Bushong Ch. 1. Essential Concepts of
Radiologic Sciences
Define matter? – answer Anything that occupies space, has form or shape, and has
mass
Matter is the material substance that: - answer Makes up physical objects
Matter is composed of what 2 items? – answer Molecules and Atoms
Define energy: - answerThe ability to do work
Identify 7 types of energy: - answer1) Potential 5) Thermal
2) Kinetic 6) Nuclear
3) Chemical 7) Electrical
4) Electromagnetic
How is energy measured? - answerJoules (J)
The ability to do work by the virtue of position is what type of energy? – answer
Potential Energy
What is Potential Energy? - answerThe ability to do work by the virtue of position
What is Kinetic Energy? - answerEnergy in motion
What is the term for energy in motion? - answerKinetic Energy
What type of energy is released by a Chemical Reaction? - answerChemical energy
Define Chemical Energy: - answerEnergy released by a chemical reaction
Define Electrical Energy? - answerWork done when an electron moves through an
electrical potential difference (voltage)
Define Thermal (Heat): - answerEnergy of motion at the molecular level
What is Nuclear Energy: - answerEnergy contained within the nucleus of an atom
Define Electromagnetic Energy: - answerName the least familiar form of energy, but
most important for us; form that is used in x-ray
, Name the least familiar form of energy, but most important for us; form that is used in x-
ray - answerElectromagnetic Energy
T/F: Energy can be transferred from one size and/or shape to another? - answerTrue
In an x-ray machine, electromagnetic energy is produced from _________
__________? - answerElectrical Energy
What is Radiation? - answerEnergy emitted and
transferred through space and matter
Term used for Electromagnetic Energy transferred through space? -
answerElectromagnetic Radiation, or just Radiation
Define Ionization: - answerRemoval of an orbital electron from an atom
Which type of radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron from an atom? -
answerIonizing Radiation
What is an atom and and orbital electron called when the electron is separated from the
atom - answerAn Ion pair
Ionization is the removal of ________ from ________. - answeran ELECTON from an
ATOM
Matter that intercepts radiation and absorbs either part of or all of the radiation is said to
be _______ or _______: - answerExposed or irradiated
T/F: Ionizing radiation is a special type of radiation that includes x-rays, AND is capable
of removing an orbital electron from the atom with which it interacts. - answerTrue
Define Ion Pair: - answerTwo oppositely charged particles
What electrical charge does an electron have? - answerNegative
What electrical charge does a stable atom have? - answer0
Name two types of Electromagnetic Ionizing Radiation: - answerX-rays and Gamma
Rays
What are the to main sources of Ionizing Radiation? - answerNatural Environment and
Man-Made
Give 3 examples of Natural Environmental Ionizing Radiation: - answer1) Cosmic Rays
2) Terrestrial Radiation
3) Internal Radionuclides
Radiologic Sciences
Define matter? – answer Anything that occupies space, has form or shape, and has
mass
Matter is the material substance that: - answer Makes up physical objects
Matter is composed of what 2 items? – answer Molecules and Atoms
Define energy: - answerThe ability to do work
Identify 7 types of energy: - answer1) Potential 5) Thermal
2) Kinetic 6) Nuclear
3) Chemical 7) Electrical
4) Electromagnetic
How is energy measured? - answerJoules (J)
The ability to do work by the virtue of position is what type of energy? – answer
Potential Energy
What is Potential Energy? - answerThe ability to do work by the virtue of position
What is Kinetic Energy? - answerEnergy in motion
What is the term for energy in motion? - answerKinetic Energy
What type of energy is released by a Chemical Reaction? - answerChemical energy
Define Chemical Energy: - answerEnergy released by a chemical reaction
Define Electrical Energy? - answerWork done when an electron moves through an
electrical potential difference (voltage)
Define Thermal (Heat): - answerEnergy of motion at the molecular level
What is Nuclear Energy: - answerEnergy contained within the nucleus of an atom
Define Electromagnetic Energy: - answerName the least familiar form of energy, but
most important for us; form that is used in x-ray
, Name the least familiar form of energy, but most important for us; form that is used in x-
ray - answerElectromagnetic Energy
T/F: Energy can be transferred from one size and/or shape to another? - answerTrue
In an x-ray machine, electromagnetic energy is produced from _________
__________? - answerElectrical Energy
What is Radiation? - answerEnergy emitted and
transferred through space and matter
Term used for Electromagnetic Energy transferred through space? -
answerElectromagnetic Radiation, or just Radiation
Define Ionization: - answerRemoval of an orbital electron from an atom
Which type of radiation that is capable of removing an orbital electron from an atom? -
answerIonizing Radiation
What is an atom and and orbital electron called when the electron is separated from the
atom - answerAn Ion pair
Ionization is the removal of ________ from ________. - answeran ELECTON from an
ATOM
Matter that intercepts radiation and absorbs either part of or all of the radiation is said to
be _______ or _______: - answerExposed or irradiated
T/F: Ionizing radiation is a special type of radiation that includes x-rays, AND is capable
of removing an orbital electron from the atom with which it interacts. - answerTrue
Define Ion Pair: - answerTwo oppositely charged particles
What electrical charge does an electron have? - answerNegative
What electrical charge does a stable atom have? - answer0
Name two types of Electromagnetic Ionizing Radiation: - answerX-rays and Gamma
Rays
What are the to main sources of Ionizing Radiation? - answerNatural Environment and
Man-Made
Give 3 examples of Natural Environmental Ionizing Radiation: - answer1) Cosmic Rays
2) Terrestrial Radiation
3) Internal Radionuclides
