This is an outdated biomedical view.
o B: Correct – WHO (1948) defines health as complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely absence of disease.
o C: Incorrect – This is functional health, not the comprehensive WHO definition.
o D: Incorrect – Health is multifactorial (genetics, environment, behavior, social
conditions).
2. A nurse is using the Health Belief Model (HBM) to help a patient quit smoking. Which factor
represents “perceived susceptibility”?
A. Belief that quitting smoking will improve breathing within weeks.
B. Belief that smoking causes lung cancer.
C. Fear of gaining weight after quitting.
D. Seeing a family member die from smoking-related illness.
Correct AnswerB
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – This is perceived benefit.
o B: Correct – Perceived susceptibility = belief about chances of getting a condition.
, o C: Incorrect – This is perceived barrier.
o D: Incorrect – This is cue to action, not susceptibility.
3. A patient asks, “What is the difference between health promotion and disease prevention?” Which
response is best?
A. “Health promotion focuses on treating existing disease; disease prevention avoids treatment.”
B. “Health promotion enables people to increase control over their health; disease prevention focuses
on avoiding specific diseases.”
C. “There is no difference; the terms are interchangeable.”
D. “Health promotion is only for young adults; disease prevention is for older adults.”
Correct AnswerB
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – Health promotion is not treatment; it is proactive.
o B: Correct – Health promotion (e.g., exercise) is broader; disease prevention (e.g.,
vaccines) targets specific conditions.
o C: Incorrect – They overlap but are distinct.
o D: Incorrect – Both apply across lifespan.
4. A nurse is implementing tertiary prevention. Which action exemplifies this level?
A. Teaching a community about safe sex practices.
B. Administering insulin to a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis.
C. Providing a stroke patient with physical therapy to regain mobility.
D. Giving a measles vaccine to a child.
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – Primary prevention (before disease).
o B: Incorrect – Secondary prevention (acute treatment).
o C: Correct – Tertiary prevention = rehabilitation, reducing disability after disease.
o D: Incorrect – Primary prevention.
5. Which model focuses on the interaction between personal characteristics, behavior, and the
environment in shaping health?
A. Health Belief Model
B. Transtheoretical Model
, C. Social Cognitive Theory
D. Ecological Model
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – Focuses on perceived threats and benefits.
o B: Incorrect – Focuses on stages of change.
o C: Correct – Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes reciprocal determinism
(person ↔ behavior ↔ environment).
o D: Incorrect – Broader socio-ecological levels but not the reciprocal triad.
6. A patient in the contemplation stage of the Transtheoretical Model states: “I know I should
exercise, but I’m not ready to start yet.” Which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Provide a structured exercise plan.
B. Praise the patient for already exercising.
C. Explore the pros and cons of exercising.
D. Refer to a personal trainer immediately.
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – That is for preparation/action stage.
o B: Incorrect – Patient is not yet exercising.
o C: Correct – Contemplation = ambivalence; help weigh pros/cons.
o D: Incorrect – Premature; patient not ready.
7. According to Maslow’s hierarchy, which need must be met first before a patient will focus on health
education?
A. Self-esteem
B. Love and belonging
C. Physiological needs (air, water, food, sleep)
D. Self-actualization
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A, B, D: Incorrect – Higher-level needs.
Question Bank (2026/27)
Section I: Foundational Concepts in Health & Wellness (Questions 1–25)
1. A nurse is teaching a patient about the World Health Organization’s (WHO) definition of health.
Which statement by the patient indicates correct understanding?
A. “Health is the absence of disease or illness.”
B. “Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.”
C. “Health is the ability to perform activities of daily living.”
D. “Health is determined solely by genetic factors.”
Correct AnswerB
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – This is an outdated biomedical view.
o B: Correct – WHO (1948) defines health as complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, not merely absence of disease.
o C: Incorrect – This is functional health, not the comprehensive WHO definition.
o D: Incorrect – Health is multifactorial (genetics, environment, behavior, social
conditions).
2. A nurse is using the Health Belief Model (HBM) to help a patient quit smoking. Which factor
represents “perceived susceptibility”?
A. Belief that quitting smoking will improve breathing within weeks.
B. Belief that smoking causes lung cancer.
C. Fear of gaining weight after quitting.
D. Seeing a family member die from smoking-related illness.
Correct AnswerB
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – This is perceived benefit.
o B: Correct – Perceived susceptibility = belief about chances of getting a condition.
, o C: Incorrect – This is perceived barrier.
o D: Incorrect – This is cue to action, not susceptibility.
3. A patient asks, “What is the difference between health promotion and disease prevention?” Which
response is best?
A. “Health promotion focuses on treating existing disease; disease prevention avoids treatment.”
B. “Health promotion enables people to increase control over their health; disease prevention focuses
on avoiding specific diseases.”
C. “There is no difference; the terms are interchangeable.”
D. “Health promotion is only for young adults; disease prevention is for older adults.”
Correct AnswerB
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – Health promotion is not treatment; it is proactive.
o B: Correct – Health promotion (e.g., exercise) is broader; disease prevention (e.g.,
vaccines) targets specific conditions.
o C: Incorrect – They overlap but are distinct.
o D: Incorrect – Both apply across lifespan.
4. A nurse is implementing tertiary prevention. Which action exemplifies this level?
A. Teaching a community about safe sex practices.
B. Administering insulin to a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis.
C. Providing a stroke patient with physical therapy to regain mobility.
D. Giving a measles vaccine to a child.
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – Primary prevention (before disease).
o B: Incorrect – Secondary prevention (acute treatment).
o C: Correct – Tertiary prevention = rehabilitation, reducing disability after disease.
o D: Incorrect – Primary prevention.
5. Which model focuses on the interaction between personal characteristics, behavior, and the
environment in shaping health?
A. Health Belief Model
B. Transtheoretical Model
, C. Social Cognitive Theory
D. Ecological Model
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – Focuses on perceived threats and benefits.
o B: Incorrect – Focuses on stages of change.
o C: Correct – Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory emphasizes reciprocal determinism
(person ↔ behavior ↔ environment).
o D: Incorrect – Broader socio-ecological levels but not the reciprocal triad.
6. A patient in the contemplation stage of the Transtheoretical Model states: “I know I should
exercise, but I’m not ready to start yet.” Which nursing action is most appropriate?
A. Provide a structured exercise plan.
B. Praise the patient for already exercising.
C. Explore the pros and cons of exercising.
D. Refer to a personal trainer immediately.
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A: Incorrect – That is for preparation/action stage.
o B: Incorrect – Patient is not yet exercising.
o C: Correct – Contemplation = ambivalence; help weigh pros/cons.
o D: Incorrect – Premature; patient not ready.
7. According to Maslow’s hierarchy, which need must be met first before a patient will focus on health
education?
A. Self-esteem
B. Love and belonging
C. Physiological needs (air, water, food, sleep)
D. Self-actualization
Correct AnswerC
• Rationale:
o A, B, D: Incorrect – Higher-level needs.
