Phil 1180 Final Exam Review UPDATED
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
True or False: the QUOTES portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
The liberal state is rational because "it reconciles competing demands for recognition on the only
mutually acceptable basis, that is, on the basis of the individual's identity as a human being. " -
CORRECT ANSWER False
A valid argument would be unsound if it had false premises. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Jill: I really learned a lot in Professor Alvarez's class. I think she's brilliant.
Bill: I always had trouble concentrating in her class. Her voice is really annoying. - CORRECT
ANSWER A.
adding (making an additional non-conflicting claim)
True or False: the QUOTES portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
"The use of atomic weapons on Japan during WWII cannot be justified. " In order to be justified
military action must cause fewer deaths than any other available option and the United States had less
destructivie options for ending the war. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Jill: Homosexual unions shouldn't be called marriages. Homosexuals can't get pregnant and raise
children.
Bill: Actually lesbians can get pregnant and homosexuals quite often raise children. - CORRECT
ANSWER Disagreeing
Mike: I support the Democrats because they are more likely to protect the environment.
, Ike: You are naive to think that the Democrats will protect the environment. They won't. - CORRECT
ANSWER Disagreeing
True or False: the quotes portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
Contrary to what most Americans believe, the drug war did not originate in the Reagan administration
as a response to the crack epidemic in the inner cities. The evidence is plain. "Reagan announced the
drug war two years before the start of the crack epidemic." - CORRECT ANSWER false
Some valid arguments are unsound. - CORRECT ANSWER true
Jill: I can't believe the price of gasoline these days. Those oil companies are making excessive profits
and should be hit with a windfall profits tax.
Bill: Sure they are making a lot of money. Why do you say it's excessive? - CORRECT
ANSWER Asking for the reason (= challenging).
True or False: the QUOTES portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
Centrally planned economies are inefficient because "centrally planned economies do not provide
sufficient incentives to workers." - CORRECT ANSWER false
If an argument is uncogent and has false premises, then it must be weak. - CORRECT
ANSWER false
True or False: the underlined portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
Since "there are always unrealised potentialities in human life, which remain undeveloped, if hope
does not encourage their development", the optimism of the rationalists and educators is not without
value. - CORRECT ANSWER false
Every deductive argument with false premises and a true conclusion is invalid. - CORRECT
ANSWER false
ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
True or False: the QUOTES portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
The liberal state is rational because "it reconciles competing demands for recognition on the only
mutually acceptable basis, that is, on the basis of the individual's identity as a human being. " -
CORRECT ANSWER False
A valid argument would be unsound if it had false premises. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Jill: I really learned a lot in Professor Alvarez's class. I think she's brilliant.
Bill: I always had trouble concentrating in her class. Her voice is really annoying. - CORRECT
ANSWER A.
adding (making an additional non-conflicting claim)
True or False: the QUOTES portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
"The use of atomic weapons on Japan during WWII cannot be justified. " In order to be justified
military action must cause fewer deaths than any other available option and the United States had less
destructivie options for ending the war. - CORRECT ANSWER True
Jill: Homosexual unions shouldn't be called marriages. Homosexuals can't get pregnant and raise
children.
Bill: Actually lesbians can get pregnant and homosexuals quite often raise children. - CORRECT
ANSWER Disagreeing
Mike: I support the Democrats because they are more likely to protect the environment.
, Ike: You are naive to think that the Democrats will protect the environment. They won't. - CORRECT
ANSWER Disagreeing
True or False: the quotes portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
Contrary to what most Americans believe, the drug war did not originate in the Reagan administration
as a response to the crack epidemic in the inner cities. The evidence is plain. "Reagan announced the
drug war two years before the start of the crack epidemic." - CORRECT ANSWER false
Some valid arguments are unsound. - CORRECT ANSWER true
Jill: I can't believe the price of gasoline these days. Those oil companies are making excessive profits
and should be hit with a windfall profits tax.
Bill: Sure they are making a lot of money. Why do you say it's excessive? - CORRECT
ANSWER Asking for the reason (= challenging).
True or False: the QUOTES portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
Centrally planned economies are inefficient because "centrally planned economies do not provide
sufficient incentives to workers." - CORRECT ANSWER false
If an argument is uncogent and has false premises, then it must be weak. - CORRECT
ANSWER false
True or False: the underlined portion of the passage is the conclusion of an argument.
Since "there are always unrealised potentialities in human life, which remain undeveloped, if hope
does not encourage their development", the optimism of the rationalists and educators is not without
value. - CORRECT ANSWER false
Every deductive argument with false premises and a true conclusion is invalid. - CORRECT
ANSWER false
