MDC II FINAL EXAM (RASMUSSEN) NEWEST 2026
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK| MDC 2 FINAL EXAM
REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 450 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
A patient is scheduled to start chemotherapy. What oral cavity problem
does the nurse teach the patient that may occur?
A. Stomatitis
B. Candidiasis
C. Xerostomia
D. Oral abscess – Correct Answer - A
Secondary stomatitis generally results from infection by opportunistic
viruses, fungi, or bacteria in patients who are immunocompromised, or it
results from drugs such as chemotherapy. Xerostomia is usually related
to radiation in the oral cavity region. Candidiasis is an opportunistic
stomatitis that can be seen in older adults and other
immunocompromised patients. Oral abscess is a potential complication.
An older patient with poor oral hygiene was admitted after a fall in
which he sustained a fractured hip. What is the priority nursing
intervention?
A. Initiate oral care every 4 hours.
B. Implement aspiration precautions.
C. Request a consult with a registered dietitian.
D. Use swabs to moisten the mouth as needed. – Correct Answer - B
pg. 1
,It is now known that older adults who have poor oral hygiene are at high
risk for mouth infections and aspiration pneumonia. Aspiration
precautions should be immediately implemented, followed by initiation
of regular oral care. Implementing good oral care that avoids alcohol-
containing oral solutions and lemon glycerin swabs is important. A
consult with a registered dietitian may assist with determining the
patient's dentition and nutrient needs to assist with healing
postoperatively.
When administering a new GI medication to an older patient, the nurse
anticipates what?
A. A higher-than-normal dose may be needed.
B. Close monitoring is needed because toxic levels may develop.
C. Older adults always require a lower-than-normal dose than younger
patients.
D. Nausea and vomiting may develop rapidly and are common side
effects in older adults. – Correct Answer - B
The older patient should be monitored closely for adverse effects of all
medications, even those administered in normal doses, because toxic
levels can develop rapidly. Medications should never be increased to
greater-than-normal levels because age-related changes in the liver and
intestinal absorption may cause development of toxic drug levels. The
patient also should not receive drug doses that are lower than normal.
Nausea and vomiting in response to medication are not expected side
effects of a patient's use of prescribed medication in appropriate dosages.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a long history of osteoarthritis.
Which risk factors will the nurse teach the patient that may contribute to
development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
A. Weight of 130 lbs
pg. 2
,B. Walks 20 minutes once daily
C. Frequently takes NSAIDs for pain
D. Consumes foods with calcium supplementation – Correct Answer - C
Some drugs can cause GERD, such as oral contraceptives,
anticholinergic agents, sedatives, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
(NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen, nitrates, and calcium channel blockers.
The possibility of eliminating those drugs causing reflux should be
explored with the health care provider. Maintaining a normal weight ,
performing daily exercise, and taking supplements with food are not risk
factors for developing GERD.
Which nursing intervention is the priority in the care of a patient with a
hiatal hernia?
A. Providing nutrition education
B. Promoting regular exercise
C. Providing medication education
D. Instructing the patient on signs and symptoms of intestinal
strangulation – Correct Answer - A
The most important role of the nurse in caring for a patient with a hiatal
hernia is health teaching, specifically nutrition management to include
weight loss. Education for prescribed medications is an important
nursing function, as well as education for signs and symptoms of
infection if the patient has a rolling hiatal hernia.
Which assessment variable requires immediate nursing intervention post
esophagectomy?
A. Respiratory rate of 28
B. Blood pressure of 170/88
pg. 3
, C. Temperature of 38.1º C
D. Pain assessment of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 – Correct Answer - A
Respiratory care is the highest postoperative priority for patients having
an esophagectomy. For those who had traditional surgery, intubation
with mechanical ventilation is needed for at least the first 16 to 24 hours.
Pulmonary complications include atelectasis and pneumonia. The risk
for postoperative pulmonary complications is increased in the patient
who has received preoperative radiation. Once the patient is extubated,
begin deep breathing, turning, and coughing every 1 to 2 hours. Assess
the patient for decreased breath sounds and shortness of breath every 1
to 2 hours. Provide incisional support and adequate analgesia for
effective coughing. Blood pressure may be elevated as a sympathetic
response to decreased ventilation; temperature may indicate
postoperative atelectasis and/or possible infection; and pain should be
treated once the airway is secured.
A patient in the ED has been experiencing upper abdominal pain after
meals for the past several months. She reports pain after napping or
sleeping at night. She has been taking OTC antacids with some relief.
The nurse understands that which assessment finding places the patient
at risk for peptic ulcer disease?
A. GERD 4 years ago
B. Weight loss of 35 lbs
C. Use of NSAIDs to control arthritis pain
D. Recent discontinuation of prednisone (Deltasone) – Correct Answer -
C
Peptic ulcer development is associated primarily with nonsteroidal
antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use and bacterial infections with
Helicobacter pylori.
pg. 4
ACTUAL EXAM TEST BANK| MDC 2 FINAL EXAM
REVIEW WITH COMPLETE 450 REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
A patient is scheduled to start chemotherapy. What oral cavity problem
does the nurse teach the patient that may occur?
