NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MODULE 7 2026
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FULL SOLUTION
◉ What does the peripheral vascular system include? Answer: All
the blood vessels outside the heart and brain.
◉ What are the main components of the cardiovascular system?
Answer: The heart, blood, and blood vessels (arteries, veins, and
capillaries).
◉ What is anemia? Answer: A condition characterized by a below-
normal amount of red blood cells (RBCs), leading to decreased
hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct).
◉ What are the types of anemia mentioned? Answer: Pernicious
anemia, iron deficiency anemia, and sickle cell anemia.
◉ What is hypertension (HTN)? Answer: A condition where blood
pressure is consistently elevated, classified into stages.
, ◉ What is peripheral vascular disease (PVD)? Answer: A disorder
affecting blood flow in the peripheral arteries and veins, which can
lead to health problems.
◉ What is tachycardia? Answer: A heart rate greater than 100 beats
per minute.
◉ What is bradycardia? Answer: A heart rate lower than 60 beats
per minute.
◉ What are common clinical manifestations of anemia? Answer:
General lethargy, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness,
pale skin, and changes in mental status.
◉ What is atherosclerosis? Answer: A condition characterized by
yellowish plaque of cholesterol, lipids, and cellular debris in the
inner layer of arteries, causing narrowing and decreased blood flow.
◉ What is arteriosclerosis? Answer: A condition characterized by
thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls,
resulting in decreased blood flow.
◉ What does the term 'hypotension' refer to? Answer: A condition
where systolic blood pressure is below 90 mmHg.
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ FULL SOLUTION
◉ What does the peripheral vascular system include? Answer: All
the blood vessels outside the heart and brain.
◉ What are the main components of the cardiovascular system?
Answer: The heart, blood, and blood vessels (arteries, veins, and
capillaries).
◉ What is anemia? Answer: A condition characterized by a below-
normal amount of red blood cells (RBCs), leading to decreased
hemoglobin (Hgb) and hematocrit (Hct).
◉ What are the types of anemia mentioned? Answer: Pernicious
anemia, iron deficiency anemia, and sickle cell anemia.
◉ What is hypertension (HTN)? Answer: A condition where blood
pressure is consistently elevated, classified into stages.
, ◉ What is peripheral vascular disease (PVD)? Answer: A disorder
affecting blood flow in the peripheral arteries and veins, which can
lead to health problems.
◉ What is tachycardia? Answer: A heart rate greater than 100 beats
per minute.
◉ What is bradycardia? Answer: A heart rate lower than 60 beats
per minute.
◉ What are common clinical manifestations of anemia? Answer:
General lethargy, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness,
pale skin, and changes in mental status.
◉ What is atherosclerosis? Answer: A condition characterized by
yellowish plaque of cholesterol, lipids, and cellular debris in the
inner layer of arteries, causing narrowing and decreased blood flow.
◉ What is arteriosclerosis? Answer: A condition characterized by
thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls,
resulting in decreased blood flow.
◉ What does the term 'hypotension' refer to? Answer: A condition
where systolic blood pressure is below 90 mmHg.