A. Stomatitis
B. Candidiasis
C. Xerostomia
D. Oral abscess – Correct Answer - A
Secondary stomatitis generally results from infection by opportunistic
viruses, fungi, or bacteria in patients who are immunocompromised, or it
results from drugs such as chemotherapy. Xerostomia is usually related
to radiation in the oral cavity region. Candidiasis is an opportunistic
stomatitis that can be seen in older adults and other
immunocompromised patients. Oral abscess is a potential complication.
An older patient with poor oral hygiene was admitted after a fall in
which he sustained a fractured hip. What is the priority nursing
intervention?
A. Initiate oral care every 4 hours.
B. Implement aspiration precautions.
C. Request a consult with a registered dietitian.
D. Use swabs to moisten the mouth as needed. – Correct Answer - B
pg. 1
,It is now known that older adults who have poor oral hygiene are at high
risk for mouth infections and aspiration pneumonia. Aspiration
precautions should be immediately implemented, followed by initiation
of regular oral care. Implementing good oral care that avoids alcohol-
containing oral solutions and lemon glycerin swabs is important. A
consult with a registered dietitian may assist with determining the
patient's dentition and nutrient needs to assist with healing
postoperatively.
When administering a new GI medication to an older patient, the nurse
anticipates what?
A. A higher-than-normal dose may be needed.
B. Close monitoring is needed because toxic levels may develop.
C. Older adults always require a lower-than-normal dose than younger
patients.
D. Nausea and vomiting may develop rapidly and are common side
effects in older adults. – Correct Answer - B
The older patient should be monitored closely for adverse effects of all
medications, even those administered in normal doses, because toxic
levels can develop rapidly. Medications should never be increased to
greater-than-normal levels because age-related changes in the liver and
intestinal absorption may cause development of toxic drug levels. The
patient also should not receive drug doses that are lower than normal.
Nausea and vomiting in response to medication are not expected side
effects of a patient's use of prescribed medication in appropriate dosages.
The nurse is caring for a patient with a long history of osteoarthritis.
Which risk factors will the nurse teach the patient that may contribute to
development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)?
A. Weight of 130 lbs
pg. 2
,B. Walks 20 minutes once daily
C. Frequently takes NSAIDs for pain
D. Consumes foods with calcium supplementation – Correct Answer - C
Some drugs can cause GERD, such as oral contraceptives,
anticholinergic agents, sedatives, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
(NSAIDS) such as ibuprofen, nitrates, and calcium channel blockers.
The possibility of eliminating those drugs causing reflux should be
explored with the health care provider. Maintaining a normal weight ,
performing daily exercise, and taking supplements with food are not risk
factors for developing GERD.
Which nursing intervention is the priority in the care of a patient with a
hiatal hernia?
A. Providing nutrition education
B. Promoting regular exercise
C. Providing medication education
D. Instructing the patient on signs and symptoms of intestinal
strangulation – Correct Answer - A
The most important role of the nurse in caring for a patient with a hiatal
hernia is health teaching, specifically nutrition management to include
weight loss. Education for prescribed medications is an important
nursing function, as well as education for signs and symptoms of
infection if the patient has a rolling hiatal hernia.
Which assessment variable requires immediate nursing intervention post
esophagectomy?
A. Respiratory rate of 28
B. Blood pressure of 170/88
pg. 3
, C. Temperature of 38.1º C
D. Pain assessment of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 – Correct Answer - A
Respiratory care is the highest postoperative priority for patients having
an esophagectomy. For those who had traditional surgery, intubation
with mechanical ventilation is needed for at least the first 16 to 24 hours.
Pulmonary complications include atelectasis and pneumonia. The risk
for postoperative pulmonary complications is increased in the patient
who has received preoperative radiation. Once the patient is extubated,
begin deep breathing, turning, and coughing every 1 to 2 hours. Assess
the patient for decreased breath sounds and shortness of breath every 1
to 2 hours. Provide incisional support and adequate analgesia for
effective coughing. Blood pressure may be elevated as a sympathetic
response to decreased ventilation; temperature may indicate
postoperative atelectasis and/or possible infection; and pain should be
treated once the airway is secured.
A patient in the ED has been experiencing upper abdominal pain after
meals for the past several months. She reports pain after napping or
sleeping at night. She has been taking OTC antacids with some relief.
The nurse understands that which assessment finding places the patient
at risk for peptic ulcer disease?
A. GERD 4 years ago
B. Weight loss of 35 lbs
C. Use of NSAIDs to control arthritis pain
D. Recent discontinuation of prednisone (Deltasone) – Correct Answer -
C
Peptic ulcer development is associated primarily with nonsteroidal
antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) use and bacterial infections with
Helicobacter pylori.
pg. 4
